摘要
随着我国工业的迅速发展,螺杆泵、螺杆压缩机以及螺杆挤出机等螺旋机械,由于其优越的性能,在石油、化工、军工等很多行业得到了广泛应用。螺杆作为螺旋机械的核心部件,其制造方法和性能直接影响螺旋机械的性能。对于螺杆的制造方法,目前只有单头螺杆使用效率较高的内旋风铣削方法进行加工,两头及两头以上螺杆均采用外包络铣削方法进行加工,该方法对两头螺杆的加工因切削量较大效率较低,而由于受螺杆长度及内旋风铣头摆角的限制,难以实现用内旋风铣削方法加工按传统方法进行两头凸螺杆的加工。
为了解决内旋风铣削方法加工两头或三头凸螺杆问题,需要研究当内旋风铣头在规定的摆角内铣削圆柱形毛坯时,可能铣削出来的螺杆曲面形状,并对该螺旋转子曲面进行分析,形成其共轭的定子,从而使内旋风铣削方法能够实现两头凸螺杆的加工,提高加工的效率。本文首先将实际问题进行了数学建模,研究了一种沿某个角度切面为圆形的特殊螺旋面,详细分析了这种螺旋面的形成原理及该曲面所具有的性质,得了这种特殊螺旋面的方程。其次,利用工程中共轭曲线的定义,通过三次样条插值方法求出了这种特殊螺旋面端截形曲线的共轭曲线,进而得出了这种特殊螺旋面的共轭曲面。最后,使用VC环境和C++语言编制了相应的计算机程序进行实际计算,并显示出各种摆角下的二维定、转子图形曲线,利用该程序辅助进行定子与转子啮合的性能分析,从而得出了工程中铣头的最佳摆角。
本文的研究工作将一般螺旋面的形成方法进行了扩充,将构建曲线的共轭曲线方法进行了推广和应用,为将内旋风铣削方法推广到两头凸螺杆加工做了必要的理论准备。研究表明,结合论文所给出的新型螺旋面设计,可以将内旋风铣方法成功应用于两头凸螺杆,且其原理可以推广到三头凸螺杆,有利于进一步提高螺杆加工效率。
With the rapid development of our country's industries, screw pump, screw compressor and screw extruders and other screw machines, because of their superior performances, they have been widely used in the area of petroleum, chemical, military, and many other industries. As the core components of screw machine, its manufacturing methods and properties of a direct impact on the performance of screw machined. For the screw manufacturing methods, At present, only single-head screw in the use of more efficient methods of whirlwind milling process. The outsourcing network disk milling cutter is used for two and more than two screws, Because of large amount of processing, the method to two-screw cutting is less efficient. Known convex contour of the two screw length and screw because of the internal rotation limit swinging angle milling head, internal whirlwind milling methods have not been able to achieve. This article based on the actual processing studies the shape of screw surface, and the analysis of the spiral rotor surface to form a conjugate of the stator, when the swing milling head milling cylindrical blank by the required angle. So that within the whirlwind milling method to achieve the two convex screws processing, improve processing efficiency.
In order to solve within the whirlwind milling method of processing two or three convex screw problems, we need to look inside the cyclone when the required swing angle milling head milling cylindrical blank, it may screw surface milling out of shape, and the analysis of the spiral rotor surface to form a conjugate of the stator, so that within a whirlwind milling method can to achieve two convex screw processing, improve processing efficiency. First, we use mathematical modeling to solve practical problems, developing a special spiral surface with the oblique plane is a circle, study the formation of such a helical surface and the surface of nature, and it obtains such a special helical surface equation; The paper provided the necessary theoretical preparation by making within the whirlwind milling method extending to the processing of two convex screws. The paper described the definition of the curve of engineering conjugated and comes to this special spiral shaped curve of surface side cross sectional conjugate curve and the conjugate helical surfaces of particular surface, by three times spline interpolation through the fitting method. We use VC++ computer programming language, shows that under a variety of swinging angle of the two-dimensional stator and rotor graph; Through the stator and rotor meshing analysis and milling head can be put to change the angle of the stator of different types of lines, which can be drawn works best swing angle milling head.
This study has expanded generally helical surface formation method, the method of building a curve conjugate curve has been the promotion and application, This study has done the necessary theoretical preparation to the whirlwind milling method which is extended to the two convex screw machining, makes it possible that whirlwind milling method can process more than a single head protruding screw, improves the processing efficiency, this paper has a certain theoretical value and practical significance.
引文
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