摘要
400KW隧道式电烘炉是饼干生产线的关键设备,原来温度控制全靠手工操作,参数设定既繁琐又容易出错,而且实时性差,导致饼干烘烤的效果不理想,既影响产品质量,浪费电能,也满足不了某些特殊饼干生产工艺要求。如何减轻参数设定和调整的工作量,使得系统更加有效率地工作,节约电能消耗,就成为迫切需要解决的问题。
本文以400KW隧道式电烘炉的温度控制系统为研究对象,分析了隧道式电烘炉的结构特点,结合不同品种饼干的温度控制曲线,获得了隧道式电烘炉温度控制系统的数学模型,该模型具有时变、不确定性和非线性等特点。在些基础上,研究了常规PID、改进数字PID和智能PID算法。
通过对常规PID控制算法、积分分离PID控制算法、变速积分PID控制算法、带滤波器的PID控制算法、不完全微分PID控制算法和微分先行PID控制算法等PID控制算法的仿真研究,可知它们都不能满足隧道式电烘炉的温度控制的要求。
根据模糊控制和免疫控制的原理,提出了基于模糊免疫PID控制算法,并将其应用于电烘炉温度控制系统中。仿真结果表明其控制性能优于常规PID控制及改进的数字PID算法,完全满足隧道式电烘炉的控制要求。
400KW tunnel electric oven (TEO) is the key equipment for biscuit production line whose temperature is controlled manually. Parameter settings are cumbersome, error-prone, and real-time worse. These willl not only affect the quality of biscuit, waste electricity power, but also fail to meet some special biscuits production process requirements. It is an important problem to reduce the parameters adjustment, improve the efficiency and save power consumption.
At first, the temperature control of 400 KW TEO is researched and the structure of TEO is analysized. Then, the temperature control system mathematical model of TEO is obtained based on the temperature control curves of different varieties of biscuits. This model is time-varying, uncertain and non-linear. On the basis, conventional PID, improving digital PID and intelligent PID algorithm are researched.
The simulations of conventional PID, integral separation PID, velocity PID with a filter, not fully differential PID and differential first PID control algorithms show that they can not meet the temperature control requirements of TEO.
According to the principle of fuzzy control and immune control, fuzzy immune PID algorithm for temperature control of TEO is proposed. Simulation result show that the control performance of the fuzzy immune PID algorithm is superior to conventional PID and improved digital PID algorithms. It can meet the temperature control requirements of TEO.
引文
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