羧甲基纤维素钠(CMC)对葡萄酒酒石稳定性的研究
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摘要
本实验对羧甲基纤维素钠(CMC)在模拟酒和葡萄酒中的作用效果、影响其效果的因素、使用方法、对葡萄酒感官品质和理化指标的影响及其作用机理作了系统研究,结果发现:
    在供试样品中,型号为FL100的CMC稳定效果最好,其粘度(mpa/s) 为85,取代度(D.S)1.0,纯度≥99%,食品级;测定了添加200 mg/L CMC的模拟酒冷处理后沉淀量,发现CMC的作用效果不受酒度、pH、离心、过滤等因素的影响。
    低于200mg/L的用量不影响葡萄酒的过滤,对葡萄酒的感官品质和理化指标无影响;CMC对葡萄酒色素稳定无效,因此添加CMC时,葡萄酒必须经过澄清。使用时先用20~50倍的水浸泡12h使之完全溶解,在葡萄酒澄清处理后到最后一次过滤之前添加;建议用量为干红葡萄酒不超过200mg/L,干白葡萄酒略低。
    CMC的作用机理可能是参与维持了葡萄酒中的平衡状态,并与已经形成的酒石酸盐形成了一种复合物。对酒石酸氢钾,这种复合物长期稳定存于葡萄酒中,但对酒石酸钙,这种复合物一旦形成就会很快沉淀下来,未形成的钙盐将会保持长时间的平衡而稳定。
    
    CMC添加工艺流程图:
The effects of CMC on tartaric stability of wines were studied. The results show that proper viscosity coefficient of CMC on tartaric stability is less than 100 mpa-s,and the degree of substitute (D.S) is more than 1.0. The addition doses of low CMC on a variety of different wines gives rise to a low and long-lasting tartaric stability,not affected by heat,bunching ,filtration and also without organoleptic effects.
    CMC has no influences on the filtering, the taste and the indicating of wine if the usage is less than 200mg/L.The wine should be clarified before adding CMC because it has no effect on the stabilization of wine pigment. CMC should be added to the wine after absolutely dissolving in 12h with 20~50 times water when the wine is clarifying before last time filtering. No more than 200mg/L CMC for dry red wine is suggested and the amount for dry white wine is a little less than for dry red wine.
    The mechanism maybe is that CMC take part in the reaction of the wine and forming composite with tartaric. The composite with potassium bitartrate can stabilize in wine but the composite with calcium tartarte precipitate mostly.
    
    The flow chart of techniques on using CMC:
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