摘要
统一潮流控制器是灵活交流输电系统中最有吸引力的一种补偿器，它集多种功能于一身，能对电力线路上的阻抗，相角及有功和无功进行控制，具有很强的灵活性。矩阵变换器是一种直接交-交变频器，它具有输入功率因数可调、输出电压可调、能量可双向流动等优点，将它应用在统一潮流控制器中成为了目前电力电子研究的一个热点。
论文先对传统双向9开关矩阵变换器的拓扑结构、换流问题和控制策略进行了分析，然后对一种新型的矩阵变换器——电压源型矩阵变换器进行了深入的研究。论文首先建立了电压源型矩阵变换器在三相坐标系和旋转坐标系下的数学模型，并对其开关调制矩阵进行研究，分析结果表明电压源型矩阵变换器既能对输出电压的幅值、相位和频率进行控制，还能对输入功率因数进行调整，起着静态无功补偿器的作用。按照电压源型矩阵变换器的控制要求，论文提出了双闭环控制结构，即由目标控制外环和电流控制内环组成，外环根据被控对象的控制目标而具体设定，电流控制内环能够改善电流的谐波特性和动态响应特性。将电流控制电压源型逆变器的滞环控制策略推广应用到电压源型矩阵变换器中来，得到其具体的控制模型。仿真结果表明变换器的输出电压和输入电流都为正弦波，减少了输出谐波分量，提高了输入电流品质，加快了变换器的动态响应过程。论文最后研究了电压源型矩阵变换器作为统一潮流控制器(UPFC)的一种实现方案，建立了电压源型矩阵变换器实现潮流控制的数学模型和控制结构，分析了它的工作原理，并且讨论了变换器中谐波的抑制方法。仿真结果验证了电压源型矩阵变换器实现统一潮流控制器的可行性与正确性。
Unified power flow controller (UPFC), a typical and the most flexible controller of FACTS, could control the impedance, angle, and the real and reactive power flow of transmission line. Matrix converter is a direct AC-AC converter, which has competitive advantages that intput powe factor could be controlled, output voltage could be adjusted, and power could flow bi-directionally. Applying matrix converter in unified power flow controller is a focal research at present.
This paper introduces the traditional bi-directional-nine-switch matrix converter about the circuit topology, safe switch control and converter control approaches, and then analyzes a novel voltage-source matrix converter deeply. Firstly, the mathematical models of voltage-source matrix converter in a-b-c coordinate system and d-q-0 coordinate system are set up. The analysis results on its switch modulate matrix indicate that the amplitude, phase and frequency of output voltage and input fundamental displacement factor of this converter could be controlled freely. Sequentially, a double closed-loop structure, which is composed of the outer object control loop and the inner current control loop, is presented to satisfy the control goals of voltage-source matrix converter. Applying the hysteresis current control strategy of current control voltage-source inverter in the voltage-source matrix converter, the whole control structure could be achieved. Simulation results show that input signal and the output signa
l are both sinusoidal, and they also indicate that the double closed-loop structure could reduce output harmonious waves, improve the current quality and speed converter dynastic response. In the last chapter, the UPFC performed by voltage-source matrix converter is studied. Its mathematics model and control structure are set up, and its operation principle is analyzed. Furthermore, the method of harmonious waves elimination of the converter is discussed. Simulation results verify that that the voltage-source matrix converter acts as UPFC in power ystem is feasible and correct.
引文
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