摘要
情绪冲突是心理学的一个新的研究领域,源自认知冲突的研究。本研究采用情绪启动范式,考察潜意识情绪冲突效应。
本研究分为两组实验,第一组实验采用情绪字词作为启动刺激,以情绪图片作为目标刺激,让被试判断目标刺激的情绪类型。结果发现,在SOA=0ms和SOA=30ms两种情况下,并没有出现情绪冲突;当SOA=-100ms时,发现了情绪一致性效应和序列调整效应,表明此时出现了情绪冲突效应。第二组实验采用情绪面孔作为启动刺激,以不同于启动刺激的情绪面孔作为目标刺激,同样让被试判断目标刺激的情绪类型。结果发现,当SOA=30ms时,有情绪一致性效应和序列调整效应出现,表明此时出现了情绪冲突;当SOA=-100ms时,也出现了情绪一致性效应和序列调整效应,而且还发现目标刺激的情绪价与刺激的一致性的交互作用。表明随着目标刺激情绪价的不同,情绪一致性效应有所不同。
我们的两组实验的结果表明,与SOA=0ms和SOA=30ms相比,在SOA=-100ms的情况下,情绪冲突效应更容易出现。启动刺激为情绪图片时,相比于情绪词,更容易产生情绪冲突效应。
本研究的两组实验说明,人们对情绪信息具有高度敏感性,即使在潜意识条件,也能够分辨出冲突的情况。这对于生物体的生存和适应具有重要意义。
Emotional conflict is a new psychological research field, which is stemmed from the research of cognitive conflict.
This research adopt affective priming paradigm to study effects of subliminal emotional conflict. The research includes two sets of experiments. The first group of experiments uses emotional words as a prime stimulus, use emotional fances as target and request subjects to determine the type of the target. The results showed that, at SOA=0ms and SOA=30ms both cases, there was no emotional conflict; when SOA=-100ms, there is the effect of emotional consistency and sequential adjustment effect, this shows the existence of emotional conflict. The second group of experiments uses emotional faces as prime stimulus, use which differents from priming stimulus emotional faces as target, the same goal is to allow subjects to determine the type of the target. The results showed that, when SOA=30ms, there is consistency of effect of emotion and sequential adjustment effect, this shows the existence of emotional conflict, when SOA =-100ms, there is effect of emotional consistency , sequential adjustment effect , interaction of emotional type of target andemotional consistency.
The results of our two groups showed that SOA =-100ms compared SOA = 0ms and SOA = 100ms, the more likely to have emotional conflict effects. Compared Words as prime stimulus, when emotional faces as stimulus, the more prone to excite effects of emotional conflict.
Our study shows that people have a high degree of emotional sensitivity of information, even at subliminial level, but also be able to identify conflicts. This is significant to organism's survival and adaptation.
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