摘要
水资源和电力资源是制约发展中国家农村和偏远干旱地区发展的重要因素,而这些地区往往拥有丰富的太阳能资源,因此,发展光伏技术并将其用于水泵系统,合理地开发地下水资源,将给这些地区带来巨大生态和经济效益。
本文在现有研究成果基础上,设计了一种基于数字信号处理器DSP56F8037的光伏水泵控制系统,该系统具备一定的智能保护功能。本文给出了光伏水泵控制系统的硬件电路,并提出了一种改进的无位置传感器无刷直流电机控制方法。文中根据DC/DC拓扑结构,提出一种改进的干扰观察法,使水泵系统与太阳能电池匹配,实现了光伏水泵系统的最大功率点跟踪。主要研究内容如下:
1、研究了传统的最大功率点跟踪算法和复杂的控制算法,分析比较了几种常用的最大功率点跟踪方法。
2、提出了整个系统的控制方案,重点讨论光伏水泵系统的最大功率点实现和无刷直流电机换相策略。
3、设计了光伏水泵控制系统的硬件电路及软件编程;完成了元件参数的选择、电路板的制作、元件的焊接及所有调试工作。
4、通过IR2130控制三相逆变电路驱动电机,着重研究反电动势过零点检测及校正;分析及其补偿了无位置传感器无刷直流电机的转子位置检测误差。
5、对样机实验测试,控制器能够实现无刷直流电机的准确换相,电机起动平稳,带动水泵正常运行。
6、通过实验研究,总结光伏水泵调速等相关问题,并对未来工作进行了展望。
Water and electricity are important factors which dominate the development of rural and remote dry regions in developing countries. Statistically, there are abundant solar energy resources available in those regions. Therefore, developing solar based technologies, such as solar powered pumping systems to exploit groundwater, will bring enormous ecological and economical benefits to these regions.
This thesis introduces the control system design of a solar powered water pump, using a digital signal controller DSP56F8037; the system offers intelligent protection functions. The hardware design and control algorithm of a sensorless Brushless DC(BLDC)drive are presented. Based on the topology of dc-dc converter, a modified adaptive Perturbation and Observation (P&O) method is introduced, which realizes the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) of a solar panel. The main contents of this thesis are as follow:
1、To investigate conventional and advanced control methods of MPPT. To analyze and compare the difference of several methods which were often used.
2、To propose the control scheme of the system, which focuses on realization of MPPT and BLDC commutation.
3、To design the circuit and the software of the solar pumping control system. In particular, the choice of component parameter on circuit, the design procedure of a Printed Circuit Board (PCB), PCB components welding, and the debugging of system.
4、An three-phase inverter is used to drive brushless DC motor, in which the gate driver IC IR2130 is used. To detect and correct the zero-crossing of Back EMF, and conduct analysis and compensation the Rotor Position Detection Error in Sensorless BLDC Motor .
5、A experimental prototype is implemented and tested. The result of the experiment proves that the system can control the sensorles BLDC motor to complete the exact commutation. The proposed system will present a satisfactory static and dynamic performance.
6、To conclude on the problems of speed control of solar water pumping, and define future work.
引文
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