摘要
在当今严酷生态环境、天候与超负荷的多种不同使用环境下,诸如高速公路、海工、水工、酸雨、碳化等环境负荷与日俱增的环境下,土木工程、建筑工程中的混凝土结构,在寿命周期内,其耐久性及安全性严重不足。维护与维修费用高速倍增,与此同时,各类废渣排量大增,需要及时处理。研究高效利用废渣制备新型修补材料,可有效地解决上述问题。
研究以利用效率低的钛渣、锂渣、石灰石粉为主要原材料,旨在提高它们的利用效率,增加其附加价值,改善环境,在满足不同使用环境条件下的混凝土结构的维护与维修,保证结构维持在使用年限的耐久性及安全性的同时,进而获得良好的经济与环境效益。本研究是在已有研究成果(如钛矿渣与超磨细石灰石粉复合掺合料可制备水泥用量少的超高强混凝土[1];以矿渣、硅灰和钛矿渣等多种材料按一定比例混磨而成的一种复合矿物超细粉,在减少水泥用量的同时,提高了混凝土的抗硫酸盐侵蚀和抗酸雨能力,是提高混凝土在恶劣环境下耐久性的有效措施[2])的基础上,采用超塑化剂和多种矿物粉体掺合料的“复掺”途径,以磨细钛渣为主要矿物掺合料,复合掺入矿渣、锂渣、粉煤灰、石灰石粉等,并针对材料的不同特点,进行超细磨及外加剂改性。采用超细粉及其复合工艺,研究了不同矿物掺合料的复合效应及复合掺合料制备工艺、外加剂等对修补砂浆工作性能、力学性能、粘结强度、耐磨性及干缩的影响。
本研究在实验室条件下筛选了五种修补砂浆,结果表明:钛矿渣可以用作普通硅酸盐水泥基修补砂浆掺合料的有效组份。用钛渣掺合料能等量取代20%～30%的水泥,可备制出性能良好的高强度修补砂浆。钛渣与其它矿物掺合料如矿渣、锂渣、粉煤灰、石灰石粉复掺,等量取代20%～50%的水泥,也能配制出性能优良的高强度的修补砂浆。钛渣的掺入可以提高修补砂浆的抗折强度,降低修补砂浆的脆性。所制备的修补砂浆可用于混凝土的路面、建筑修补。
以粘结抗折强度作为新老材料粘结性能的评定指标。配制的三种修补材料分别修补被折断的钛渣复合渣砂浆,粘结抗折强度测试结果表明新老砂浆具有良好的粘结性能。28d粘结抗折强度最低达到5.7 MPa,最高达到6.9 MPa。
钛渣复合渣修补砂浆具有较好的耐久性。钛渣能减小砂浆的干缩,提高砂浆的耐磨性能。复掺锂渣能进一步提高砂浆的耐磨性能,降低干缩,且其强度较高,可用于对强度、耐磨有较高要求的道路路面的修补。
In today's harsh ecological environment, weather and use overload in various of environments such as highways, marine, hydraulic, acid rain and carbonation, the burden on the environment is increasing day and day, In the life cycle, civil engineering and construction of concrete structures is serious shortage on the durability and safety. The costs of maintenance and repair increase high-speed, at the same time, it is timely to treatment the various types of waste residue emissions. Study on the efficient use of new repair preparated by titanium can effectively solute these problems.
Research to take advantage of low efficiency titanium Slag, lithium slag, limestone powder as the main raw materials, can improve their efficiency and increase their added value and improve the environment. At the same time, it can meet the concrete structure maintenance and repair under the conditions of the different environments, ensure the structure of the durability and safety in the life cycle and produce a good economic and environmental benefits.
This study is on the basis of research results such as the super high strength is achieved successfully where cement can be replaced with super-fine limestone powder and titanium slag powder[1], a complex mineral superfine powder is made by grinding the mixs of slag, silica fume and titanium slag in certain proportion, the concrete's resistance to sulfate attack and acid rain is enhanced greatly, powder is an effective way to reduce environment pollution and improve durability of concrete under severe conditions[2].This study used a superplasticizer and ererted“both added”technic of various mineral powders admixtures, used grinded titanium slag as the major mineral admixture, add with slag, lithium slag, fly ash, limestone powder, modified and ultra-fine grinding admixture according to the different characteristics of materials. And this study used ultra-fine powder and ererted“both added”technic to study the impact on the repair mortar's work performance, mechanical properties, bond strength, wear resistance performance and shrinkage.
Five kinds of repair mortars with diffetent properties had been prepared on the condition of lab, The results showed that titanium slag can be used to the effective components of the ordinary portland cement-based repair mortar. Titanium Slag admixture replace the basis of 20% to 30% of the cement can be produced repair mortar with good performance and high-strength. Even titanium Slag and other mineral admixture such as slag, lithium slag, fly ash, limestone powder-doped equivalent to replace 20 percent to 50 percent of the cement, it also can be prepared the excellent performance of high-strength mortar repair.Incorporation with titanium Slag can increase the repair mortar bending strength, reduce repair mortar brittle, and the mortar can be used to repair the concrete pavement, building repair, and so on.
Using bend strength as appraisal index to evaluate the bond properties between the old and new material. Preparation of the three repair materials were being repaired broken Titanium Slag composite mortar residue, bonded bending strength test results showed that the new and old mortar has a good adhesive properties. 28d bond bending strength to achieve the minimum 5.7 MPa, up to 6.9 MPa.
Added with titanium slag and other mineral powders admixtures, The repairs mortars has good durability. Titanium slag can reduce the shrinkage and improve the wear-resisting performance of the mortar. Both added with lithium, thewear-resistance performance of the mortar can be further enhanced,and the shrinkage is reduced. At the same time, the repair mortars has high strength, So it can be used to repair the road with high requirements in strength and wear-resistance.
引文
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