肾衰泻浊丸对单侧输尿管结扎大鼠NF-κB、OPN和HGF影响的实验研究
详细信息    本馆镜像全文|  推荐本文 |  |   获取CNKI官网全文
摘要
目的:通过实验研究观察肾衰泻浊丸对单侧输尿管结扎(UUO)大鼠肾组织核转录因子κB/p65(NF-κB/p65)、骨桥蛋白(OPN)、肝细胞生长因子(HGF)的影响,探讨肾衰泻浊丸抗肾间质纤维化的作用机理。
     方法:本实验采用单侧输尿管结扎术建立大鼠肾纤维化模型。实验动物分为假手术组、模型组、肾衰泻浊丸低剂量组、肾衰泻浊丸中剂量组、肾衰泻浊丸高剂量组及贝那普利对照组。观察实验大鼠治疗前后一般状态及肾功能;将肾组织病理切片进行HE、Masson染色,观察动物模型治疗后的病理改变及肾间质纤维化情况;采用免疫组化二步法检测肾组织中的NF-κB/p65、HGF及OPN表达水平;采用逆转录-多聚酶链反应(RT-PCR)法检测肾组织中的OPN mRNA表达水平。
     结果:1.肾衰泻浊丸中剂量组大鼠血肌酐、血尿素氮水平均有所降低,与贝那普利组比较有显著性差异(P<0.05);2.肾小管间质损害程度病理积分显示,肾衰泻浊丸中剂量组对肾间质纤维化有不同程度的抑制作用,与贝那普利组比较有显著性差异(P<0.01,P<0.05);3.肾衰泻浊丸中剂量组能减少肾间质中NF-κB/p65和OPN的过度表达,使肾间质中HGF表达增多,效果明显,与贝那普利组比较有显著性差异(p<0.01,p<0.05);4.肾衰泻浊丸中剂量组能够下调肾组织中OPNmRNA的表达,与对照组比较有显著性差异(p<0.05)。
     结论:1.肾衰泻浊丸能抑制NF-κB的活性,进而减轻NF-κB所诱发的一系列免疫炎症对肾脏的攻击,延缓肾间质纤维化进展;2.肾衰泻浊丸能下调肾小管间质组织OPN表达水平,减轻肾小管间质病变;3.肾衰泻浊丸可通过增加肾纤维化保护性因子HGF的表达,来减少UUO大鼠肾间质纤维化、延缓慢性肾脏病(CKD)进展;4.肾衰泻浊丸对UUO大鼠肾间质纤维化进程有显著的干预作用。
Objective:To investigate the effect of Shenshuaixiezhuo Pill onNeuclear factor kappa B/p65(NF-κB/p65),Osteopontin(OPN),Hepatocyte growth factor(HGF)of kidney tissue of rats by unilateralureteral obstruction(UUO),and to illustrate the mechanism ofShenshuaixiezhuo Pill on delaying renal interstitial fibrosis.
     Methods:In the experiment,the rats by unilateral ureteralobstruction(UUO)was adopted.The rats were randomly divided intosham-operated group(n=12),the UUO group(n=12),the low dosageChinese medicine group(n=12),the moderate dosage Chinese medicinegroup(n=12),the high dosage Chinese medicine group(n=12)and thebenazepril group(n=12).It is observed for the change of the commonphysical order,blood urea nitrogen(Bun)and serum creatinine(Scr)ofexperimental rats.HE and Masson staining method for pathologic sliceare used to observe the pathologic change of the experimental rats'kidneytissue after treated and the phase of renal fibroblast.The expression ofNF-κB/p65,OPN,HGF of renal tissue were determined byimmunohistochemistry with two steps.The expression of OPNmRNA ofrenal tissue was determined by RT-PCR.
     Results:1.Compared to benazepril group,the level of blood ureanitrogen and serum creatinine in the moderate dosage Chinese medicinegroup was markedly intervented(P<0.05).2.The renal tubulointerstitiallesion degree in moderate dosage Chinese medicine group displayssignifieantly prevention in tubulointerstitial fibrosis,compared to UUOgroup(P<0.01,p<0.05).3.The expression of NF-κB/p65,OPN in kidneytissue was decreased,and the expression of HGF was increased in themoderate dosage Chinese medicine group which has significant differencewithbenazeprilgroup(p<0.01,p<0.05).4.The expression of OPNmRNAwas also reduced which has significant difference with benazepril group(p<0.05).
     Conclusions:1.Shenshuaixiezhuo pill was effective in inhabiting theactivity of NF-κB,reducing the impair resulted from a series ofimmunoinflammation induced by NF-κB,and delaying the development oftubulointerstitial fibrosis.2.Shenshuaixiezhuo Pill can lower OPNexpression level in renal tissue,reduce the impairment oftubulointerstitium.3.Shenshuaixiezhuo Pill can alleviate the renalinterstitial fibrosis in rats with UUO through enhancing the HGFexpression to delay the progression of Chronic kidney disease(CKD).4.Shenshuaixiezhuo pill plays an remarkable role in preventing thedevelopment of tubulointerstitial fibrosis in UUO rats.
引文
1 周静媛,霍保民.和解法为主治疗慢性肾功能不全的疗效观察.中国中医药信息杂志,1999,(12):34
    2 王蕾.益肾导浊口服液防治肾性贫血的实验研究,北京中医,1999,18(4):52.
    3 聂莉芳.慢性肾功能衰竭的中医辨治经验.中国中西医结合杂志,2000,1(1):49-53.
    4 卢玲,梁冰.中医药抗肾纤维化的研究进展.广西中医药,2001,24(6):5-8
    5 李小会.慢性肾功能衰竭病因病机探讨.陕西中医学院学报,2001,24(3):12-13.
    6 张雅丽,张玉梅.张琪治疗慢性肾功能衰竭的经验.黑龙江中医药,2003,(6):3.
    7 陈序庚.慢性肾功能衰竭辨治探讨,山东中医杂志,2003,22(11):646-647.
    8 李红波.邵朝弟治疗慢性肾功能衰竭的学术思想及临床经验.湖北中医杂志,2004,26(6):16.
    9 王平,黄利华,苏润泽,等.自拟益肾健脾汤治疗慢性肾功能衰竭的临床观察.基层医学论坛,2004,8(2):140.
    10 周硕果.王自敏教授治疗慢性肾衰竭临床经验.中国中西医结合杂志,2004,5(5):251-254.
    11 田耘,胡筱娟.阎晓萍主任医师治疗慢性肾功能衰竭经验.陕西中医,2005,26(8):817.
    12 李培旭,安艳秋.论气机升降与慢性肾衰竭.山东中医杂志,1999,18(5):196-197.
    13 赵玉庸,常风云,李春香.肾毒清对慢性肾功能衰竭大鼠血脂及内皮素影响的研究.中国中医基础医学杂志,2002,8(12):23-25.
    14 吴中柱.徐有玲治疗慢性肾功能衰竭经验.光明中医,2004,19(4):38-39.
    15 张勉之,张大宁.补肾活血法结合西药治疗肾功能衰竭临床观察.上海中医药杂志2004,38(5):28-30.
    16 王亿平,曹恩泽,吕勇,等.清肾汤治疗慢性肾功能衰竭急剧加重湿热证的疗效观察[J].中西医结合实用临床急救,1999,6(4):154-15.6
    17 阳晓,朱文锋,周小舟,等.慢性肾衰患者不同阶段病机证候特点临床分析[J].中医杂志,2000,41(6):350-352.
    18 陈军.余承惠治疗慢性肾功能衰竭经验.四川中医,2001,19(9):3-4.
    19 李牧,张力洁.郭恩绵治疗慢性肾功能衰竭经验,辽宁中医杂志,2003,30(9):698.
    20 张志明.慢性肾功能衰竭的中医药治疗.江西中医学院学报,2004,16(6):15-16.
    21 邢海燕.王自敏教授运用黄槐温胆汤治疗慢性肾功能衰竭的经验.中医研究,2005,18(9):52.
    22 晏子友,皮持衡,高书亮,等.化癖解毒汤对转化生长因子β1及血管紧张素Ⅱ作用的研究.江西中医学院学报.2002,14(2):13-14.
    23 刘海燕、刘华锋、何惠娟,等,尿毒血清对人类肾小管上皮细胞增殖及转分化的影响,中国病理生理杂志,2004,20(4):651-654
    24 阳晓,朱文锋,胡学军,等.681例慢性肾功能衰竭患者正虚证候分布特点调查分析.中医杂志,1999,40(2)112-114,
    25 阳晓,朱文锋,周小舟,等.681例慢性肾功能衰竭患者不同阶段邪实兼证特点分析.中国医药学报,1999,14(1)14-18.
    26 孔薇.邹燕勤治疗慢性肾衰竭思路与方法.山东中医药大学学报,2000,24(1):45-46
    27 焦安钦,傅兴兰.慢性肾衰竭的病机特点与治疗对策.山东中医药大学学报,2001,25(2):90-91.
    28 远方,叶任高.叶任高治疗慢性肾功能衰竭经验集要.辽宁中医杂志,2001,28(6):336-337.
    29 卢昌义.李学铭老师治疗慢性肾衰竭的经验.中国中西医结合肾病杂志,2001,2(3):168.
    30 傅晓骏.谈“瘀浊蕴毒”与慢性肾衰竭.中国中西医结合肾病杂志,2002,3(5):293.
    31 傅文录.赵绍琴慢性肾病治疗思想发微.浙江中医杂志,2002,(4):165
    32 张慧.皮持衡治疗慢性肾病遣方用药经验.江西中医药,2002,33(4):2-3.
    33 孔庆故.陆鸿滨教授辨证治疗慢性肾衰竭的经验.中国中西医结合杂志,2003,23(7):375-376.
    34 许筠.刘宝厚教授治疗慢性肾衰竭临证经验.中国中西医结合肾病杂志,2004,5(7):376.
    35 张勉之,张大宁.补肾活血法结合西药治疗肾功能衰竭临床观察.上海中医药杂志,2004,(38)5:28.
    36 姜林芳,郝风铃,张爱梅.王法德辨治慢性肾病经验.山东中医杂志,2004,23(10):10:628-628.
    37 杨进,李燕林,丁谊,等.补肾泄浊汤治疗早、中期慢性肾衰33例.中医研究,2005,18(5):41-43.
    38 王维,骆常义主任医师辨治慢性肾病经验集要.实用中医内科杂志,2005,19(3):215-215.
    39 郭石宏,侯国华慢性肾功能衰竭的分期论治.山西中医,2006,22(2)1:60.
    40 马秀宁.何学红运用中医药治疗慢性肾功能衰竭经验.辽宁中医药大学学报,2007,9(3):88-89.
    41 陈以平.慢性肾衰竭的辨证论治[J].中华肾脏病杂志.1991,7(4):247
    42 张琪主编.张琪临床经验辑要[M].北京:中国医药科技出版社,1998:74-75.
    43 焦淑芳,喻红.温阳腑降浊法治疗慢性肾衰阳虚浊毒证疗效观察[J].湖南中医学院学报.2001,21(2):51-52.
    44 孔昭东.活血益肾排浊法治疗慢性肾功能衰竭38例.上海中医药杂志,2001,(10):28-29.
    45 郑水源.辨证治疗老年慢性肾衰32例.湖南中医杂志,2002,18(1):27-28.
    46 黄晓军.辨证论治加灌肠治疗慢性肾功能衰竭30例.陕西中医,2004,25(12):1070-1072.
    47 余国信,李静,江德东.基本方加辨证分型治疗慢性肾功能衰竭疗效观察.四川中医,2004,22(8):40-41.
    48 苏路侠,钟百灵.和解益肾化瘀解毒法治疗慢性肾功能衰竭71例临床观察.中医杂志,2004,45(8):590-591.
    49 谢帮军,张军峰.石景亮从三焦辨治肾病临床经验.四川中医,2005,23(2):1-2.
    50 黄红勤.中药内服配合灌肠治疗慢性肾功能衰竭.中原医刊,2006,33(13): 70-71.
    51 叶玉妹.叶景华治疗慢性肾功能衰竭经验.辽宁中医杂志,2006,33(3):2652.
    52 张浩,王磊,邵云霞,等.中医药治疗慢性肾功能衰竭的研究进展.中医药学报,2006,34(1):30-31.
    53 赵文玉,曹娜娅.辨证分型与西药治疗慢性肾功能衰竭112例,陕西中医,2006,27(4):408.
    54 段光堂.中西医结合治疗慢性肾衰60例.中国中西医结合肾病杂志,2007,8(4):230-231.
    55 纪泽泉,黄翠雯,梁成洁,等.大黄酸对肾小球硬化肾皮质凋亡蛋白酶-3活性及细胞凋亡的影响[J].中华医学杂志,2005,85(26):1836-1841.
    56 何东元,王笑云,王宁宁,等.大黄酸抑制肾间质成纤维细胞激活的实验研究[J].中华肾脏病杂志,2006, 22(2):105-108.
    57 魏建冬,黎磊石,姚建.大黄治疗大鼠系膜增殖性肾炎的实验研究[J].中华内科杂志,1997, 36(2):87.
    58 刘冠贤,叶任高,谭志明,等.大黄素延缓狼疮性肾炎间质纤维化作用的研究[J].中国实验临床免疫学杂志,1999, 11(3):24-27.
    59 艾智华,葵红卫,张忠辉.大黄酸治疗大鼠糖尿病肾病的实验研究[J].第三军医大学学报,2004,26(4):304.
    60 秦建华,陈明.大黄素抗肾间质纤维化研究进展[J].中国中西医结合肾病杂志,2006, 7(3):184-186.
    61 程晓霞,陈洪宇,王永钧.多毛孢菌菌粉对肾小管间质损伤保护作用的临床研究[J].中国中西医结合肾病杂志,2003, 4(12):718-720.
    62 程晓霞,杨汝春,毛俐蝉,等.多毛孢菌菌粉含药血清对肾小管上皮细胞增殖及纤维生长因子基因表达的影响[J].中国中西医结合肾病杂志,2005,6(1)10-12.
    63 王要军,孙自勤,权启镇,等.冬虫夏草对人成纤维细胞形态及细胞外基质合成功能的影响[J].滨州医学院学报,1999, 22(3):226-227.
    64 王要军,权启镇,孙自勤,等.冬虫夏草对人成纤维细胞ICAM-1及CD126表达的影响[J].滨州医学院学报,1999, 22(4):316-317.
    65 袁继丽,刘成,刘成海,等.冬虫夏草治疗肾纤维化研究进展[J].中国中 西医结合肾病杂志,2004, 5(2):121-124.
    66 张国强,叶任高,孔庆瑜,等.丹参对培养中狼疮性肾炎成纤维细胞的影响[J].中国医药学报,1997,12(1):19.
    67 杨志云,马琼英.丹参注射液对肾小球系膜细胞增殖及产生IL-6、 Ⅳ型胶原影响的实验研究[J].中国中西医结合肾病杂志,2001,2(7):420-421
    68 李春香,张艳玲,顾连方.丹参对慢性肾衰竭大鼠肾脏细胞凋亡及Fas-Fas_I表达的影响[J].中国中西医结合肾病杂志,2002,3(2):101-102.
    69 林琼真,于洁,邓英辉,等.丹参注射液对大鼠梗阻性肾间质纤维化的保护作用[J].中国中西医结合肾病杂志,2003,4(2):71-73.
    70 尚雁君,蒋山好,张建荣,等.丹参总酚酸抑制大鼠肾间质纤维化的初步观察[J].第二军医大学学报,2006,27(12):1 295.
    71 张国强,叶任高,孔庆瑜,等.三七总甙诱导间质纤维化人肾成纤维细胞凋亡及其分子机理初探[J].中华肾脏病杂志,1998, 14(2):B93.
    72 韦颖,樊均明,潘丽萍,等.三七总苷对肾成纤维化细胞的影响[J].中国中西医结合杂志,2002,22(1):47-48.
    73 刘海燕,陈孝文,刘华锋,等.三七总苷对慢性肾衰竭大鼠肾损害防治作用的实验研究[J].中国中西医结合肾病杂志,2006,7(11):626.
    74 李小波,李均,师晶丽.桃仁对单侧输尿管梗阻大鼠肾组织NF-κB、 TNF-α表达的影响[J].中国中医基础医学杂志,2006, 12(7):526.
    75 张国平.莪术的临床应用研究概况[J].时珍国医国药,1998,9(1):93.
    76 杜兰萍,胡仲仪,邓跃毅,等.莪术对肾脏外细胞基质影响的实验研究[J].上海中医药杂志,2001, 22(6):386.
    77 刘迟,郭刚,胡仲仪.莪术对单侧输尿管梗阻大鼠肾间质纤维化的影响[J].上海中医药杂志,2006,12(12):71.
    78 丁国华,张建鄂.绞股蓝总皂甙防治单侧输尿管结扎大鼠肾间质纤维化的实验研究[J].中国中西医结合肾病杂志,2005, 6(7):382.
    79 唐锦辉,徐钦儒,刘桐林,等.银杏叶防治大鼠肾小球硬化及肾小管间质损害的实验研究[J].中华肾脏病杂志,1998, 14(3):174-177.
    80 严海东,李雪竹,李蔓.银杏叶提取物对肾间质成纤维细胞中AGEs诱导的TGF-β_1、 CTGF表达及氧化应激的抑制作用[J].中国实用内科杂志,2006,26(3):443.
    81 陈晨,金玉.氧化苦参碱对阿霉素大鼠慢性肾纤维化组织中核因子-κB表达的影响[J].南方医科大学学报,2007,27(3):345.
    82 赵玉庸,许庆友,丁跃玲,等.红花对肾小管间质纤维化大鼠TGF-β1、TGF-β1mRNA及C-fos表达的影响[J].中国药理学通报,2005,21(8):1022.
    83 唐蓉,杜胜华.红花对大鼠肾间质纤维化和肾功.能影响[J].中国临床药理学与治疗学,2006,11(3):282.
    84 牟娜,张庆怡,倪兆慧,等.黄芪注射液对体外培养的人肾间质成纤维细胞C-met表达的作用[J].中华肾脏病杂志,2004,20(2):137-139.
    85 杨红霞,朱敏怡.黄芪对糖尿病大鼠肾组织的保护作用[J].实用医学杂志,2005,21(17):1964-1965.
    86 于芹超,朱同玉,张永康.黄芪甲甙对大鼠肾缺血再灌注损伤、的远期防护作用[J].中华医学杂志,2004, 17(9):1412-1416.
    87 薄守波,鞠建伟,李建远,等.褐藻多糖细胞增殖及纤连蛋白与转化生长因子脏病杂志,2006,22(10):638-639.
    88 王亚平,李伯祥.川芎嗪防治肾间质纤维化作用的实验研究[J].中国中西医结合肾病杂志,2002, 3(2):77-78.
    89 屈燧林,方勤,陈高翔,等.汉防己甲素、川芎嗪和苦杏仁对人成纤维细胞的影响[J].中华肾脏病杂志,2000, 16(3):186-188.
    90 孙林,易著文,虞佩兰.川芎嗪对人胎肾小球系膜细胞增殖的影响及其机理探讨[J].中国中西医结合杂志,1995, 15(3):134-136.
    91 郝丽娜,陈建珩,龙江,等.人参皂甙Rgl对梗阻性肾细胞凋亡及Bel-2表达作用的研究.昆明医学院学报,2003, 24(2):28-31.
    92 柯昌兴,郝丽娜,陈建珩,等.人参皂甙Rgl对梗阻肾的保护作用.临床泌尿外科,2005,20(4):228-230
    93 杨汝春,王永钧,林京莲,等.青藤碱对肾小管上皮细胞MCP-和ICAM-1基因表达的影响.中国中医药科技,2005,12(6):372-374.
    94 杨汝春,王永钧,林京莲,等.青藤碱对肾小管上皮细胞转分化相关基因表达的影响.中国中西医结合肾病杂志,2006,7(1):10-12.
    95 宋梅芳,宋芳,赵宏彬.盐酸青藤碱抗肾间质纤维化的实验研究.中医药导报,2006,12(1):69-70,82.
    96 李伯祥,张雪光,a-平滑肌肌动蛋白在大鼠肾间质损伤时的表达及红景 天甙的保护作用[J].中华肾脏病杂志,2000,16(2):118-120.
    97 尹莲芳,刘璐,弓玉祥,等.黄蜀葵花对肾病综合征模型大鼠小管损伤保护作用的研究[J].首都医科大学学报,2000,21(3):209.
    98 尹莲芳,刘璐,弓玉祥,等.中药黄蜀葵花对肾病大鼠尿中透明质酸的影响[J].新中医,2000,32(9):32.
    99 宁勇,刘晓城.姜黄素对糖尿病性肾纤维化的防治机制[J].中国药师,2004,7(6):413-416.
    100 屈燧林,方勤,陈高翔,等.以防己甲素、川芎嗪和苦杏仁甙对人成纤维细胞的影响[J].中华肾脏病杂志,2000,16(3):186~189.
    101 董兴刚,安增梅,杨汝春,等.汉防己甲素对肾病综合征大鼠肾小球细胞外基质的作用[J].中华肾脏病杂志,2000, 16(2):115-117.
    102 颜润,俞雷,张义雄,等.黄芪当归和剂对大鼠肾间质纤维化的影响及机制探讨[J].贵州医药,2006,30(1):8.
    103 孟立强,屈磊,李晓玫.黄芪当归和剂对肾纤维化多靶点抑制作用[J].中国药理学通报,2006,22(3):296.
    104 杨汝春,王永钧,周大为,等.复方积雪草煎剂对单侧输尿管结扎小鼠肾小管间质骨架蛋白α-SMA、 vimentin表达的影响[J].中国临床药理学与治疗学,2006,11(9):1021.
    105 王钊林,马华.中药芪红和剂对肾间质纤维化模型大鼠肾皮质中bcl-2表达的影响[J].实验中医学,2006,7(4)15.
    106 张竹君,赵健雄,李建华.蛭倍煎治疗肾间质纤维化实验研究[J].四川中医,2005,23(5):25.
    107 郭丽萍,袁发焕,张耀全.延肾胶囊对部分肾切除大鼠肾脏CB表达的影响[J].中国中西医结合肾病杂志,2006,7(3):143.
    108 刘锂,张佩青,徐鹏,等.肾衰保肾胶囊对RIF大鼠TGF-β_1及其受体mRNA表达的影响[J].中国中西医结合肾病杂志.2007,8(11):651-653
    109 姜德友,李季源,柳成刚,等.肾消康对糖尿病大鼠肾损伤的保护作用及血管紧张素Ⅱ影响的实验研究[J].四川中医,2006,24(3):20.
    110 赵宗江,谷海英,李晓辉,等.复方鳖甲软肝片防治大鼠肾间质纤维化作用机理的实验研究[J].世界科学技术:中医药现代化,2006,8(1):48.
    111 赵宗江,张新雪,扬美娟,等.复方鳖甲软肝片对输尿管结扎大鼠肾组织 TGF β_1蛋白及其mRNA表达的影响[J].北京中医药大学学报,2005,28(2):23.
    112 谷海英,赵宗江,扬美娟,等.复方鳖甲软肝片对单侧输尿管梗阻大鼠肾组织NF-x B表达的影响[J].中国中西结合肾病杂志,2005,6(3):137.
    113 赵宗江,梁凯峰,谷海英,等.复方鳖甲软肝方对脂多糖诱导的肾小管上皮细胞增殖的影响[J].世界科学技术:中医药现代化,2006,8(1):48.
    114 王耀献,刘尚建,赵宗红,等.肾炎防衰液对单侧输尿管梗阻性肾衰大鼠的治疗作用[J].中国中药杂志,2005,30(10):796.
    115 刘丙欣,于俊生.运用络病理论辨治慢性肾功能衰竭探析[J].中医药学刊,2005,23(3):505.
    116 于俊生,刘丙欣.和络泄浊方对肾间质纤维化大鼠转化生长因子β 1表达的影响[J].中医药学刊,2006,26(7):1220.
    117 刘洲,姚晓峰,孝晨,等.养阴活血方药对CsA慢性肾毒性大鼠肾间质纤维化的拮抗[J].中国中医药基础杂志,2005,11(8):577.
    118 何立群,王怡,高建东.抗纤灵冲剂对慢性肾衰肾纤维化及其影响因素的研究[J].医学研究通讯,2003,32(7):20.
    119 侯卫国,屠立群,何立群.抗纤灵颗粒对慢性肾衰药效学动物实验研究[J]中华现代中医学杂志,2006,2(2):100.
    120 王明青,窦国祥,尹连芳.降氮汤对 5/6肾切除大鼠肾小球硬化的预防作用[J].实验研究,2004,45(4):286.
    121 刘明目,渠力平,钟百灵.益肾颗粒对慢性肾功能衰竭功能大鼠的抗纤维化作用[J].山东医药,2005,45(25):23.
    122 吴喜利,孙万森,张王刚,等.通络方防治肾小球硬化的药效学研究[J].河北医科大学学报,2007,28(1):12.
    123 马志刚大黄蟅虫丸对肾间质纤维化影响的实验研究[J].中国中西医结合肾病杂志,2001.
    124 Liu Y.Renal fibrosis:New insight into the pathogenesis and therapeutics.Kidney international,2006,213-217.
    125 Dussaule JC,Chatziantoniou C.Reversal of renal disease:is it enough to inhibit the action of angiotensin Ⅱ?[J].CellDeatDiffer,2007,14(7):1343-1349.
    126 Sung SA,JoSK,Cho WY,etal.Reduction ofrenal fibrosis as aresult of liposome encapsulated clodronate induced macrophagedepletion after unilateral ureteral obstruction in rats[J].Nephron ExpNephrol,2000,105(1):e1-e9.
    127 NishidaM,OkumuraY,Fujimoto S,etal.Adoptive transfer of macrophages ameliorates renal fibrosis inmic e[J].Biochem Bio-phys Res Commun,2005,332(1):11-16.
    128 IwanoM,Plieth D,Danoff TM,et al.Evidence that fibroblasts derive from epithelium during tissue fibrosis[J].J Clin Invest,2002,110(3):341-350.
    129 Liu YH.Epithelial tomesenchymal transition in renal fibrogene-sis:pathologic significance,molecularmechanism,and therapeu-tic intervention[J].J Am SocNephrol,2004,15(1):1-12.
    130 Fan JM.Ng YY.Hill PA,et al.Transforming growth factor-beta regulates tubular epithelial-myofibro-blast transdifferentiation in vitro.Kidney Int.1999,56:1455-1467.
    131 Morrissey JJ,Klahr S.Rapid communication.Rapid communication.Enalapril decreases nuclear factor kappa B activation in the kidney with ureteral obstruction.Kidney Int,1997.52(4):926-933.
    132 Fan JIM,Ng YY,Hill PA,et al.Transforming growth factor-beta regulates tubular epithelial-myofihmhlast transdifferentiation in vitro.Kidney lnt,1999,56(4):1455-1552.
    133 Strutz F,Zcisberg M,Ziyadeh FN.et al.Role of basic fibroblast growth factor-2 in epithelial-mesenchymal transformation. Kidney Int,2002,61(5):1714-1720.
    134 杨继红,郑法雷,吴华,等.他克莫司对转化生长因子-β诱导的肾小管上皮细胞转分化的抑制作用及对核因子-活性的影响.肾脏病与透析肾移植杂志,2004,13(2):124-128.
    135 水华,徐联芳,陈德基,等.大鼠单侧输尿管梗阻后核因子-κB、ICAM-1的表达及贝那普利的影响.中国中西医结合肾病杂志,2002,3(2):79-81.
    136 姜立新,郭宋远,吴荣德,等.细胞间和血管细胞粘附分子-1在先天性肾积水肾组织中的表达.中华小儿外科杂志,2005,26(1):71-74.
    137 Nakajima H,Takenaka M,Kaimori JY,et al.Gene expression profile of renal proximal tubules regulated by proteinuia,Kidney Int,2002,61(5):1577-1587.
    138 罗昌霞,张建鄂,张庆红,等.NF-κB对尿白蛋白诱导肾小管上皮细胞骨桥 蛋白转录的影响.郧阳医学院学报,2004,23(6): 332-335.
    139 Hramaa M , Takahashi F, Takahashia K, et al. Ostcopontin overproduced by tumor cells acts as a potent angiogenenicfactor contributiug to tumor growth. Cancer Lett, 2003, 198(1): 107-117.
    140 Xie Y , Nishi S , Iguchi S , et al . Expression of ostcopontin gentamiein-induced acute tubular necrosis and it is recovery pro. Kidney Int, 2001,59(3): 959-974.
    141 Noiri E, Dickman K, Miller F, et al. Reduced tolerance to acute renal ischemia in mice with a targeted disruption of the osteopontin gene. Kidney Int,1999, 56(1): 74-82.
    142 Thuraisingham RC, Nott CA, Dodd sM , et al. Increased nitrotyrmine staining in kidn eys fr-Om patients with diabetic nephropathy. Kidney Int, 2000,57(5): 1968-1972.
    143 Junaid A, Amara FM. Osteopontin: correlation with interstitial fibrosis human diabetic kidney and PI3-kinase-mediated enhancement of expression by glucose in human proximalt-Ubular epithelialcells. Histopathology, 2004, 44(2):136-146.
    144 Mezzano SA , Ruiz-Ortega M, Egido J. Angiotensin ? and Renal fibrosis. Hypertension, 2001, 38(3 Pt 2): 635-638.
    145 Esteban V, Lorenzo O, Ruperez M, et al. Angiotensin ? via AT1and AT2 receptors an d NF-κB pathway regulates the inflammatory response in unilateral obstrucion. J Am Soc Nephrol, 2004, 15(6): 1514-1529.
    146 LouN, Yu XQ, ZhuSL, et al. Angiotensin ? up-regulates osteopontin mRNA expression of RAW 264. 7 macrophages via p38MAPK signaling. Natl Med J Chinna, 2004, 84(15): 1283-1287.
    147 Chow F, Ozols E, Nikolic-paterson D, et al. Macrophages in mouse type 2 diabetic nephropathy: correlation with diabetic state and progressive renal iniury. Kidney Int, 2004, 65(1): 116-128.
    148 Kaimori JY, Takenaka M, Nagasawa Y, et al. Quantitative analysis of osteopontin mRNA expression in human proximal tubule islated from renal biopsy tissue sections of minimal change nephritic syndrome and IgA glomerulonephropathy patients. Am J Kidney Dis, 2002, 39(5): 948-957.
    149 Nangaku M. Mechanisms of rubulointerstitial injury in the kidney: final common pathways to end-stage renal failure. Intern Med, 2004, 43(1): 9-17.
    150 Asaumi S , Takemoto M , Yokote K , et al . Identification and characterization of high glucose and glucosamine responsive dement in the rat ostcopont inpromoter. J Diabetes Complications, 2003, .17(1): 34-38.
    151 Li JH, Huang XR, Zhu HJ, et al. Role of TGF-beta signaling in extracelular matrix production under high glucose conditions. Kidney Int, 2oo3, 63(6):2010-2019.
    152 Kang DH, Anderson S,' Kim YG. Impaired angiogenesis in the aging kidn ey. Poten tial role of VEGF and TSP1 in renal disease. Am J Kidney Dis, 2001,37(3): 601-603.
    153 Ohashi R, Kitamura H, Yamanaka N. Peritubular capillary injury during the progression of experimental glomerulonephritis in rats. J Am Soc Nepml, 2000,11(2): 47-49.
    154 Katagiri Y, Mori K, Hara T, et al.Functional analysis of the osteopontin molecule. Ann NY Acad Sci, 1995. 760: 371-374.
    155 Li Long , Chen YF, Chen YX, et al. Effect of osteopontin on human lupus nephritis. Guizhou Medical Journal, 2002, 26(5): 390-391.
    156 Cheng SF, Lovett DH. Gelatinase A(MMP-2)is necessary and sufficient for renal tubular cell epithelial—mesenchymal transformation. Am J Pathol, 2003,162(6): 1937-1949.
    157 D'Alonzo RC , Kowalski AJ , Denhardt DT , et al . Regulation of collagenase—3 and osteocalcin gene expression by collagen and osteopontin in differentiating MC3T3-E1 cells. J Biol Chem, 2002, 277(27): 24788-24798.
    158 Philip S, Kundu GC. Osteopontin induces nuclear factor-κB -mediated promatrixmetalloproteinase-2 activation through I kappa Balpha / IKK signaling pathways, and curcumin (diferululmethane) down-regulates these pathway. J Biol Chem, 2003, 278(16): 14487-14497.
    159 Bottinger EP, Bitzer M.TGF-β_1 signaling in renal disease.J Am Soc Nephrol, 2002, 13(10):2600-2610.
    160 Yang J, Dai C, Liu Y. Hepatocyte growth factor suppresses renal interstitial myofibroblast activation and intercepts Smad signal transduction .Am J Pathol, 2003, 163(2):621-632.
    161 Dai C, Liu Y. Hepatocyte growth factor antagonizes the profibrotic action of TGF-β_1 in mesangial cells by stabilizing Smad transcriptional corepressor TGIF.J Am Soc Nephrol.2004,15 (6): 1402-1412.
    162 Mizuno S, Nakamura T.Suppressions of chronic glomerular injuries and TGF-β_1 production by HGF in attenuation of murine diabetic nephropathy.Am J Physiol Renal Physiol.2004, 286(1): 134-143.
    163 Liu Y.Hepatocyte growth factor in kidney fibrosis: therapeutic potential and mechanisms of action.Am J Physiol Renal Physiol, 2004, 287(1):F7-F16.
    164 Mizuno S, Nakamura T.Suppressions of chronic glomerular injuries and TGF-β_1 production by HGF in attenuation of murine diabetic nephropathy.Am J Physiol Renal Physiol.2004, 286(1): 134-143.
    165 Okada H.Watanabe Y, Inoue T, et al.Transgene-derived hepatocyte growth factor attenuates reactive renalfibrosis in aritolochic acid nephrotoxicity.Nephrol Dial Transplant.2003, 18(12):2515-2523.
    166 Ling H, Li X, Jha S, et al. Therapeutic role of TGF-β1-neutralizing antibody in mouse cyclosporin A nephropathy: morphologic improvement associated with functional preservation. J Am Soc Nephrol, 2003, 14(2):377-388.
    167 Shi Y, Massague J.Mechanisms of TGF-β1 signaling from cell membrane to the nucleus.Cell, 2003, 113(6):685-700.
    168 Gong R, Rifai A, Dworkin LD .Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Hepatocyte Growth Factor in Chronic Kidney Disease: Targeting the Inflamed Vascular Endothelium. J Am Soc Nephrol, 2006, 17(9):2464-2473.
    169 Gong R,Rifai A.Tolbet EM.et al.Hepatocyte growth factor ameliorates renal interstitial inflammation in rat remnant kidney by modulating tubular expression of MCP-1 and RANTES.J Am Soc Nephrol,2004,15(11):2868-2881.
    170 Liu Y, Rajur K, Tolbert E, et al. Endogenous hepatocyte growth factor ameliorates chronic renal injury by activating matrix degradation pathways. Kidney Int, 2000,58(5):2028-2043.
    171 Nakagami H, Morishita R, Yamamoto K, et al. Hepatocyte growth factor prevents endothelial cell death through inhibition of bax translocation from cytosol to mitochondrial membrane. Diabetes, 2002, 51(8):2604-2611.
    172 Mori T,Shimizu A.Masuda Y,et al. Hepatocyte growth factor-stimulating endothelial cell growth and accelerating glomerular capillary repair in experimental progressive glomerulonephritis.Nephron Exp Nephrol,2003,94(2):44-54
    173 Mizuno S, Matsumoto K, Nakamura T. Hepatocyte growth factor suppresses interstitial fibrosis in a mouse model of obstructive nephropathy. Kidney Int, 2001, 59(4):1304-1314.
    174 Liu Y. Hepatocyte growth factor in kidney fibrosis: therapeutic potential and mechanisms of action. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol, 2004, 287(1):F7-F16.
    175 Gong R, Rifai A, Tolbert EM, et al. Hepatocyte growth factor ameliorates renal interstitial inflammation in rat remnant kidney by modulating tubular expression of MCP-1 and RANTES.J Am Soc Nephrol,2004,15(11):2868-2881.
    176 Gong R, Rifai A, Tolbert EM. Hepatocyte growth factor modulates matrix metalloproteinases and plasminogen activator/plasmin proteolytic pathways in progressive renal interstitial fibrosis.J Am Soc Nephrol, 2003, 14(12):3047-3060.
    177 Matsumoto K, Nakamura T. Hepatocyte growth factor: renotropic role and potential therapeutics for renal diseases. Kidney Int, 2001, 59(6):2023-2038.
    178 ElChaarM , Attia E, Chen J, etal. Cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor decreases extracellularmatrix synthesis in stretched renal fibro-blasts [J].Nephron ExpNephrol, 2005, 100(4): e150-e155.
    179 Gonzalez E, Gutierrez E, Galeano C, et al. Early steroid treat-ment improves the recovery of renal function in patients with drug-induced acute interstitial nephritis [J].Kidney Int, 2008, 73(8): 940-946.
    180 Jayle C, Milinkevitch S, Favreau F, etal. Protective role of se-lectin ligand inhibition in a large animal model of kidney ischemia-reperfusion injury [J].Kidney Int, 2006, 69 (10): 1749-1755.
    181 YooK H, ThornhillBA, ForbesMS, et al. Osteopontin regulates renal apoptosis and interstitial fibrosis in neonatal chronic unilat- eral ureteral obstruction [J].Kidney Int, 2006, 70(10): 1735-1741.
    182 Nakaya I, Wada T, Furuichi K, et al. Blockade of IP-10 /CXCR3 promotes progressive renal fibrosis [J].Nephron Exp Nephrol, 2007, 107(1): e12-e21.
    183 Chatziantoniou C, Dussaule JC. Is kidney injury a reversible process [J]? Curropin Nephrol Hypertens, 2008, 17(1): 76-81.
    184 Kim JH, Yang JI, JungMH, et al. Heme oxygenase-1 protects rat kidney from ureteral obstruction via an antiapoptotic pathway [J].JAm SocNephrol, 2006,17(5): 1373-1381.
    185 Gaedeke J, Noble NA, BorderWA,et al. Curcumin blocksfibrosis in anti-Thy 1 glomerulonephritis through up-regulation of heme oxygenase 1[J].Kidney Int, 2005, 68(5): 2042-2049.
    186 MengL, Qu L, Tang J, etal. A combination of Chinese herbs, A stragalusmembranaceusvar mongolicus andAngelica sinensis, enhanced nitric oxide production in obstructed rat kidney[ J]. VasculPharmacol, 2007, 47(2 /3): 174-183.
    187 Tan X, LiY, LiuY. Therapeutic role and potentialmechanisms of active VitaminD in renal interstitial fibrosis [J].JSteroidBio-chem MolBiol, 2007,103(3-5): 491-496.
    188 Petersen M, ThorikayM, Deckers M, et al. Oral administration of G W 788388, an inhibitorof TGF-β type ? and ? receptorki-nases, decreases renal fibrosis [J].Kidney Int, 2008, 73(6): 705-715.
    189 El ChaarM, Chen J, Seshan SV,et al. Effect of combination therapywith enalapril and the TGF-beta antagonist1D11 in uni-lateral ureteral obstruction [J].Am J Physiol Renal Physiol, 2007, 292(4): F1291-F1301.
    190 ChoiYK, Moon IJ, JungHK, et al. Prevention of tissue injury by ribbon antisense toTGF-β in the kidney [J].IntJMolMed, 2005, 15(3): 391-399.
    191 Moriyama T, NagatoyaK. TheRho-ROCK system as a new ther-apeutic target for preventing interstitial fibrosis [J].Drug News Perspect, 2004, 17(1):29-34.
    192 Khan SB, Cook HT, Bhangal G,et al. Antibody blockade of TNF-alpha reduces inflammation and scarring in experimental crescentic glomerulonephritis[ J].Kidney Int, 2005, 67 (5): 1812-1820.
    193 GiannopoulouM, Iszkula SC, Dai C,et al. Distinctive role of Stat3 and Erk-1 /2 activation inmediating interferon-gamma inhi-bition of TGF-beta1 action[J].Am J Physiol Renal Physiol, 2006, 290(5): F1234-F1240.194 Mizuno S, Nakamura T. Molecular basis for HGF-mediatedr egression of renal fibrosis [J].Nippon Rinsho, 2006, 64(Suppl2): 312-321.
    195 Lin J, PatelSR, ChengX, et al. Kielin/chordin-like protein, a novel enhancerofBMP signaling, attenuates renal fibrotic disease [J].NatMed, 2005, 11(4):387-393.
    196 Hewitson TD, Mookerjee I, Masterson R, et al. Endogenous relaxin is a naturally occurring modulator of experimental renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis [ J].Endocrinology, 2007, 148 (2): 660-669.
    197 Frantz S. Drug discovery: playing dirty [J].Nature, 2005, 437 (7061):942-943.
    198 Eitner, Frank, Floege, et al. Novel insights into renal fibrosis. Current Opinion in Nephrology Hypertension, 2003, 2 (3) : 227 - 232.
    199 Klahr S, Morrissey J, et al. Obstructive nephropathy and renal fibrosis.Am J Physiol Renal Physiol, 2002, 283 (5) : 861 - 875.
    200 Klahr S, Morrissey J. Obstructive nephropathy and renal fibrosis [J].Am J PhysiolRenalPhysio,l 2002, 283 (5): F861-F875.
    201 Wolf G, Ritz E. Combination therapy with ACE inhibitors and angiotensin ? receptor blockers to halt progression of chronic renal diseases: pathophysiology and indications. Kidney Int. 2005.67 799-812.
    202 Suzuki Y, Ruiz-Ortega M, Lorenzo O, et al. Inflammation and angiotensin ?. Int J Biochem Cell Biol, 2003,35: 881-900
    203 Esteban V. Lorenzo O. Ruperez M,et al. Angiotensin ?, via AT1 and AT2 receptors and NF-kappaB pathway. rgulates the inflammatory response in unilateral ureteral obstruction. J AM Soc Nephrol,2004.15:1514-1529.
    204 Ruiz-Ortcga M,Ruperez M. Esteban V, et al. Angiotensin ? : a key factor in the inflammatory and fibrotic response in kidney diseases. Nephrol Dial Transplant, 2006, 21:16-20
    205 Weir MR, Hanes DS, Klassen DK. Antihypertensive Drugs//Brenner BM. The Kidney 7th ed.Vol 2.Philadelphia:Saunders,2004:2381-2451.
    206 程虹,谌贻璞.血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂在肾脏病治疗中的合理应用.中国医药导刊,2002,4:270-280.
    207 谌贻璞.慢性肾脏病高血压的治疗目标及药物应用.临床内科杂志,2005,22:726-728.
    208 水华,徐联芳,陈德基,等.大鼠单侧输尿管梗阻后核因子-κB、 ICAM-1的表达及苯那普利的影响.中国中西医结合肾病杂志,2002,3(2):79-81.
    209 任艳芸等.慢性肾脏病从湿论治探析[J].辽宁中医药大学学报,2008,10(1):45-47
    210 孙伟.湿热之邪在慢性肾炎进展中的作用[J].江苏中医药,2006,27(6):6-7.
    211 孙世竹,孙伟.慢性原发性肾小球疾病“肾虚湿瘀”病理探讨[J].北京中医,2005,24(6):346-348.
    212 孙伟.清利药在慢性肾病中的应用.江苏中医1991:(10):20
    213 艾军.湿热致瘀证治浅探[J].新中医,2005,37(9):83-84
    214 应荣花.湿热人血证浅析[J].浙江中医学院学报.1999,23(4):15
    215 晏子友.皮持衡,陈人骏.等.不同中医证型慢性肾衰患者红细胞免疫功能的变化[J].江西中医学院学报,1996,7(3):2
    216 孙伟,曾安平,严志林,等.湿热病邪与慢性肾病关系探讨:附152例Ⅰ临床资料分析.中医研究2000;13(1):362
    217 Sen R,Baltimore D.Multiple nuclear factors interact with the immunoglobulin enhancer sequences[J].Cell 1986;46(5):705-716.
    218 Miyamoto S,ChiaoPJ,Verma IM.Enhanced Ikappa B alpha degradation is responsible for constitutive NF-kappa B activity in mature murine B-cell lines.Mol Cell Bio,1994,14(5):3276-82.
    219 Chen F,CastranovaV,ShiX,eta.l New insights into the role ofnuclear factor-kappaB,a ubiquitous transcription factor in the initiation ofdiseases.Clin Chem,1999,45(1):7-17.
    220 Mayo M W,Wang CY,eta.1 Requirement of NF-kappa B activation to suppress p53-independent apoptosis induced by oncogenic Ras.Science,1997,278(5344):1812-5.
    221 Asaumi S,Takemoto M.Yokote K,et al.Identification and characterization of high glucose and glucosamine responsive element in the rat osteopontin promoter[J].J Diabetes complications,2003, 17(1):34-38.
    222 Sodhi CP, Batlle D, Sahai A.Osteopontin mediates hypoxia-induced proliferation of cultured mesangial cell [J].Kidney Int, 2000, 58 (2):691-700.
    223 Mizuno S, Nakamura T.Suppressions of chronic glomerular injuries and TGF-β_1 production by HGF in attenuation of murine diabetic nephropathy. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol, 2004, 286 (1):134-143.
    224 Yazawa K, Isaka Y, Takahara S,et al.Direct transfer of hepatocyte growth factor gene into kidney suppresses cyclosporin a nephrotoxicity in rats. Nephrol Dial Transplan, 2004, 19 (4): 812-816.