摘要
随着J2EE技术大规模的应用,EJB技术受到广泛的质疑。EJB技术给J2EE应用开发带来了严重的复杂性和巨大的开销。降低J2EE的复杂性开始成为开发者的主要关注点。目前,在开源社区大量出现的开源框架为我们的轻量级架构开发方法研究提供了强大的支持。
本文对比分析了传统J2EE架构和轻量级J2EE架构的优缺点,推荐采用轻量级基础架构而尽量避免使用EJB进行J2EE开发,对多层轻量级架构理论及框架结构进行了详细的研究,具体分析了Struts、Spring和Hibernate这三个代表性框架各自的特性。重点就轻量级容器的核心机制控制反转和面向方面编程展开了深入的探讨。
本文以Spring框架为主要研究对象,具体研究了如何在容器管理、面向方面编程、事务管理、数据持久化、远程调用等方面用轻量级方案替代EJB,同时就如何将Struts、Spring和Hibernate等各层框架合理整合给出了具体的解决方案。轻量级容器启动快,可方便配置,能够管理任何粒度的对象,它借助控制反转,通过xml文件配置对象之间以及对象和轻量级容器的依赖关系,解决了组件装配的问题,使开发人员可以专心处理业务逻辑。同时轻量级方案通过面向方面编程(AOP)为Java普通对象提供声明性企业级服务,实现轻量级框架的无侵入性、灵活性和可扩展性。
论文最后设计并实现出一个基于J2EE轻量级架构的网上购书系统。实验结果验证了框架整合的开发能力,提高了开发效率,增加了应用系统的可维护性,可扩展性和可移植性。
While the J2EE is widely employed in applications, there are a lot of questions on EJB. The EJB technique brings a lot of complexities and enormous expenses to the J2EE applications. Reducing the complexity of J2EE development has become the main concern. At present, many open-source frameworks which origin J2EE open source provide strong support for our lightweight development methodology framework.
This thesis analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of the lightweight J2EE architecture by contrast with the traditional J2EE architecture. We are inclined to choose the lightweight framework and to avoid using EJB technique in J2EE Application. This thesis does a deep research on the multi-layer lightweight framework theory, makes a detailed study on the respective characteristics of three frameworks: Struts, Spring and Hibernate. It also makes a deep discussion on the core mechanism of lightweight container: IoC and AOP.
This thesis focuses on the research of how to use Spring framework to replace EJB in container management, aspect-oriented programming, transaction management, remote invocation, data persistence and so on. we give a specific solution about how to exactly integrate Struts, Spring and Hibernate together. Lightweight containers start fast and light. It can be easily configured and manage any size of the object. Lightweight container uses IoC to resolve the assembly of component object, so developers can concentrate on business logic. Based on aspect-oriented programming, lightweight can provide enterprise-level services, achieve realization of no-instrusion, flexibility and scalability.
Finally the thesis designs and realizes an online shopping books system based on the lightweight J2EE architecture. Experimental results validate the integration and development capabilities of the architecture and improve development efficiency, increase the maintainability, scalability and portability of the application system.
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