摘要
印刷包装行业中,都要用到由各种卷绕式机构组成的机械设备。张力控制是卷绕系统中极其重要的一个环节,张力控制效果的好坏直接影响到印刷品的质量:如在收卷时张力波动过大,就会出现松卷、绷卷现象,严重时甚至出现破膜现象使生产无法正常进行,因此良好的张力控制是提高产品质量和生产效率的保证。本文将以凹印机的张力控制系统为研究对象,研究改善系统控制效果的方法。
由于凹印机张力控制系统是一个多输入,强耦合,时变的系统,具有动力学模型变化大,张力-速度强耦合的特点,很容易造成控制系统的不稳定。传统的PID控制方法虽然在一定的控制任务下能达到较好的控制效果,但当凹印机联线速度发生变化时,容易造成纸料张力波动,很难达到满意的控制效果。因此,如何降低张力-速度的强耦合,成为凹印机张力控制的重要课题之一。
为了提高印刷质量,针对张力-速度的耦合关系,必须对传统的张力控制算法进行改进,本文提出了张力-速度PID自适应解耦控制算法。论文以胡克定律和动态力矩平衡为主要依据,在此基础上建立了凹印机张力控制系统的数学模型,分析了凹印机各个张力区张力和速度的耦合关系,并用MATLAB/Simulink工具建立仿真模型,然后对张力和速度采用PID自适应解耦控制方法,并对控制效果进行了仿真,仿真结果表明该方法比其他控制算法更能有效降低张力-速度之间的耦合程度,改善系统的控制效果,达到恒张力控制的目的。
In the printing and packaging industry, the machine which made up of all kinds of winding construction are always employed. Tension control is an extremely important aspect in the control of winding system, the control effect will directly influence the quality of presswork: for example, while the winding tension fluctuates excessively, the presswork may show the phenomenon of loose or tight volume, what's worse, it may even be broken, the production can't continue as usual in result. So good tension control is an assurance to improve production efficiency and product quality, this paper will take the tension control system of gravure machine for the research, study the method how to improve the control effect of the system.
As Gravure Tension Control System is a multi-input, strong coupling, time-varying system, features great dynamics model changing, strong tension-speed coupling, it is easy to cause the control system instable. Although traditional PID control method can achieve good control effect under certain control task, when the work speed of Gravure changed, it's easy to cause the tension of the paper fluctuates, then hard to achieve satisfactory control effect. How to reduce the strong coupling between tension and speed, is one of the important topics in gravure machine tension control.
In order to improve the quality of presswork, aiming at the coupling between tension and speed, we must reconstruct the traditional control strategy, this paper presents a PID self-adaptive decoupling control algorithm. The research of this paper mainly based on Hooker's Law and the theory of Dynamic Moment Balance, then we establish mathematical model of the gravure machine's tension control system, and analyze the coupling relations between each tension zone of gravure machine, after that , we use the tool of MATLAB/Simulink to construct the simulation mode, then we adopt PID self-adaptive decoupling control algorithm for tension and speed and simulate to test the control effect, the simulation results show that this method can reduce the coupling degree between tension and speed than other methods, and also improve the control effect of the system, purpose the constant tension control.
引文
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