摘要
本文针对子母战斗部囊式抛撒系统,设计了一种高强度模压复合材料气囊,运用实验研究、数值模拟和理论分析相结合的手段,对气囊静态变形过程进行研究,并在此基础上对囊式抛撒系统整个内弹道和动态抛撒过程进行了全面系统地研究,为囊式抛撒系统的研制提供了重要参考和理论依据。主要研究内容如下：
1.研制了高强度模压织物增强复合材料气囊。通过对增强材料选择、结构设计与生产工艺改进等技术途径,研发了含织物增强内衬复合材料气囊,增强了气囊的承压能力。加工气囊试样并进行拉伸实验,分析了气囊材料的轴向拉伸力学性能,得到了气囊抗拉能力及其破坏规律,为该气囊的应用和研究提供了宝贵数据。
2.对复合材料气囊的静态性能进行实验研究。为了研究气囊的静态性能,设计了气囊静态实验系统,通过中央控制系统控制气囊静态充压过程,并借助于压力测试系统和图像采集系统记录气囊压力和形状变化过程,得到了气囊的静态承压能力,在此基础上对气囊进行高温、低温及温度冲击实验,然后再进行充压实验,分析气囊工作状态和承压能力的变化,为气囊的工厂化生产提供检验与考核依据。
3.数值模拟了复合材料气囊静态变形过程,并与实验进行对比,验证了数值方法的正确性和合理性。根据气囊材料,结合复合材料力学理论,用横观各向同性和Mooney-Rivlin本构关系来描述芳纶织物和橡胶材料,然后采用非线性有限元分析方法,基于LS-DYNA有限元软件,对气囊静态变形过程进行数值仿真,得到的结果与实验基本一致,并分析了气囊受力变形情况,对增加气囊承压能力,优化气囊结构设计具有实际参考价值。
4.开展了子母战斗部囊式抛撒系统内弹道和动态抛撒过程的实验研究。为了研究囊式抛撒系统的抛撒过程,针对囊式抛撒系统特点,设计了动态抛撒实验系统,实现了从点火药点燃开始,到抛放弹破膜,抛撒药在整个燃气发生器内燃烧,燃烧生成的高温高压气体充入气囊,气囊充气膨胀推动子弹运动,弹箍变形断裂,最后到子弹脱离气囊作用的整个内弹道和动态抛撒过程,通过获得的燃气发生器和气囊内压力、子弹和弹箍受力情况、子弹加速度等实验数据,详细的分析了囊式抛撒系统的抛撒过程,为子母战斗部的抛撒结构设计和抛撒技术研究提供实验基础。
5.建立了囊式抛撒系统抛撒过程的数值仿真模型。采用内弹道计算模型模拟火药燃烧和流动的过程,通过有限元的方法模拟抛撒系统内各部分间的相互作用,准确模拟了整个抛撒过程,对囊式抛撒系统的工程应用和理论研究方面具有重要的意义。
For the issue about explosive cluster warhead dispersion system, a kind of high strength and mould composite gasbag was designed. A novel method using experimental study, numerical simulation, and theory analysis was applied to investigate the characteristics of the static deformation process of gasbag. Based on this research the interior ballistic and dynamic dispersion processing of the gasbag dispersion system were analyzed. It also can supply important reference and theory basis for gasbag dispersion system research. The major works were done in this thesis as follows.
(1)The gasbag made by high strength and mould textile reinforced composite was designed. Through the structural design of reinforced material selection and production process improvement techniques such as approach, developed the high bearing pressure capacity of lining fabric reinforced composites gasbag. In order to analysis the gasbag axial tensile mechanical properties of materials, processed gasbag sample and tensile test, then tensile ability and failure law of the gasbag was obtained. The data are important for research and application of the gasbag.
(2)In order to study the static performance of the gasbag, a static experimental system was designed. Through the central control system controlled pressurized static process, with the aid of pressure test system and image collection system recorded the change of the gasbag pressure and deformation process, the static loading capability of the gasbag was obtained. Based on temperature shock test and pressurizing test, analyzed the gasbag working status and changes of loading capability. These results supply checking and verifying basis for gasbag factory production.
(3)The static deformation process of the composite gasbag was simulated. The computational solutions are well consistent with the experiment results which prove the numerical method are validity. Considered the material of the gasbag and combined with composite mechanical theory to describe the textile and rubber material through the relationship between transverse isotropy and Mooney-Rivlin constitutive relations. Based on LS-DYNA finite element software, by the method of nonlinear finite element analysis simulated and analyzed static deformation process. The computational results revealed the characteristics of process which were found to be good agreement with the experimental data. The results supply practical reference value for enhancing gasbag loading capability and optimizing gasbag structure design.
(4) The interior ballistics and dynamic dispersion process of explosive cluster warhead gasbag dispersion system were designed. A dynamic experimental platform was designed according to the characteristics of gasbag dispersion in order to research the process of gasbag dispersion system. This platform implements the whole interior ballistics and dynamic dispersion process from ignition power been ignited, then diaphragm breaking pressure and powder burn in entire gas generator, high-temperature and high-pressure gas flow into gasbag, gasbag inflation push sub-projectile motion, hoop steel broken and last sub-projectile detach from the gasbag. Some experimental data is obtained, such as internal pressure of gas generator and gasbag, force on the sub-projectile and hoop steel, and acceleration of sub-projectile. The research provides experimental basic for explosive cluster warhead dispersion structure design and dispersion technology research.
(5)The results of gasbag dispersion system were summed up to establish a numerical simulation model. Internal ballistic calculation model were adopted to simulate the process of powder burning and flow, through the finite element method to simulate the interaction between parts within the system. It has important significance for engineering application and theory research.
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