摘要
永磁风力发电系统由于其没有齿轮箱等优点,成为学者们和工业界研究的热点。本文主要针对永磁风力发电系统的机侧整流环节,运用哈密尔顿系统理论中的互联和阻尼配置的无源性控制方法进行了端口受控哈密尔顿(Port-Controlled Hamiltonian,PCH)控制器的设计。
本文首先介绍了端口受控哈密尔顿系统的一些理论知识,针对这个系统,为了控制的稳定,从能量成型的角度进行研究,分析了无源系统和耗散系统的稳定性条件。并对风力发电系统机侧拓扑结构进行了对比,分析了各自的优缺点,最后阐述了本文能量成型控制的整体思想。
其次,基于能量的角度,对永磁风力发电系统进行了子系统划分,把系统划分为机械子系统和电磁子系统,并设计了能量传输结构,然后在永磁风力发电系统机侧d-q模型的基础上,利用端口受控哈密尔顿系统理论建立了被控系统的PCH系统模型。
再次,根据我们所要实现的最大风能跟踪的目标设计了系统的平衡点,通过追踪最佳转速来追踪最大风能,同时解决了包括反对称矩阵,阻尼矩阵的配置,期望能量函数的选择等问题,设计了基于能量控制的PCH控制器来跟踪平衡点,实现最大风能跟踪。
最后利用Matlab/Simulink仿真软件,对永磁风力发电系统机侧控制进行了仿真研究。通过仿真结果验证了所设计的PCH控制器的正确性。
Permanent-magnetic wind power system has drawn worldwide attention, due to its advantages such as no gear box. In this paper, we designed the Port-Controlled Hamiltonian(PCH) controller for the rectifier of permanent-magnetic wind power system, using the interconnection and damping assignment passivity-based control method in the theory of Hamiltonian system.
At first, we introduced some basic informations of Hamiltonian system. We analysised the system using the method of energy shaping from the stabilization. We have given the stability condition of the passivity system and the dissipation system. After contrasting the advantages and disadvantages of various rectifier topologies, the overall design of energy shaping method was derived.
Secondly, basing on the viewpoint of energy shaping, the wind power system was divided into the mechanical subsystem and the electromagnetic subsystem. Energy transmission structure was description on the basis of the two subsystems. Based on the d-q model of the controlled system, we established the model of wind power system in the theory of the port-controlled Hamiltonian system.
Thirdly, the equilibrium point was designed in order to achieve the maximum wind energy tracking strategy. And we solved the problems such as collocating the skew-symmetric matrix and the damping matrix and choosing the desired closed- loop energy function. After that, the PCH controller of the system can track the equilibrium point of the system so as to capture the maximum power from the wind. Finally, the model of permanent-magnetic wind power system was established via Matlab/Simulink simulation. The results confirmed the effect of the PCH controller.
引文
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