摘要
光子晶体光纤是近年来悄然兴起的一个新的研究领域,由于它独特传输特性和重要的应用价值而引起越来越广泛的关注。本报告是结合国家973计划项目“基于微结构光纤的光电子功能器件的创新与研究”(2003CB314906)、国家自然科学基金项目“新型量子点注入光子晶体光纤激光器研究”(10674074)、中国博士后科学基金资助项目“多芯光子带隙光纤的耦合机制及其在光子器件中的应用的研究”(20060400687)等,对基于光子晶体光纤的重要光电子器件进行分析。本报告首先阐述光子晶体光纤的发展过程、性能特点和重要应用,接着对多芯光子晶体光纤、光子晶体光纤光栅和光子晶体光纤中的非线性效应进行了研究。报告主要内容包括:
1.理论设计了宽带单偏振单模双芯光子晶体光纤并分析了它的传导和耦合特性,该耦合器可以在超过200nm带宽的波长范围内实现单偏振单模耦合。
2.对双芯光子带隙光纤的耦合特性进行了理论和实验研究。理论研究了双芯空芯光子带隙光纤和双芯全固光子带隙光纤中的新奇耦合特性(如,耦合长度出现极值、无耦合现象),利用堆砌拉制技术拉制出4种双芯全固光子带隙光纤,并测量了其耦合长度,数值模拟和实验结果基本吻合。
3.理论设计了基于谐振耦合效应的全固光子带隙光纤耦合器。由纤芯传导的超模和缺陷模式的色散曲线避免相交产生的谐振效应显著降低了耦合长度。这种光纤结构对实现全光纤化的集成通信器件具有重要意义。
4.利用紫外写入技术在纤芯高掺锗的折射率引导型光子晶体光纤和全固光子带隙光纤中写制了布拉格光纤光栅,利用周期微弯的方法在空芯光子带隙光纤中研制了长周期光纤光栅,并研究了这些光栅中的谐振特性。
5、开发了基于分步傅立叶变换方法求解非线性薛定谔方程的程序,研究了超短脉冲在液体填充光子带隙光纤中的传输和捕获得特性。为光子带隙光纤在非线性光学中的应用提供了依据。
6.利用被动调Q的Nd:YAG激光器和无截至单模光子晶体光纤搭建了光谱宽度从500nm到1750nm的紧凑型超连续光源。
In recent years, photonic crystal fibers(PCFs) have attracted considerable interest due to their unique properties and potential applications. The work in this report was supported by the National basic research program of China (Innovation and basic research of photoelectron functional devices based on microstructured optical fibers, Grand No. 2003CB314906), the National Science Foundation Project of China (Study on the novel laser based on the photonic crystal fibers infused by quantum dot material, Grand No. 10674074), the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (Study on coupling mechanism of mulit-core photonic bandgap fibers and its applications in photonic devices,Grand No. 20060400687), and so on. In this report, we firstly review the progress in PCFs. Then we mainly focus on the research of devices based on PCFs, such as the multi-core PCFs coupler, the fiber grating inscribed in PCFs, and nonlinear effect in PCFs. The contents are listed as follows:
1. A novel Photonic Crystal Fiber (PCF) coupler with single-polarization single-mode (SPSM) feature is theoretically proposed. The SPSM coupling range is over 200nm for a variety of parameters.
2 . We have theoretically and experimentally investigated the coupling in dual-core photonic bandgap fibers (PBGFs). The novel coupling characteristics in dual-core hollow-core PBGFs and dual-core all-solid PBGFs, such as such as maxima and minima in coupling length, complete decoupling of the cores, are theoretically investigated. The dual-core all-solid PBGFs are fabricated by using a modified stack-and-draw process and their coupling length are measured. The experimental results show good qualitative agreement with the numerical results.
3. We theoretically propose directional couplers operated by resonant coupling in all-solid photonic bandgap fibers structure. The resonant effect induced by the avoided crossing between core-guided supermodes and defect-guided modes significant decreases the coupling length in this structure. The directional couplers have potential application in realizing integrating all-fiber communication devices.
4.The fiber Bragg gratings are inscribed in the index-guided PCFs and all-solid PBGFs, and the long-period gratings are induced by periodical microbend. The resonant properties in these gratings are theoretically and experimentally investigated.
5.The software for sovling nonlinear Schr?dinger equations are developed based on the split-step Fourier method. The propagation and the pulse trapping process of ultrashort pulse in liquid-filling PBGFs are investigated by using this software.
6. The compact supercontinuum source are realized by using a passively Q-switched Nd:YAG laser and an endlessly single mode PCF. The supercontinuum spectrum extending from 500 nm to beyond 1750 nm is demonstrated.
引文
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