摘要
有机光致变色材料以其优良性能广泛应用于光存储和光信息处理中。论文主要研究了两种光致变色材料—菌紫质和俘精酸酐的光致变色和光致各向异性特性以及它们在全息光存储和光信息处理方面应用，完成了以下几方面的工作：
1．研究了菌紫质和俘精酸酐样品的光致变色特性。采用一阶近似、数值计算和经验公式拟合的方法对光致变色特性进行理论分析和实验曲线拟合，得到了光反应速率常数γ拟合值。理论分析和实验发现，单稳态菌紫质样品的光致变色时间动力学曲线是光强依赖型；双稳态俘精酸酐样品则为曝光量依赖型；紫光影响红光或绿光光强透过率曲线。两种样品光致变色具有饱和吸收特性。
2．研究了菌紫质和俘精酸酐样品的光致各向异性特性。用一阶近似理论计算了俘精酸酐样品二向色性随曝光量变化曲线。测量了单光束和双光束作用下的光致各向异性，发现偏振方向正交的紫光可以提高红光的光致各向异性。比较俘精酸酐样品两态的吸收和折射率差与光致各向异性二向色性和双折射率随波长的变化，阐述了光致各向异性产生的机理是偏振选择激发引起两个方向的吸收和透过率不同。
3．研究了菌紫质和俘精酸酐样品的全息存储特性。比较了两类材料的感光光谱范围，感光灵敏度，空间分辨率，抗疲劳性，热稳定性等性能。分析了不同偏振全息衍射光的偏振态以及衍射效率。利用一阶近似和数值计算对不同偏振全息衍射效率随时间变化曲线进行了拟合。全息存储是基于样品的光致变色和光致各向异性特性，由于曝光时间过度，样品在非线性区记录，会使全息光栅调制度下降引起衍射效率下降。理论上和实验证明，加入适量的紫光可以使光栅调制度提高，衍射效率提高。根据理论和实验结果对于提高衍射效率的全息记录条件进行了探讨。
4．利用不同全息存储技术在菌紫质和俘精酸酐样品上进行了全息图像存储实验，包括参考光再现与共轭光再现技术、透射式与反射式记录技术、夫琅和费全息存储与傅里叶变换全息存储技术、不同偏振全息及不同复用技术，以达到提高衍射效率、衍射像的信噪比和存储密度的目的。利用紫光提高了全息衍射像的信噪比和衍射效率。建立了傅里叶变换正交圆偏振全息存储光路，
Organic photochromic materials have many excellent properties which have applied in the field of information processing and optical storage. The mainly work in this paper is about two kind of materials - bacteriorhodopsin(BR) and fulgide. The photochromic and photoinduced anisotropy properties of both materials and the applications of them in the field of information processing and optical storage were studied. The following are the achievement.
1. The photochromic properties of BR and fulgide films were studied. The first-order approximation formulae, numerical calculation and experiential formulae methods were used to analyze the photochromic properties of materials and fit the transmission kinetic curve, the photochemical reaction constant γ of different wavelengths were obtained. It demonstrated that the transmission kinetic curve of BR is intensity depended while fulgide is exposure depended. The transmission kinetic curve in red light and green light will be effected by the irridation of purple light. Both materials have the saturation absorption.
2. The characteristic of the photoinduced anisotropy of two materials were studied. The dichroism kinetic curve of fulgide film was theoretical calculated according to first-order approximation formulae. The results demonstrate that the perpendicular polarization UV light can improve the photoinduced anisotropy of red light. The photoinduced absorption and refractive index change between two states were similar to the dichroism and birefringence spectrum showed that mechanism of the photoinduced anisotropy is result from the polarization exciting.
3. The holography characteristics of the materials were studied. The optical storage properties of both materials were compared such as sensitive spectral range, sensitivity, spatial resolution, fatigue resistance and thermal stability. The polarization state and the diffraction efficiency in different polarization holography were analyzed. The diffraction efficiency kinetic curve of both films were theoretical calculated according to first-order approximation formulae and numerical calculation The hologram is recorded based on the photochromic and photoinduced anisotropy properties. Due to overexposure, the hologram is recorded in nonlinear area, the distribution of the transmission of the holographic gratings deviates from the cosine-like shape. As a result, the diffraction efficiency is very low. The kinetic curves of diffraction efficiency were fit with first-order approximation formulae, numerical calculation and experiential formulae methods. It is proved by experimental result and theoretical calculate that proper auxiliary irradiation of 405nm violet light will improve the diffraction efficiency, the distribution of the transmission of the holographic gratings back to cosine-like shape. It is discussed that the recording
引文
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