摘要
随着电子技术和计算机技术的快速发展,嵌入式系统已经被广泛地应用于人类生活的方方面面。目前的嵌入式微处理器种类繁多,体系结构也各不相同,这降低了嵌入式软件的通用性,进而阻碍了嵌入式系统的发展与普及。如何能够合理重用现有的软件代码来提高软件开发的效率已经成为嵌入式软件开发中的一个主要研究方向。目前,广泛应用的方法是采用嵌入式虚拟机技术来解决不同嵌入式平台的软件重用问题。
本文主要研究了一种基于ATmega128单片机的嵌入式虚拟机。其中研究了嵌入式硬件平台,包括原理图设计、PCB设计制作、硬件调试等;通过对JAVA虚拟机的深入分析后,借鉴其核心思想给出了基于AVR单片机的虚拟机规范定义;重点研究了虚拟机的设计与实现,且针对系统软件的高效性等特点,使用C语言和汇编语言混合编程的方法开发出了嵌入式堆栈虚拟机(ESVM)原型;研究了主机端开发环境的设计问题,开发了基于MFC应用程序框架的可视化主机端软件,该软件为用户提供了应用程序的编辑、编译等基本功能。另外,本文还开发了一个目标代码下载器,使用该下载器把编译生成的目标代码通过串口下载到目标机端。最后,本文对系统的运行效果进行了验证。
With the rapid development of electronics technology and computer science, the embedded system has been used widely and it has a tendency of being a part of people’s daily lives. Due to the various types and different architectures of the MCUs, it downs low the universal use of the embedded software and slows the development and utilize fields .The solution how to reuse software code to increase the efficiency of software’s development would be a main research direction of the embedded software system. Nowadays, embedded virtual machine is used widely to solve the software reuse in different platforms.
This thesis researches on the virtual machine based on the ATmega128. First, this thesis builds the embedded hardware platform, including the principle design, PCB design and hardware debug, and so on. Second, uses for reference on the specification of Java Virtual Machine, defines the specification of the ESVM, and realize it on the ATmega128 MCU. Later on, it is mainly researched on the design and realize of the virtual machine. This thesis creates the ESVM virtual machine using C language and the assemble language. In order to make it easy to use, we design visual client software which is base on MFC. This software supports easy interfaces for the edition, compile. Besides, we realize a downloader which can download the compiled object code into the target though the serial port.At last, this thesis shows the running result of the target system, and gives the detail introduction .
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