摘要
电控机械式自动变速器(AMT)不仅实现了车辆的自动变速,而且保留了传统手动变速器传动效率高,成本低的优点,AMT具有广阔的市场发展前景。AMT电控系统开发过程中,离合器的起步控制是需要解决的关键问题之一,本文针对AMT自动离合器起步过程控制进行了研究,主要内容包括:
1、通过对离合器接合过程中行程变化、转速变化和扭矩变化的分析,将离合器接合过程分为5个阶段:起步前阶段、初始起步阶段、起步加速阶段、趋于同步阶段、同步阶段。以此为基础,根据对当前离合器起步过程各种控制方法的总结与对比,提出了本文的控制策略——多阶段模糊闭环控制,即在起步前阶段和同步阶段采用定速接合控制,在初始起步阶段、起步加速阶段和趋于同步阶段采用模糊闭环控制。
2、建立了基于Matlab/Simulink的车辆动力学模型,通过仿真的方法以验证控制策略的有效性。该模型主要包括发动机扭矩计算模块、离合器接合控制模块、离合器传递扭矩计算模块、逻辑触发信号产生模块、滑磨状态模块、同步状态模块、冲击度计算模块。仿真结果表明:控制策略可行。
3、在电控单元开发过程中,根据功能的需要,详细介绍了MC9S12DT128单片机各模块的初始化方法,开发了模拟信号采集子程序、频率信号采集子程序、离合器电动执行机构控制子程序、模糊控制子程序。基于MC9S12系列单片机的模糊控制程序实现是关键,详细介绍了隶属函数和模糊控制规则的表示方法以及基于汇编语言的模糊控制程序开发流程。为了便于控制系统中的参数设置及优化,本文开发了基于CANape的标定系统,重点介绍了该系统驱动程序的开发、ASAP2文件的生成及更新、标定界面的配置等。
4、在此基础上进行了台架实验,结合标定系统优化了控制策略中离合器接合过程的分界条件,起步前阶段和同步阶段的接合速度,初始起步阶段、起步加速阶段和趋于同步阶段的目标值等参数的设置。实验结果表明:离合器接合过程中冲击度和滑磨功都在允许范围内,能够实现汽车快速、平稳起步。
Automatic mechanical transmission (AMT) is not only has the character of automatic transmission, but also has high transmission efficiency and low cost of a traditional manual product Therefore, AMT has a broad market prospect.In the process of developing the electronic control system, starting-control of clutch is one of the key issues to be resolved This paper is studied on starting process control of automatic clutch for AMT, mainly include:
1.Through the analysis of the stroke changes, speed variates,torque change in the engagement process, it was divded into five stages: before-starting stage, initial-starting stage, starting-accelerate stage, tend to synchronous stage and synchronous stage On this basis, current control strategies for starting process of clutch were summarized, and multi-stage fuzzy colsed-loop control strategy was designed For constant-velocity engagement strategy was introduced in before-starting stage and synchronous stage, but colsed-loop control strategy was adopted in initial-starting stage, starting-accelerate stage and tend to synchronous stage
2.The vehicle dynamics model was designed based on Matlab/Simulink,and simulation was taken out to verify the effectiveness of the control strategy.The model mainly includes: calculation module of engine torque, module of clutch engagment controller, calculation module of clutch for torque transmission, signal generation module of logic trigger, slipping state module, synchronization state module and calculation module of jerk The test results show that the control strategy is feasible, bench test can be carried out
3.In the process of develop control system, according to the requirement of function, the initialization for modules of MC9S12DT128, analog signal acquisition program, frequency signal acquisition program, control program for actuator of clutch and fuzzy control program The fuzzy control based on MC9S12 single chip micro-controller is the key point, the development process of membership function, representation of fuzzy control rules and program of fuzzy control based on assembly language In order to set and optimize the parameters in the control system, calibration system based on CANape was developed In this paper, the development of the drive programm for the calibration system, the generate and update of ASAP2 files, configuration of calibration interface and so on was highlighted
4.The bench test was taken out, Segmentate-condition of engagement process, engagement velocity in before-starting stage and synchronization stage, set of target value in initial-starting stage, initial acceleration stage and tend to synchronization stage with the calibration system The test results show that: for the jerk and friction work of the engagement process is in allowable range, the autombile can be started fastly and smoothly
引文
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