摘要
针对现有镍冶炼含镉污酸处理工艺中存在的流程长、处理后出水中镉离子浓度难以达到《铜、镍、钴工业污染物排放标准》（GB25467-2010）的问题，以城市生活污水处理厂脱水污泥为原料，通过制备方法筛选，制备得到了碱改性污泥吸附剂与碱提取聚合物吸附剂两类用于吸附去除水中镉离子的吸附剂，考察了该两大类吸附剂吸附水中镉离子的吸附效能，探讨了其吸附机理，并开展了脱水污泥吸附剂处理镍冶炼企业含镉污酸的应用研究。研究表明，碱改性污泥吸附剂的Cd~(2+)饱和吸附容量可达0.966mmol/g，吸附剂对水中Cd~(2+)的吸附主要是由于镉钙离子交换、静电吸附与羧基络合作用所导致的。碱提取聚合物吸附剂的Cd~(2+)饱和吸附容量可达1.022mmol/g，其吸附机理主要为羧基的络合作用。采用石灰中和沉淀法与脱水污泥吸附剂吸附相结合处理镍冶炼企业污酸，处理后出水中Cd~(2+)、Ni~(2+)、Cu~(2+)浓度低于《铜、镍、钴工业污染物排放标准》（GB25467-2010）中排放浓度限值。
In order to solve the problem in treatment process of nickel smelting acid wastewatercontaining cadmium, such as long treatment procedure, the residual cadmium ion concentrationafter treatment is hard to reach the demand of discharge limit(GB25467-2010), two kind ofadsorbent, including alkali modified sewage sludge adsorbent and alkali extract polymer adsorbent,were prepared with dewater sewage sludge through the screening of preparation method. Thecadmium adsorption capacity of these two adsorbents was determined, and the cadmiumadsorption mechanism of adsorbents was studied as well. The adsorbent made from dewatersewage sludge was used in the treatment of nickel smelting acid wastewater containing cadmium,and the operation condition was investigated. The results show that the maximum cadmiumadsorption capacity of alkali modified sewage sludge adsorbent is0.966mmol/g, the adsorptionmechanism of this adsorbent was the comprehensive effect of ion exchange, electrostatic attractionand carboxyl group complexation. The maximum cadmium adsorption capacity of alkali extractpolymer adsorbent is1.022mmol/g, the main adsorption mechanism of this adsorbent was ionexchange effect of cadmium and calcium ion. The adsorbent combined with lime neutralizationmethod was applied to the treatment of nickel smelting acid wastewater containing cadmium, theresidual cadmium, copper and nickel ion concentration of effluent can reach the discharge limit ofGB25467-2010.
引文
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