摘要
随着电力电子技术的发展和新型电机的出现,起动/发电系统受到越来越多的关注,在航天、汽车等领域得到了广泛的应用。起动/发电系统的基本思路就是利用电机的可逆原理,在发动机起动阶段,电机作为电动机运行,将电能转换为机械能,带动发动机起动;起动结束后,发动机转为原动机,电机转为发电机运行,将机械能转换为电能。
本文在讨论永磁无刷直流电机起动/发电系统特点的基础上,针对摩托车用永磁无刷直流电机起动/发电系统进行了设计和实现。
首先,从电机的基本理论出发,推导永磁无刷直流电机起动、发电两个不同状态下的电路方程,建立各自的数学模型。重点推导起动时的转矩方程和整流发电时的输出电压、换相重叠角的计算公式。接着,将MATLAB软件中的PSB建模方法引入电机系统的仿真,对起动、发电两个不同的过程,建立电机系统的混和仿真模型,并给出仿真实例,对仿真结果进行分析。然后,在理论分析的基础上,设计摩托车用永磁无刷直流电机起动/发电系统,对大电流情况下的功率管选取与保护问题进行了探讨,对霍尔传感器的位置摆放和逆变电路、驱动电路的设计进行了具体分析。最后,实现了整个硬件系统,并进行了调试,对调试过程中出现的问题进行分析,提出低压大电流时功率管的管压降问题,探讨解决的方法。
论文从理论和实践两方面对永磁无刷直流电机起动/发电系统进行研究,提出基于永磁无刷直流电机的摩托车电源系统改造方案并予以实现,具有一定的理论意义和实用价值。
With the development of power electronics and novel electrical machine, the starter/generator system has been getting more and more attention. It has been a very important part of the aircraft and automobile power system. Its main function is to start the engine and generate electric power after the engine is started. This paper describes the principles and characteristics of the permanent magnet brushless DC motor (PMBLDC) starter/generator system and designs a motorcycle starter/generator system.
At first, the basic structure and operation principle of the PMBLDC starter/generator system are introduced. The statistic characteristics and mathematics model of the motor are founded and analyzed.
Secondly, a method for modeling of PMBLDC in the MATLAB environment is presented, which is suitable for other mixed model system. According to the operation principle of the PMBLDC, a simulation model of the starter/generator is constructed.
The last part of this paper describes the motorcycle power system design and the debugging process. The test waveforms are shown and demonstrate the correctness of the theoretical study and digital simulation.
The research work in this paper has revealed the systematical nature of the PMBLDC starter/generator system and much more research and application should be carried out as soon as possible.
引文
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