摘要
本文以国家自然科学基金“基于网络热力学建模的潜油电泵机组温度软测量方法研究”(50877016)为基础,针对我国各大油田开采后期普遍存在的高温高压问题,基于潜油电机的无传感器温度辨识,进行高含沙高含气条件下潜油电机的智能配电研究。通过推导转子槽谐波与潜油电机温升之间的数学机理,为构建潜油电机实时温度监测系统奠定了理论分析基础。设计辨识温度与变频器供电闭环控制系统,为实现潜油电机节能及稳定高效运行智能配电控制提供了理论参考。本文的主要内容如下:
研究基于快速傅立叶变换获取潜油电机定子电流频谱的方法,给出转子槽谐波与潜油电机转速之间的变化机理。根据三相感应电机在ABC坐标系和αβ坐标系下的电机定转子模型以及二者之间的转换关系,为无传感器温度辨识系统奠定了理论基础。
建立了ABC坐标系转化到αβ坐标系的三相感应电机数学模型,利用辅助渐消记忆最小二乘递推算法完成潜油电机的参数辨识,通过仿真验证快速傅立叶分析结果的精度;为实现基于转子槽谐波分析的潜油电机温度辨识奠定了算法分析基础。
设计以工控机和数据采集卡为核心的硬件平台,对电机进行了不同转速、不同负载下的电机温度辨识。搭建了以DSP2812为控制中心的辨识系统,并用其实现了在线温度辨识与过热保护控制,验证高温过热条件下潜油电机温度辨识与变频降速控制系统的正确性性。
应用SolidWorks软件建立了潜油电机及其铠装电缆的三维模型,基于Ansys Workbench中,实现了潜油电机温度场的数学推导,并在一定程度上对长线铠装电缆温度场摄动进行研究;有限元计算温度与实验平台实测温度相印证,可验证本潜油电机温度辨识系统的准确性。
This paper is based on National Natural Science Foundation project“Temperature Soft-sensing for Submersible Motor Based on Network Thermodynamic”(50877016), focusing on the common problem of high temperature and high pressure in the oil field of China, research on the smart power supply of the submersible motor in the environment where filled with sand and gas via sensorless temperature estimation. By conducing the mathematical mechanism between rotor slot harmonics and submersible motor temperature, make the foundation of real-time temperature monitoring system of submersible motor. Design the closed-loop control system of temperture estimation and converter power supply, servering as theoretical reference of submersible motor energy efficient operation of intelligent power distribution and stability control. The main content is as follow:
Research on the method of obtaining the frequency spectrum of the stator current according to FFT. Give the relation between the speed of motor and rotor slot harmonics. Deduce the least square method based on motor modeling in ABC coordinate andαβcoordinate.
Build the three phase induction motor model in ABC coordinate and transfer it toαβcoordinate. Use the least square method to estimate the submersible parameter. Verify the result of FFT. Lay the basis for identification of submersible motor based on rotor slot harmonics.
Design the hardware platform, which is featured by IPC and PCI. Identify the motor temperature in different speed and different load. Building the monitoring system by DSP2812 and realize the real-time temperature estimate and protection on overheat, verifys the accuracy of submersible motor temperature identification and frequency droop control system under the condition of overheat.
Establish three-dimensional submersible motor and armored cable model by solid works and import it into Ansys Workbench. Achieve the Mathematical deduction on the temperature field of submersible motor. Analyze the temperature field of the motor. Thus verify the accuracy of this temperature monitoring system.
引文
[1]傅永峰.软测量建模方法研究及其工业应用[D].杭州:浙江大学博士学位论文,2007:1-4.
[2]李永博,孙瑜.软测量在电石生产中的应用[J].工业控制计算机,2005, 18(2):49-50.
[3]熊志化,张继承,邵惠鹤.基于高斯过程的软测量建模[J].系统仿真学报, 2005,17(4):793-794.
[4]操小明.粗集-支持向量机方法的软测量应用研究[D].重庆:重庆大学硕士学位论,2006:1-7.
[5]俞金寿.软测量技术及其应用[J].自动化仪表,2008,29(1):1-7.
[6]李嘉光,郭少斌,陈朝玉.大庆油田资源量增长趋势及其主控因素解析[J].地学前沿,2009,16(6):379-383.
[7] Verma, V. Singh, B. Chandra, A. Al-Haddad, et al. Power Conditioner for Variable-Frequency Drives in Offshore Oil Fields[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications,2010,46(2):731-739.
[8]王志海.基于DSP的潜油电机节能控制器的研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨理工大学硕士学位论文,2008:1-9.
[9] Xiaodong Liang, Faried, S.O., Ilochonwu, O.. Subsea Cable Applications in Electrical Submersible Pump Systems [J]. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications,2010,46(2):575-583.
[10]刘成.大功率潜油电机的研制[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨理工大学硕士学位论文, 2008:1-8.
[11]范广玲.有限元法在潜油电机电磁场计算中的应用[D].长春:吉林大学硕士学位论文,2006:1-8.
[12] Xiaodong Liang, Lim, J.. Induction Motor Starting in Practical Industrial Applications[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications,2011,47(1): 271-280.
[13] Jankowski T.A., Prenger F.C., Hill D.D., et al. Development and Validation of a Thermal Model for Electric Induction Motors[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industry Electronics,2010,57(12):4043-4054.
[14]魏秦文,张茂,郭咏梅.潜油电机驱动采油技术的发展[J].石油矿场机械,2007,36(7):1-7.
[15] Metwally I.A., Gastli, A.. Factors affecting transient overvoltages of electric submersible pumps [J]. IEEE Potentials,2006,25(5):13-17.
[16]刘晓红.潜油电泵电机无速度传感器速度检测的研究[D].沈阳:沈阳工业大学硕士学位论文,2005:1-10.
[17] Niewczas P., Dziuda L., Fusiek G.. Design and evaluation of a preprototype hybrid fiber-optic voltage sensor for a remotely interrogated condition monitoring system[J]. IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, 2005,54(4):1560-1564.
[18]周瑞华.潜油电机的发热与散热分析[J].胜利油田师范专科学校校报, 2004,28(4):93-94.
[19]汤蕴璆,史乃.电机学[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2005:125-226.
[20]龚远栋.异步电机矢量控制下的电机参数辨识[D].上海:上海交通大学硕士学位论文,2010:20-29.
[21]牛文杰.异步电机参数辨识方法的研究[D].天津:天津大学硕士学位论文,2008:1-5.
[22] Bang Hong Zhang, Ning Hua Zhu, Wei Han, et al. Development of Swept Frequency Method for Measuring Frequency Response of Photodetectors Based on Harmonic Analysis[J]. IEEE Photonics Technology Letters,2009, 21(7):459-461.
[23] Shirazi M., Morroni J., Dolgov A., et al. Integration of Frequency Response Measurement Capabilities in Digital Controllers for DC–DC Converters [J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2008, 23(5):2524-2535.
[24] Satish L., Saravanakumar A.. Identification of Terminal Connection and System Function for Sensitive Frequency Response Measurement on Transformers[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2008,23(2):742-750.
[25]刘蜀宁.异步电机参数的在线辨识研究[D].成都:四川大学硕士学位论文,2001:6-27.
[26]王晓娟.带定子电阻辨识的感应电动机DTC系统的研究[D].长沙:湖南大学硕士学位论文,2007:34-35.
[27] Hong Y., Yang O.W.W.. Design of Adaptive PI Rate Controller for Best-Effort Traffic in the Internet Based on Phase Margin[J]. IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems,2007,18(4):550-561.
[28] Shahnazi R., Shanechi H.M., Pariz N.. Position Control of Induction and DC Servomotors: A Novel Adaptive Fuzzy PI Sliding Mode Control[J]. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion,2008,23(1):138-147.
[29] Hernandez-Gomez M., Ortega R., Lamnabhi-Lagarrigue F., et al. Adaptive PI Stabilization of Switched Power Converters[J]. IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology,2010,18(3):688-698.
[30]史增树.异步电机无速度传感器矢量控制系统研究[D].成都:西南交通大学硕士学位论文,2006:3-5.
[31]王瑞婷.感应电机的转速估计及参数辨识策略研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学硕士学位论文,2010:15-19.
[32] Kamalasadan S. Ghandakly A.A.. Multiple Fuzzy Reference Model Adaptive Controller Design for Pitch-Rate Tracking[J]. IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement,2007,56(5):1797-1808.
[33] Kuo-Kai Shyu, Ming-Ji Yang, Yen-Mo Chen, et al. Model Reference Adaptive Control Design for a Shunt Active-Power-Filter System[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2008,55(1):97-106.
[34] Simon D.. Kalman filtering with state constraints: a survey of linear and nonlinear algorithms[J]. IET Control Theory & Applications,2010,4(8): 1303-1318.
[35] Su Wang, Chuin-Mu Wang, Mann-Li Chang, et al. Applications of Kalman Filtering to Single Hyperspectral Signature Analysis[J]. IEEE Sensors Journal, 2010,10(3):547-563.
[36]刘祖全.基于卡尔曼滤波算法的永磁同步电机无速度传感器控制研究[D].济南:山东大学硕士学位论文,2009:25-30.
[37]周熙炜.基于扩展卡尔曼滤波算法的异步电机参数辨识[D].西安:西安理工大学,2003:2-11.
[38] Kabir H., Ying Wang, Ming Yu, et al. High-Dimensional Neural-Network Technique and Applications to Microwave Filter Modeling[J]. IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques,2010,58(1):145-156.
[39] Hongmei He, Zhenhuan Zhu, Makinen, E.. A Neural Network Model to Minimize the Connected Dominating Set for Self-Configuration of Wireless Sensor Networks[J]. IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks,2009,20(6): 973-982.
[40] Hu X., Wang J.. An Improved Dual Neural Network for Solving a Class of Quadratic Programming Problems and Its -Winners-Take-All Application[J]. IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks,2008,19(12):2022-2031.
[41]汤蕴璆,史乃.电机学[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2005:125-226.
[42]王宝祥.信号与系统[M].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学出版社,2005:273-278.
[43] Zhi Gao, Thomas G..Habetler, Ronald G. Harley, et al. A Sensorless Rotor Temperature Estimator for Induction Machines Based on a Current Harmonic Spectral Estimation Scheme[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2008,55(1):407-416.
[44] Todd A. Jankowski, F.Coyne Prenger, Dallas D.Hill, et al. Development and Validation of a Thermal Model for Electric Induction Motors[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2010,57(12):4043-4054.
[45] Liang Sun, Shuiwang Ji, Jieping Ye. Canonical Correlation Analysis for Multilabel Classification: A Least-Squares Formulation, Extensions, and Analysis[J]. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 2011,33(1):194-200.
[46] Kar-Ann Toh, How-Lung Eng. Between Classification-Error Approximation and Weighted Least-Squares Learning[J]. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence,2008,30(4):658-669.
[47] Ghoreyshi A., Galiana H.L.. Simultaneous Identification of Oculomotor Subsystems Using a Hybrid System Approach: Introducing Hybrid Extended Least Squares[J]. IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, 2010,57(5):1089-1098.
[48] Junlin Yan, Tiberius, Teunissen, et al. A Framework for Low Complexity Least-Squares Localization With High Accuracy[J]. IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing,2010,58(9):4836-4847.
[49]张伟.无转速传感器异步电机矢量控制系统控制方法的研究[D].杭州:浙江大学博士学位论文,2001:44-45,48-51.
[50]吴广玉,范钦义,姜复兴等.系统辨识与只适应控制[M].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学出版社,1999:118-124.
[51] IEEE Standard Test Procedure for Polyphase Induction Motors and Generators[S]. 2004:7-9.