摘要
中小企业与大企业一样,都是现代经济运行中不可缺少的重要组成部分,是国家经济发展和社会稳定的重要支柱,在吸收就业、稳定社会、活跃经济等方面发挥了重大作用。但是,由于其自身的特殊性,中小企业的发展受到各方面的制约,融资问题是最主要的难题之一。中小企业所获得的金融资源与其在国民经济和社会发展中的地位作用却是极不相称的。
本文从分析我国中小企业的发展现状入手,对我国中小企业的发展现状和融资状况做了详细的介绍,描述了供应链金融产生的背景,通过博弈分析来说明我国中小企业融资难存在的原因,并阐述了供应链金融在缓解中小企业融资难困境的优势以及局限性。介绍了供应链金融的相关参与主体,以及供应链金融给各主体带来的效益。在供应链金融的相关理论综述的基础上,介绍了供应链金融的融资模式,并对每种模式进行SWOT分析。在基本的三种融资模式上提出了一种新的融资模式——基于上年业务总量的融资模式。在理论的基础上,引入一个案例来详细解析了供应链金融业务流程。最后,得出了文章的结论：
(一)供应链金融业务是针对中小企业的特点,通过把处在供应链链上的利益相关者结合在一起,进行金融产品创新、融资方案设计以应对中小企业的融资需要。
(二)在供应链金融业务中,商业银行通过与核心企业、第三方物流企业的密切合作可以有效地监督中小企业,大幅度的降低了信息不对称程度,缓解了银行信贷业务中的道德风险问题,一方面使中小企业得到了资金支持,加强了与核心企业的业务合作,另一方面也拓宽了商业银行和物流企业的盈利空间,给它们增加了新的增值业务。
(三)供应链金融在缓解中小企业融资困境上有潜在优势,我国应该大力发展供应链金融。
SMEs is an important part of a society as well as large businesses. It is an important pillar of economic development and social stability which has played a major role in the absorption of employment, social stability and dynamic economy. However, because of its own articularity, the development of SMEs is limited by various constraints. Financing is one of the most important dilemmas. The access to financial resources of SMEs is not far from proportionate with the position and role in their economic and social development.
The study starts by analyzing the present situation of development of Chinese SMEs. It makes a detailed introduction in the present situation of development and financing condition of Chinese SMEs. It describes the background of the generation of financial supply chain. It explains reason for financing difficulties of small and medium enterprises through game analysis, and it describes the advantages and limitations of the supply chain finance in alleviating the plight of small and medium enterprises financing difficulties. It introduces the participation of the supply chain finance-related subjects, as well as the the main financial benefits brought by Supply Chain Finance to all. Then this article introduces financing models and and makes a SWOT analysis of every models based on the relevant theory. It puts forward a new financing model based on the three basic financing models. Based on the theory, this paper describes the business process of Supply Chain Finance by introducing a case in detail. Finally, the article reached the conclusion:
First, Supply Chain Finance makes financial product innovation and financing options design to meet the financing needs of SMEs through together the stakeholders in the chain.
Second, commercial banks monitor small and medium enterprises effectively by cooperation with the core business and third-party logistics enterprises in close. That will reduce the degree of information asymmetry significantly and ease moral hazard problem in the bank credit operations. Though Supply Chain Finance, small and medium enterprises Strengthen co-operation with the core enterprise business. It also broadens the profit space of commercial banks and logistics companies.
Third, the Supply Chain Finance has potential advantages in easing the financing difficulties of SMEs. We should develop the supply chain finance vigorously.
引文
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