摘要
水泥基自流平砂浆具有优良的性能,在节能降耗、环保及提高建筑物质量等方面都发挥着重要作用。目前我国水泥基自流平砂浆存在品种少、性能差、缺乏快硬早强地面自流平材料,而且价格昂贵。因此,开发高质量、经济型、快硬性水泥基自流平砂浆具有实际的工程实用价值。此外,目前重庆市在水泥基自流平砂浆的研究应用方面,规模小、技术基础薄弱,本研究对加快水泥基自流平砂浆在本地区的发展及应用具有现实意义。
本文通过组成材料、温湿度对自流平砂浆性能的影响分析以及配合比优化,得到早强、快硬高性能水泥基自流平砂浆配合比;并通过XRD、SEM测试分析,对自流平砂浆早强、高强、表面泛白等机理进行了研究;最后通过自流平砂浆的试用,总结了水泥基自流平配置时应注意的问题和施工技术措施并评价其经济性。研究结果表明:
1)胶凝体系中硫铝酸盐水泥在10%~15% (占胶凝材料总量)、粉煤灰和矿渣取代水泥总量在20%~30%并保持矿渣与粉煤灰的比例为1.5左右时;骨料体系中选择山硅石英砂并控制集胶比为1.0左右时;外加剂体系中可分散乳胶粉(RE5011L)、稳定剂(A1、A2)和消泡剂(P808)的掺量范围分别为2.0%~2.5%、0.05%左右和0.5%~1.0%时,配制的自流平砂浆各方面性能及成本较优。
2)根据正交设计试验结果分析得出:可分散乳胶粉(RE5011L)、稳定剂(A1/A2)和消泡剂(P808)最佳掺量分别为1.5%、0.05%和0.6%。根据最优配合比配制的水泥基自流平砂浆性能指标明显优于JC/T985—2005《地面用水泥基自流平砂浆》标准要求,完全满足课题要求。
3)当温度<20℃、湿度>70%时,标准试验条件下得出的配方早期强度不能满足配制要求,需对配合比进行调整。调整结果如下:普通硅酸盐水泥由60%~75%调整到75%~80%,硫铝酸盐水泥由10%~15%调整到5%~10%,粉煤灰由5%~10%调整到0~5%,矿渣由15%~20%调整到10~15%,其它组成材料不变。
4)XRD和SEM分析表明:自流平砂浆在水化硬化过程中,生成了膨胀型钙矾石,并且钙矾石的数量随着龄期增长逐渐增多,结构不断密实。如果自流平砂浆削泡不好就会在砂浆表面形成白色的CaCO3。
5)根据试验研究,总结了自流平砂浆的施工工艺、技术措施以及配制自流平砂浆应注意的问题,对自流平砂浆的工程应用具有指导作用。自流平砂浆材料成本价格仅为507~657元/吨,具有较好的经济性。
Cement-based self-leveling mortar with excellent performance, it can play an important role in the energy-saving, environmental protection and improving the construction quality, etc. At present, cement-based self-leveling mortar exist less in variety, poor performance, lack of rapid hardening high early strength self-leveling floor materials, and expensive in China.Therefore, it has real practical value in developing the high-quality, economical, fast hard cement-based self-leveling mortar. In addition, the study and application scale of the Cement-based self-leveling mortar was small, technological base was weak in Chongqing city. This study can play an importantly practical significance in accelerating development and application of the cement-based self-leveling mortar in the region.
In this paper, we get the mortar mix of the early strength, rapid hardening cement-based self-leveling mortar through analysising the effect of composition of materials, temperature and humidity on self-leveling mortar performance; We have been studied the early strength, high strength, surface whitening mechanisms of self-leveling mortar by XRD and SEM test analysis; Finally, we summed up the self-leveling cement-based configuration should pay attention to the problems and construction technology and evaluate its economy by self-leveling mortar trial. The results show that:
1) In Cement Pastes, Sulfur content accounting for 10 ~ 15% of total cementitious materials, the slag and fly ash to replace 20% ~ 30% cement and slag-fly ash ratio was about 1.5; In the aggregate system, we choice mountain silica sand and controll aggregate-cement ratio at 1.0; In the additive systems, content ranges of dispersible polymer powders (RE5011L), stabilizer (A1, A2) and defoamer (P808) at 2.0%~2.5%, 0.05% and 0.5%~1.0%, the performance and cost of self-leveling mortar is best.
2) According to orthogonal design test, we obtained that: the best content of dispersible polymer powder (RE5011L), stabilizer (A1, A2) and defoamer (P808) is 1.5%, 0.05% and 0.6%; the dosage of is. The performance of Self-leveling mortar prepared in accordance with the mix proportion is much better than the standard JC/T985-2005《on the ground with cement-based self-leveling mortar》requirements and also fully meet the task requirements.
3) When the temperature is below 20℃, the humidity is beyond 70%, the mortar mix proportion under standard test conditions does not meet the preparation requirements. We need to adjust the mortar mix. Adjusted as follows: Portland cement from 60% to 75% adjusted to 75% to 80%, sulfur Cement from 10% to 15% adjusted to 5% to 10%, fly ash from 5% to 10% adjusted to 0 ~ 5%, slag from 15% to 20% adjusted to 10 to 15%, others as the same.
4) XRD and SEM analysis showed that: it generated ettringite in the hydration and hardening of self-leveling mortar. With age growth the number of ettringite increase, and the structure of self-leveling mortar continuously dense. If there exists lots of foam in the mortar, it would forme white CaCO3 on the surface of self-leveing mortar.
5) According to experimental research, we summarized the following aspects: the self-leveling mortar construction technology, technical measures and the question of the preparation of self-leveling mortar. These guide the engineering application of self-leveling mortar. The price self-leveling mortar is only 507 ~ 657 yuan / ton, so the economy is great.
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