摘要
本文借鉴国内外激光扫描系统的研究经验,对三维激光扫描仪硬件和软件实现的关键技术进行了深入地研究和探讨。并对软件设计的模块进行了详细的介绍。
本论文研究主要集中在以下几个方面:
(1)首先对现有的三维信息获取方法进行了归纳和分类,分析了这些方法的优点和缺陷,指出了当前该领域亟待解决的问题及研究的热点。
(2)三维激光扫描扫描仪的总体设计方案包括硬件设计方案,软件设计方法,在硬件设计方法中重点介绍了精密数据采集系统地研制方案。
(3)三维激光扫描仪数据采集系统的实现方案。介绍了距离数据的获取原理方法。在总结前人工作的基础上,从系统的角度,对三维信息获取系统的误差来源、成因以及误差传递进行了详细地分析。编码器对角度数据的测量获取,距离数据和角度数据的融合、同步匹配。
(4)扫描仪和计算机的数据通信中通讯协议的研究,三维扫描数据通讯的方法和软件设计实现,计算机数据的通信方式介绍。
通过针对不同对象的大量扫描实验,验证了系统的正确性和有效性。提出了开发实时三维扫描系统、多方位扫描系统等后续系统的设想和技术思路。总结了本论文研究的主要结论、提出了需要解决的问题、对后续研究工作进行了探讨。
In this paper, laser scanning system at home and abroad from the research experience, the 3D laser scanner hardware and software to achieve the key technology in-depth study and discussion. And software modules designed a detailed introduction.
In this paper, mainly concentrated in the following areas:
(1) In this paper, the existing three-dimensional methods to obtain information and summed up the classification, these methods of the strengths and shortcomings, pointing out that the current urgent need to resolve this area of the hot issues and research.
(2) 3-D laser scanner scans the overall design programmes including hardware design, software design, hardware design approach focuses on a sophisticated data collection system and development programme.
(3) 3-D laser scanner data acquisition system for the programme. On the principle of access to data from the method. In summing up the work on the basis of their predecessors, from the point of view, the three-dimensional access to information systems sources of error, error causes and transmission carried out a detailed analysis. Encoder to the point of the measurement data access, data and distance from the perspective of data integration, synchronization match.
(4) scanners and computer data communication protocol in the study, three-dimensional scan data communication methods and software design and implementation, computer control of data communication channels.
The large number of different target groups through the scanning experiment to verify the accuracy and effectiveness of the system. To the development of real-time 3D scanning systems, multi-directional scanning system, and other follow-up system of ideas and technical ideas. This paper summarizes the main findings of the study, by the need to address the issue of the follow-up studies were discussed.
引文
[1] 冯文灏.近景摄影测量—物体外形与运动状态的摄影法测定.武汉:武汉大学出版社,2002
[2] 宋德闻,胡广洋.徕卡 HDS 应用于秦俑二号坑数字化工程.《测绘通报》,2006,(6)
[3] 郑德华,雷伟刚.地面三维激光影像扫描测量技术.铁路航测,2003,(2)
[4] 徕卡 HDS 系列随机资料:Cyra 2500 用户手册,Cyclone 使用手册,HDS 宣传资料
[5] 周克勤等,三维激光影像扫描技术在古建测绘与环保中的应用.工程勘测,2004
[6] 陈晓宁,现代测绘仪器学.西安:西安地图出版社,2003 59~97
[7] 王之卓,摄影测量原理.北京测绘出版社,1982,105～110
[8] W. Grudzien, A. Sonntag,G .Seliger “Operating system for laser scanners”IWF-Institute for Machine Tools and Factory Management Department of Assembly Technology and Factory Management.Technical University Berlin Pascalstr.8-9,10587 Berlin ,Germany
[9] Peter Axelsson “Processing of laser scanner data—algorithms and applications ”ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry & Remote Sensing.54 1999, 138–147
[10] J.M. Birginiea, T. Rivasb,_“Use of a laser camera scanner to highlight the surface degradation of stone samples subjected to artificial weathering” Building and Environment .40 (2005), 755–764
[11] ttp://www.measurseekworld.com/prod/laica/laser/?hiny-ait
[12] H. Golnabi “Image evaluation for the synchronised laser scanning systems” Optics & Laser Technology .31 (1999), 225±232
[13] Willian Buchanan.Pc Interfacing, Communications and Windows Programming. Arrangemeng and Addision Wesley Longman Inc.2001, 230～237
[14] Seokbae Son, Hyunpung Park, Kwan H. Lee “Automated laser scanning system for reverse engineering andinspection” International Journal of Machine Tools & Manufacture .42 (2002), 889–897
[15] James Albamont, Ardeshir Goshtasby* “A range scanner with a virtual laser” Image and Vision Computing .21 (2003) ,271–284
[16] 郑德华等,地面三维激光影像扫描测量技术.铁路航测,2003
[17] 范海英等,Cyrax 三维激光扫描系统的工程应用研究.矿山测量,2004,3
[18]田晓东,史桂蓉,阮雪榆.复杂曲面实物的逆向工程及其关键技术.机械设计与制造,2000. 29(4):1~3
[39]朱立新,钱宇红,储飞黄等.WINDOWS 95 环境下系统控制软件的编程.1998,6
[40]刘裙,刘晶,居滋培.某于 Win32 环境控制软件的设计技术.计算机工程与应用,2002,2:105~ 108
[41]袁志勇,苏光奎.用 VC++编写 Windows 硬件 vo 接口程序.电脑学习,1998,6
[42]童时中.模块化与计算机软件设计.标准化报道,1997,18(4):20~25
[43]张海藩.软件工程导论(第三版).北京:清华大学出版社,1998
[44]王卫东一种常用工业控制软件设计模式的应用.冶金动力,2003,96(2):65~67
[45]董丽丽,王晓萍.工业自动控制软件设计方法.石油仪器,1998,12(1)44~47
[46]王建华等译.Windows 核心编程.北京:机械工业出版社,2002
[47]迟关心,孔振宇,马骏等.开发 Windows 环境下实时系统的新方法.哈尔滨理工大学学报,1997,2(6):54~57
[48]李传日,袁宏杰,易萍.Windows95 下实时控制软件设计的研究.测控技术,2000,19(12):32~34
[49]邵清,倪莉.基于多线程技术的串行通信可视化程序设计.中原工学院学报,2002,13(4):68~71
[50]宋国杰,王黎明,柴玉梅.一个多线程面向对象的程序设计模型.郑州大学学报(自然科学版),2000,32(3):20~23
[51]张程,汪秉文.多线程技术在工业控制中的应用.工业控制计算机,2002,15(3):58~61