摘要
EDFA作为新一代光通信系统中的关键部件,给光纤通信和传输技术带来了一场革命。EDFA中最关键的是它工作时增益的稳定特性,对这些特性起着决定性作用的是EDFA中泵浦激光器的输出是否具有稳定性,这就要求在选择泵浦激光器的驱动电路时,要选择稳定性能强的电路。
本文针对EDFA的这一特性需求,对驱动电路的结构和性能进行研究和设计,研究重点恒流源电路作为泵浦激光器的驱动的改进设计,同时实现了基于FPGA的EDFA硬件电路的设计。
本论文的主要内容分为以下四个方面:
首先,介绍了目前光纤通信的发展状况,国内掺铒光纤放大器的研究情况,掺铒光纤放大器的在光纤通信中的作用和地位,本论文的内容和所承担的任务。
其次,介绍了EDFA的构成框架,EDFA的工作原理及结构组成,它主要包括光路部分和电路部分,简述了EDFA的光路结构组成和电路结构组成。第三,重点构建了EDFA中泵浦激光器驱动电路的整体电路结构图,泵浦激光器驱动电路结构有以下几部分组成:慢启动电路、纹波调节电路、过流保护电路、上电防冲击电路、恒流源电路、光电探测电路、温度控制电路,其中重点研究了恒流源电路作为泵浦激光器的驱动的改进设计,在Pspice环境下绘制驱动电路,并对所设计的电路进行直流扫描、瞬态、温度及噪声分析,从而验证所设计电路的准确性和可行性,将理论计算和模拟分析的结果进行比对,得到此设计电路能够更进一步提高驱动电路的稳定性,使泵浦激光器得到更加稳定的输出,仿真结果和理论分析基本一致。
最后,将研究设计的泵浦激光器驱动电路用在基于FPGA的带自动增益控制的EDFA中,利用FPGA处理复杂的时序方便的特点,结合PID算法,使得该电路具有结构简单、便于扩展、高可靠和易实现等特点,采用FPGA对泵浦激光器驱动电路进行硬件设计,增加了整个系统的可靠性,从而使驱动电源具有智能化程度高、抗干扰能力强、温度控制精度高、电源稳定度高、对激光器无损害等优点。
EDFA optical communication system as a new generation of key components, optical fiber communication and transmission technology to bring about a revolution. EDFA is its most critical work, the stability of the gain characteristics of these features play a decisive role in the EDFA pump laser is whether the stability of the output, which requires the selection of the drive circuit when the pump laser, to select Strong stability of the circuit.
In this paper, the characteristics of EDFA's demand for driver circuit structure and performance of research and design, research focused pump laser current source circuit as the driver of the improved design, while achieving the EDFA-based FPGA hardware design. The paper is divided into the following four areas:
First, the introduction of the current development of optical fiber communications, erbium-doped fiber amplifier domestic research situation, erbium-doped fiber amplifier in optical fiber communication in the role and status of the contents of this paper and the tasks undertaken.
Second, the composition of the framework introduced EDFA, EDFA's operating principle and structure of the composition, which includes optical parts and circuit parts, outlines the composition EDFA's optical structure and circuit structures.
And third, build the EDFA pump laser driver circuit in the overall circuit structure, the pump laser driver circuit structure has the following components: slow-start circuit, the ripple regulator circuit, over-current protection circuit, power anti-shock circuit , constant current source circuit, optical detection circuit, temperature control circuit, which focuses on the constant current source circuit as the pump laser drive improved design, drawn in Pspice environment, drive circuit, and the DC circuit designed scan transient, temperature and noise analysis to verify the accuracy and feasibility of the circuit design, the theoretical calculation and simulation to compare the results obtained in this design the circuit to further improve the driving stability of the circuit, so that the pump laser be more stable output, the simulation results and theoretical analysis is consistent.
Finally, the research design of the pump laser driver circuit used in FPGA-based automatic gain control EDFA with, the use of FPGA to handle complex timing and convenient features, combined with PID algorithm, making the circuit has a simple, scalable, highly reliable easy to achieve such characteristics, the pump laser driver circuit on FPGA hardware design, increase the reliability of the whole system, so that drive power with high intelligence, anti-interference ability, high precision temperature control, high power stability on the laser without damage and so on.
引文
[1]杨祥林.光纤通信系统[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2001:10-16..
[2]顾畹仪,李国瑞.光纤通信系统[M].北京:北京邮电大学出版社,1999:23-25.
[3] L.G.卡佐夫斯基,张肇仪.光纤通信系统[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,1999:13-25.
[4] Xu ZHANG,Demin LlU,Hairon LlU.High-power EDFA applied in distributed optical fiber Raman emperature sensor system[J].Front. Optoelectron,2009,2(2):210-214.
[5]张进宏,吴重庆.智能控制掺饵光纤放大器的研制[J].北京交通大学学报,2006,30(6):46-48.
[6]贾文超,李娟娟,刘增俊等.一种基于单片机的半导体激光器电源控制系统的设计[J].现代电子技术,2008,5:190-200.
[7]张明熙.新型的半导体激光器保护电路[J].应用激光,2006,2:119-121.
[8]林冉.数字式掺铒光纤放大器驱动源的设计与研制[D].天津:天津大学,2004.
[9]杨明伟,许文海,顾慧萍.融入FPGA技术的半导体激光器功率-电流-电压测试系统[J].光电子·激光,2005,16(3):345-347.
[10]丛梦龙,李黎,崔艳松等.控制半导体激光器的高稳定度数字化驱动电源的设计[J].2010,18(7):1630-1634.
[11]韩娇.基于自动增益控制掺饵光纤放大器的研究[D].武汉:武汉理工大学,2008.
[12]吴丽波,王庆斌.基于负反馈理论的半导体激光器驱动器的设计与仿真实验研究[J].吉林工程技术师范学院学报,2007,23(12):78-80.
[13]许文海,杨明伟,朱炜.基于FPGA技术的半导体激光器驱动电源的研制[J].红外与激光工程,2005,34(3):369-371.
[14]叶卫东,曹照连.基于FPGA的数据采集系统设计[J].现代电子技术,2005,24:112-113.
[15]于水婧,基于FPGA的半导体激光器驱动电源的设计[D].吉林:吉林大学,2010.
[16]贾文超,刘增俊,李娟娟等.基于FPGA的半导体激光器驱动电源的设计[J].气象水文海洋仪器,2008,3:49-51..
[17]王伟.基于AGC技术的EDFA自动功率控制研究[D].长春:长春理工大学,2009.
[18]廖天奎.掺饵光纤放大器自动增益控制电路研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2004.
[19]刘伟,金秀慧,胡晓花.掺饵光纤放大器泵浦激光器驱动电源的设计[J].临沂师范学院学报,2007,29(3):190-191.
[20]范珩.半导体激光器驱动器单元电路的仿真实验方法研究[D].吉林:吉林大学,2005.
[21]何成林.半导体激光器驱动电路设计.科学技术与工程[J].2009,9(21):6533-6535.
[22]宋照华.半导体激光器的研究与设计[D].北京:中国地质大学.2010.
[23] O.Touayar,N.Sifi,J.Ben Brahim..Theoretical and experimental study of power radiometric measurements using a pyroelectric current integrator converter. Sensors and Actuators A[J].2007, 135:484-491.
[24] Emanuele Bottino,Paolo Massobrio.Low-noise low-power CMOS preamplier for multisite extracellular neuronal recordings.Microelectronics Journal[J].2009,40:1779-1787.
[25]杨永才等.光电信息技术[M].上海:东华大学出版社,2002.
[26] O.Touayar,N.Sifi,T.Ktari,J.Bastiet.Experimental evaluation of a pyroelectric detector linearity used for pulsed laser energy absolute measuremen.Sensors and Actuators A[J]. 2005,120:482-489.
[27]赵雅兴. Pspice与电子器件模型[M].北京:北京邮电大学出版社,2004.
[28]李永安,陈景文.双运放电压模式二阶通用滤波器的实现[J].电了测量技术,2007,30(3):39-41.
[29]闫学昆,刘明健等.基于ORCAD/ PSPICE的电荷灵敏前置放大器仿真分析[J].核电子学与探测技术,2006,26(4):500-503.
[30] Naoki Sugimoto .Erbium doped fiber and highly non-linear fiber basedon bismuth oxide glasses. Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids[J].2008,34:1205-1208.
[31] Haruo Nakaji,Yoshiharu Nakai,Masayuki Shigematsu. Superior high-speed automatic gain controlled erbium-doped fiber amplifiers[J].Optical FiberTechnology,2003,9,26-34.
[32] Chun-Liu Zhao,Hwa-Yaw Tam,Bai-Ou Guan.Optical automatic gain control of EDFA using two oscillating lasers in a single feedback loop[J]. Optics Communications ,2003, 225:158-162..
[33] M.S. Zainal Abidin,A.W. Naji·M.H,Al-MansooriF.R.Optimisation of remotely-pumped edfa location for unrepeatered transmission systems[J].Electr Eng,,2007,89:349-352.