摘要
随着核能在船用动力装置上的广泛应用,船用反应堆的核安全分析成为必然,并且逐渐得到关注。辐射安全准则是核动力装置安全分析的重要指标,由于船用反应堆的特点,其辐射防护管理具有更高、更严密的要求,从而使加强放射性防护成为船用反应堆的重要任务。船用反应堆在运行工况及事故工况下的剂量场评价是进行放射性防护必备手段。在剂量场评价过程中需要对装置的辐射源分布、强度和产生的辐射后果等进行一系列定量化计算。单一的源项计算程序或者屏蔽计算程序都无法完成此项功能。本课题就是在这样的背景下提出的。
本文首先介绍了国际上流行的几类反应堆舱室剂量场分析程序,并通过对船用反应堆舱室剂量场分析过程的解读,引入源项计算程序FCSC和屏蔽计算程序QAD-CG的计算模型建立船用反应堆剂量场分析程序。通过研究它们的数学模型,提出了对源项与屏蔽计算进行耦合的数学处理过程,明确了两个程序的耦合方法,从而实现了船用反应堆辐射源分布、源强和剂量后果的连续计算和对多种工况进行舱室剂量场分析的自动处理过程,较大的提高了这个过程的效率。在此基础上,又利用VB程序开发工具实现了程序输入输出的可视化,方便了程序的使用,最后,文中运用该程序进行了船用反应堆舱室γ剂量场的分析尝试。
该程序能为船用反应堆运行工况的设备检修提供安全指导;在发生核事故的时候,也能快速、准确地做出应急响应,采取有效的应急对策,将核事故的危害降到最低程度。论文的研究对船用反应堆舱室工作人员及时掌握、了解船用反应堆舱室的放射性状况,确保设备和人员的安全,提高船用反应堆的安全分析能力及核事故应急救援的快速反应能力具有重要的意义。同时,也进一步完善了核安全分析体系,为船用核动力装置的安全性及船用反应堆事故状态的应急处理提供依据。
Along with the extensive use of nuclear energy in marine power equipment, the safety analysis of the nuclear of marine reactor has been necessary and been gradually taken much thinking. The criterion of radiation safety is the important index of power equipment's safety analysis. Because of the characteristic of marine reactor, the radiation protection management owns the higher and more precise require, in order to get reinforcing radiation protection to be the important assignment. The marine reactor is the necessary method for radiation protection in operating condition and accident condition's dosage field evaluation. In the process of dosage field evaluation, we need a series of quantification compute to radiant point's distribution, intension and the aftereffect of radiation. The simple original computational procedure or mask program can not realize this function. This project is just proposed against this background.
This article introduces primarily the several most popular kinds of analysis programme of dosage field of building, and then brings in FCSC and QAD-CG by the decipherment of the analytic process of marine reactor's dosage field of building, in order to research their mathematical model and propose the mathematization process of coupling of source item calculation and shield calculation. Thus to realize consecutive calculation of analytic process of marine reactor's dosage field of building and auto process of analysis of dosage field of reactor building to many kinds of mode. The efficiency of process has risen significantly. On the basis of this, making use of VB to realize the visualization of data input and output, give convenience to the using of programme.Ultimately, the article also uses this programme to analyze the marine reactor Gamma-ray dosage field.
This programme can provide safety guidance for marine reactor operating condition; Once the nuclear accident happened, it can response immediately and correctly, and adopt efficient lash-up countermeasure in order to lower the harm of nuclear accident, to make sure the safety of equipment and staff, and to raise the ability of reactor's safety analysis. Meanwhile, also complete ulteriorly nuclear safety analysis system and provide the basis for safety and emergency of reactor's accident of marine power equipment.
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