摘要
本论文采用微波诱导催化工艺对两种典型的难降解废水进行了处理,这两种废水分别是印染废水中的酸性靛蓝废水和制药废水中的抗生素类废水。论文介绍了靛类染料废水和抗生素尾水的特点及危害,对两种废水的国内外研究进展进行了综述。
本文首先用微波诱导活性炭催化工艺对酸性靛蓝废水进行处理,采用单因素试验和正交试验进行研究,得出如下优化工艺参数：对100mL浓度为100mg/L酸性靛蓝溶液,当活性炭质量为1.5g,微波辐射时间为7分钟,功率为100%档时,可以达到98.79%的去除效率,而且各影响因素主次关系是：微波辐射时间>微波功率>活性炭质量。
对作为催化剂的活性炭进行了重复试验和再生研究,再生结果表明,再生后的活性炭重新作为微波催化剂使用,可以使酸性靛蓝出水提高10%以上的去除率。
然后对比了载FeSO4活性炭、载CuSO4活性炭和一般活性炭作微波催化剂时对抗生素尾水COD去除的差别,结果表明,负载FeSO4的活性炭作为催化剂的微波处理系统中对COD的去除率最高。接着采用微波诱导载FeSO4活性炭催化技术对抗生素尾水进行了处理,结果表明,增大载FeSO4活性炭质量,微波辐射时间和微波功率,均有利于抗生素尾水中COD的去除,但各影响因素的取值也不是越大越好。
对微波诱导载FeSO4活性炭催化工艺处理抗生素尾水进行反应动力学分析,结果显示,此过程近似一级反应,其动力学方程为：lnC=-0.1413t+5.4121,r=0.9876。反应动力学常数为：0.1413min-1。微波诱导载FeSO4活性炭催化工艺对污染物去除的机理在于活性炭的高温加速吸附和“微波热点”二者的共同作用。
论文的开展为难降解废水处理的新方法进行了有益的探索,同时拓宽了微波技术的应用范围。这些研究对难降解废水的处理具有重要的现实指导意义。
This article had treated two typical refractory wastewater using microwave induced catalytic process. The two types of wastewater were indigo carmine in dyeing wastewater and antibiotics in pharmaceutical wastewater. In this article, the characteristics and harm of indigo carmine and antibiotics wastewater were introduced, and this article also reviewed the development of the two types of wastewater research.
First, this article treated the wastewater of indigo carmine using microwave induced catalytic process. From ingle factor and orthogonal test adopting, this experiment attained the optimization process parameters as follows. To the 100mg/L indigo carmine 100ml, when the activated carbon quality was 5g, the microwave radiation seven minutes, and radiation power was 100%, the discoloration rate reached 98.79%. And all the factors influencing, microwave radiation time> microwave power> the activated carbon quality.
This article did repeated experimentation and regeneration research on the activated carbon as a catalyst. And the results indicated that, when activated carbon after regeneration as catalyst retreat indigo carmine, indigo carmine discoloration rate could increase 10%.
And then comparing activated carbon carried FeSO4 activated carbon carried CuSO4 and normal activated carbon as catalyst in microwave systems on tail water of the antibiotics. And the results indicated:activated carbon carried FeSO4 as microwave catalyst reached the highest COD discoloration rate. Then adopting activated carbon carried FeSO4 as catalyst in microwave induced catalytic process treated the tail water of the antibiotics. The results indicated:Increasing the quality of activated carbon carried FeSO4, microwave radiation time and power, the COD discoloration rate in tail water of the antibiotics increased also, but the value of influence factors was not the bigger the better.
This article did kinetic analysis in microwave induced activated carbon carried FeSO4 catalytic process on tail water of the antibiotics, the results indicated:this reaction process approximate the first order kinetics, and the kinetics equation is lnC=-0.1413t+5.4121, in this equation, r=0.9876, velocity constant is 0.1413min-1. The mechanism of microwave induced activated carbon carried FeSO4 catalytic process removing contaminants are accelerated absorption of activated carbon and "microwave hot".
This article is an exploring of new method in refractory wastewater, and widens the scope of microwave application. These studies possess important actual significance in refractory wastewater treatment.
引文
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