摘要
本文以道路绿带为研究对象,重在研究道路绿带秋季景观设计的相关内容。在充分查阅文献及了解道路绿带的相关概念、发展历程及国内外研究概况的基础上。展开研究。
本文结合实地调查,研究道路绿带秋季特色景观植物类型及植物配置的方式等内容,结合相关理论研究,总结道路绿带秋季景观设计的依据和原则,探讨各种道路绿带秋季景观设计要点,提出营造道路绿带秋季景观的常见植物配置模式,最终形成了以下一些结论:
本论文主要研究成果如下:
(1)辨析道路绿带相关概念。并对目前常用的“行道树”、“道路绿地”、“道路绿带”等相似概念之间的区别与联系进行研究探讨,为本研究理清了思路。
(2)总结秋季植物类型。针对秋季景观特色,依据观赏部位,将秋季植物分为秋季观叶植物、秋季观花植物、秋季观果植物、秋季观干枝植物和秋季观姿植物五类。列举各个类型常用植物.有侧重地对叶色、花色、果色、干枝色及适用地进行了详细地列表描述。同时,总结了各个类型中常用作秋季行道树的植物种类,为秋季道路绿带植物造景提供工作基础。
(3)在实地调查的基础上,将道路绿带秋季景观植物配置形式,按照平面布局形式分为规则式、自然式及混合式三种形式;按照垂直结构层次,分为单层植物配置和复层植物配置(?)种形式。分别对比分析几种植物配置形式的不同特点,为探讨道路绿带秋季景观设计模式提供参考。
(4)将道路绿带分为分车绿带、行道树绿带和路侧绿带三类,分别阐述各类道路绿带秋季景观设计的基本要求,提出适合各类道路绿带营造秋季景观的一些典型植物配置模式,并附以实例照片加以阐述说明。
(5)探讨了在道路绿带秋季景观设计中可以应用不对称设计,体现人文关怀,开拓了设计思路。
The paper regards road greenbelt as the research object, focusing on the relevant content on autumn landscape design of road greenbelt. Based on its content concept and present situation of research, the research is carried on.
The research combines theory research with on-the-spot investigation. First of all, it carries on an overall investigation in four different cities by a typical survey, the purpose is to summarize types of autumn plants and to arrange them. Then, based on theories of Garden Aesthetics, Colour Theory, Ecology, Landscape and Architecture, Environment Behavior science, it reaches to some design principles, and presents some main design points and several kinds of design pattern about the autumn landscape of road greenbelt.
The main results are as follows.
First, the correlative terms are discriminated, such as 'Roadside trees', 'Road green space' and 'Road greenbelt'.
Second, many kinds of autumn landscape plants are summarized. According to their ornamental parts, autumn landscape plants can be divided into five categories, autumn color-leafed plants, autumn color-branched plants, autumn fruit landscape plants, autumn flowers landscape plants and autumn posture landscape plants.
Third, based on investigation, the plane layout of plant arrangement on road greenbelt is divided into three styles, which are formal plant arrangement style, natural plant arrangement style and mixed plant arrangement style. The vertical structure of plant arrangement on road greenbelt is divided into two styles, which are single-layer plant arrangement and multi-layer plant arrangement. The paper analyzed and contrasted the characteristic and planting styles about these kinds of road greenbelt by each other.
Fourth, road greenbelt is devided to three styles, which are dividing stripe greenbelt, sidewalk greenbelt and roadside greenbelt. The paper has expounded general greening design points and elaborated design styles about the three types of road greenbelt.
At last, the author thinks that symmetrical plant arrangement design should be used in autumn landscape of road greenbelt design, which reflects the concern of humanity.
引文
[1]杨先芬.园林观赏与花卉文化[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2005.
[2]陈有名.园林树木学[M].北京:中国林业出版社,1988.
[3]蒋全民.园林中的植物季相景观[J].四川草原,2004,(2):54.
[4]卢圣,侯芳梅.植物造景[M].北京:气象出版社,2004.
[5]中华人民共和国国家标准(CJJ75-97),城市道路绿化规划与设计规范[S].
[6]朱仁元,金涛.城市道路·广场植物造景[M].沈阳:辽宁科学技术出版社,2003.
[7]林青.试论城市街道绿化形成的发展[J].海南大学学报,1999,17(3):274-277.
[8][日]土木学会;章俊华等译.道路景观设计[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2003.
[9]Tastasumi Karneno etc.Landscape Evaluation of Sidewalk Planting from Pedestrian point of View[J].School of Architecture and Planning Anna University,2002.
[10]Assenna Todorova etc.Preferences for and Attitudes towards Street Flowers and Trees in Sapporo,Japan[J].Elsevier Science B.V.,2004.
[11]K.F.Akbar.Assessment of Scenic Beauty of the Roadside Vegetation in Northern English[J].Landscape and Urban Planning,2003,(63):139-144.
[12]Todd J.Hawkaker.Roads and Landscape Pattern in Northern Wisconsin Based on a Comparison of Four Road Data Sources[J].Conservation Biology,2004,18(5):1233-1244.
[13]苏雪痕.植物造景[M].北京:中国林业出版社,1994.
[14]刘滨谊.城市道路景观规划设计[M].南京:东南大学出版社,2002.
[15]王浩,谷康,赵岩,等.城市道路绿地景观设计[M].南京:东南大学出版社,1999.
[16]王浩,谷康,孙新旺,等.城市道路绿地景观规划[M].南京:东南大学出版社,2005.
[17]许冲勇,翁殊斐,吴文松.城市道路绿地景观[M].乌鲁木齐:新疆科学技术出版社,2005.
[18]李敏,谢良生,等.深圳园林植物配置与造景特色[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2007.
[19]福成.上海地区秋景现状分析及改善途径[J].南京农业大学学报,1999.
[20]崔向东,张海江等.彩叶植物与园林景观[J].河北林业科技,2005,(4):173-174.
[21]王锐.营建具有上海城市特征的“春景秋色”植物景观[EB/OL].http://www.linye.sh.cn /magazine/2006_7/index.shtml,2006-07-13.
[22]荆福全.城市道路绿化与景观设计问题初探[J].辽宁教育行政学院学报,2005,(5):141-142。
[23]杨淑秋,李炳发.道路系统绿化美化[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2002.
[24]朱仁元,徐霞.园林彩色植物图谱[M].沈阳:辽宁科学技术出版社,2002.
[25]裘宝林.浙江重要野生秋色叶树种[J].南京林业大学学报.1990,14(1):68-73.
[26]许克福.行道树[M].合肥:安徽科学技术出版社,2006.
[27]臧德奎.攀援植物造景艺术[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2002.
[28]陈佐忠,刘金.城市绿化植物手册[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2005.
[29]软积惠,徐礼根.地被植物图谱[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2006.
[30]陈信旺,林建丽.福建省多季开花植物及应用研究[J].林业勘查设计,2007,(1):44-52.
[31]林夏珍,赵建强.中国野生花卉种质资源调查综述[J].浙江林学院学报,2001,(4):441-444.
[32]周金梅,李红娟.观果树种在北方园林中的应用探讨[J].吉林农业科技学院学报.2005,(1):14-18.
[33]王引.树木的色彩美及其应用[J].安徽林业,2003,(6):31.
[34]刘振林,马海慧,戴思兰.北方园林中冬季植物景观的表现[J].河北林业科技,2003,(3):47-50.
[35]李作文.观赏树木冬态图谱[M].哈尔滨:东北林业大学出版社,2004.
[36]黄东兵,魏春海.园林规划设计[M].北京:中国科学技术出版社,2003.
[37][明]计成.陈植注释.园冶注释[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1988.
[38]倪文杰,张成福,马克锋.现代交叉学科大辞库[M].北京:海洋出版社,1993.
[39]周武忠.园林美学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1996.
[40]万叶.园林美学[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2002.
[41]徐德嘉,周武忠.植物景观意匠[M].南京:东南大学出版社,2002.
[42]周出梅.园林建筑设计与施工[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2002.
[43]小形研三,高原荣重:索靖之等译.造园意匠论[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1984.
[44]冷平生.园林生态学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2003
[45]徐化成.景观生态学[M].北京:中国林业出版社,1996.
[46]肖笃宁,李秀珍,高峻,等.景观生态学[M].北京:科学出版社,2003.
[47]俞孔坚,李迪华.城乡与区域规划的景观生态模式[J].国外城市规划,1997,(3):27-31.
[48]魏晗.浅谈现代景观设计的形式表现[J].小城镇建设,2003,(8).
[49]俞孔坚,李迪华.景观设计[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2003.
[50][美]约翰·O·西蒙兹:俞孔坚等译.景观设计学-场地规划与设计手册[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2000.
[51]窝智强.景观设计概论[M].北京:中国轻工业出版社,2006.
[52]徐磊青,杨公侠.环境心理学[M].上海:同济大学出版社,2002.
[53]李增道.环境行为学概论[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1999.
[54]中华人民共和国国家标准(CJJ/T85-2002 J185-2002),城市绿地分类标准[S].
[55]中华人民共和国国家标准(CJJ48-92),公园设计规范[S].
[56]孙成仁.城市景观设计[M].哈尔滨:黑龙江科学技术出版社,1999.
[57]徐华.杭州城市道路绿地景观规划设计初探[D].浙江大学,2003.
[58]赵晶夫.城市道路规划设计与美学[M].南京:江苏科学技术出版社,1994.
[59]陈芳清,王祥荣.从植物群落学的角度看生态园林建设-以宝钢为例[J]中国园林,2000,(5).
[60]齐晶,孙吉清.城市园林存在的问题及改进对策.吉林林业科技,2006,35(6):9-10.
[61]祁承经,汤庚国.树木学[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2005.
[62]马芸.广州市植物多样性和景观构成的研究[D].北京林业大学,2006.
[63]刘岳宏.城市道路绿化设计探究[J].广东建材,2007,(1):105-107.
[64]汪新娥.城市道路分车绿带的规划设计[J].河南林业科技,2005,25(1):35-37.
[65]杨龚丽.城市园林绿地规划[M].北京:中国林业出版社,1995.
[66]吴华英,伍夏君.义乌市城市道路绿地景观的设计[J].林业科技开发,2004,18(1):67-69.
[67]谢成蕴,陈凌云,张荣明.小议城市道路绿化设计[N].中国花卉报,2004-05-20.
[68]陈琏年.色彩设计[M].重庆:西南师范大学出版社,2001.