摘要
单级功率因数校正(PFC)技术把PFC变换器和DC/DC变换器结合在一起,共用一个开关管和一套控制电路,能够实现输入电流的整形和输出电压的快速调节。具有结构简单、成本低等优点,适合多种场合的应用。为了节约成本,在低功率应用领域中,PFC技术越来越受到了人们的关注。
本文研究有源箝位正激式单级PFC变换器。首先对无源PFC技术、有源两级PFC技术和有源单级PFC技术进行了分析和对比,指出了它们各自的优、缺点和适用范围,其次,分析了有源箝位正激式单级PFC变换器拓扑结构各个工作模态的工作过程,同时提出该变换器的控制原理及控制方法。再次,借助Saber软件对系统的若干关键部分进行了仿真分析。通过对主电路拓扑结构进行稳态工作时的仿真,控制电路的仿真,以及延时与驱动电路的仿真,分析其工作过程和工作波形,验证了理论分析的正确性与可行性。然后,设计了一台试验样机,分别从主电路,控制电路,延时与驱动电路等部分进行设计,给出各部分主要元件参数设计的计算方法以及主要元件的具体选型;同时给出变换器设计主要部分的电路原理图。最后,对变换器PWM驱动波形,主开关管DS、GS波形,变压器次边波形,输入电压与输入电流波形,输出电压波形等进行实验测试。通过实测波形,验证了理论分析及仿真分析的正确性。随后分别测试了样机的功率因数、效率、输入调整率、负载调整率等性能指标,并对谐波进行了分析,测试结果表明了样机的性能指标符合设计要求。
A single-stage power factor correction(PFC) converter is combined by the PFC stage and a DC/DC converter into one stage with shared switch and controller,They can be improved by the input current shape and regulate the output voltage rapidly. It is suitable for the application of a variety of occasions because of the advantage of simple structure and low cost.To reduce the component counts and the cost, the PFC techniques have been attracted more and more attention.
A prototype of single-stage PFC based on active clamp forward converter is taken as an example in the paper.Firstly,the passive PFC approach, the active two-stage PFC approach and the active single-stage PFC approach are analyzed and compared. The virtues, defects and the scope of application of them are point out. Then, the operation process of various working mode of the single-stage PFC based on active clamp forward converter is analyzed in detail.The control principle and control method of the converter are introduced at the same time. Then, with the help of simulation software Saber,several key parts of the system are simulated. Through the steady-state simulation of the topology structure of the main circuit,simulation of timing of control signal and simulation of the time-lapse and drive circuit,the correctness and feasibility of the theoretical analysis is verified. Then, A prototype of single-stage PFC based on active clamp forward converter is designed,separately from the main circuit, control circuit, time-lapse and drive circuit and other parts of the design.The calculation method of parameter of the major components and the specific selection of the main components are given in the paper.The circuit schematics of the main parts of the prototype are also given.Then, by the testing of PWM drive waveform, the main MOSEFT waveform of DS and GS, the second side waveform of transformer,the input voltage and input current waveform and the output voltage waveform, the correctness of the theoretical analysis and simulation analysis are verified.Finally,the power factor,efficiency,input regulation and load regulation are tested respectively, and the harmonics are analyzed, that the performance index of the prototype achieve the design requirements is proved.
引文
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