摘要
本论文根据直接转矩控制理论,设计了一种适于全速范围的定子磁链u-n观测模型的直接转矩控制系统方案。定子磁链u-n观测方法采用现代控制理论中模型参考自适应方法。针对系统设计方案利用Matlab/simulink软件在两相静止坐标系下根据电机等效电路模型建立了磁链观测器、转矩观测器、磁链调节器、转矩调节器具体算法并进行了仿真。对低速工况下定子圆形磁链控制和转矩控制方法进行了研究;同时对高速工况下定子正六边形磁链控制和转矩控制进行了研究,并根据在逆变器最高开关频率允许范围内,比较分析不同开关频率下直接转矩控制的性能,确定转矩控制有效开关频率范围。由于六边形磁链在低速时存在畸变现象,因此根据圆形磁链控制切换到六边形磁链控制时保持磁链幅值不变的原则,得出了不同开关频率下磁链切换时的所需的最低速度。仿真结果表明该系统能够较好地对磁链和转矩进行控制,系统有良好的动态性和稳态性,说明了直接转矩控制系统设计方案的正确性和可行性。
同时利用DSP作为控制器,针对三相逆变器控制电路和驱动电路进行设计,具体电路设计包括电流电压信号采集处理电路设计、光电编码器信号采集处理电路设计、PWM驱动电路设计,从而设计出一种利用DSP技术的直接转矩控制硬件系统。并在CCS2.2环境下,对直接转矩控制的部分算法进行了软件设计。
The paper designs a kind of direct torque control system scheme which uses u-n stator flux observer model according to the direct torque control theory. This model is suitable for full speed. The u-n stator flux observer model uses model reference adaptive method according to the modern control theory. According to the system design scheme, the paper builds motor model under the two phase static coordinate using Matlab/simulink soft, and sets up the direct torque control simulation system which includes flux observer simulation model, torque observer simulation model, flux regulator simulation model, torque regulator simulation model according to motor's equivalent circuit. The paper researches the flux and torque of circular flux control at low speed, also studies the flux and torque of regular hexagon flux control at high speed. And according to inverter highest switching frequency permission scope, the paper analysis direct torque control performance at different switching frequency and defines effective switching frequency scope of the torque control. Because hexagon flux has the distorted phenomena at low speed, therefore according to the principle of flux value maintains invariable, we need to get the minimum speed when the circular flux handovers hexagon flux at different switching frequency. The simulation result indicated this system can control flux and torque well, the system has the good dynamic and stable state, it explains proposal accuracy and the feasibility of the direct torque control system design.
At the same time, the paper takes DSP as a controller to design control circuit and driving circuit of three-phase inverter. The concrete circuit design includes voltage and current signal sampling and processing circuit design, photoelectric encoder signal sampling and processing circuit design, PWM drive circuit design, Thus the paper designs a kind of direct torque control hardware system using the DSP technology. The paper carries on the software design to the partial algorithm of the direct torque control under the CCS2.2 environment.
引文
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