南水北调东线沿线城市水环境容量及其可利用性研究
详细信息    本馆镜像全文|  推荐本文 |  |   获取CNKI官网全文
摘要
淮安市水域为淮水下泄及其南水北调东线调水保护区的交汇区,其水环境容量计算及其可利用性研究,对于南水北调东线及淮安市的水环境保护具有重要的理论意义与实践价值。
     论文以南水北调东线沿线城市——淮安市为研究对象,在分析其水环境容量特征的基础上,对区域内主要河流的理想环境容量进行了数学模拟、计算与可利用性分析,论文的主要研究内容和研究成果如下:
     (1)对研究区域水系特征、水体污染物分布特征以及水环境容量特征进行了分析;提出利用区域汇水实现水环境容量的均衡配置;探讨了水环境容量的有偿化使用的机制,并对其实施的可行性和推行途径进行了研究;
     (2)基于水环境容量的概念,利用WASP5模型以及水动力模型进行了水环境容量设计参数的推求,并进行了模型的率定、验证;估算出研究区域河道水质降解系数COD_(Mn)在0.1-0.27d~(-1)之间,氨氮降解系数在0.08-0.2d~(-1)之间;利用建立的水环境容量模型进行了淮安市各功能区河道不同水平年的环境容量的理论计算;
     (3)对淮安市各功能区河道不同水平年的入河污染负荷进行了推算;并根据区域水环境容量,提出了污染物总量控制要求,并对淮安市水环境容量的合理利用提出了建议。
Huai An City water area is a drainage network intersectant area of Huaihe River and the east line of the project of transferring water from southern to northern, and its water environment capacity and the availability research is having important theory and practice worth to the South-to-North water diversion east line and the Huai An City water environment protection.
     The paper researched Huai An City which is along the line of the project of transferring water from southern to northern. On the basis of analysing its water environment capacities characteristics, the paper simulated, calculated and analyzed the water environment capacity and availability of the study area river. The main content and result of the paper as follows:
     (1)The water system and water pollution and water environment capacity characteristics were analyzed. The water balance of area distribution was suggested by area carrying water. Compensable having discussed to use the water environment capacity, and the possibility and the promoted path to carry out that the water environment capacity resources were analyzed.
     (2)On the basis of the water environment capacity theory, calculated the designed parameter of the water environment capacity with the WASP5 model and water dynamical model. And calculated the water environment capacity of Huai An City water area in different time with the water environment capacity model.
     (3)The pollution burthen into the river in different time was calculated in different function area in Huai An City. And with the water environment capacity, calculated the amount of the pollution cutting. The corresponding measures for pollutant discharge were proposed, so that the total pollutant amount controlling was carried out and the water resource can be protected.
引文
[1].中国社会科学院环境与发展研究中心,中国环境与发展总论(第二卷),北京:社会科学文献出版社.2004
    [2].Schultz,Cz A,郑丰译.21世纪可持续发展的水战略[M],北京:中国环境科学出版社:1997.50~56
    [3].周密编着,流域水污染物总量控制[M],北京:中国环境科学出版社,1996
    [4].国家环境保护局编,总量控制技术手册[M],北京:中国环境科学出版社,1990
    [5].夏青.流域水污染总量控制.北京:中国环境科学出版社,1996
    [6].梁博,王晓燕.我国水环境污染物总量控制研究的现状与展望[J].首都师范大学学报(自然科学版),2005,26(1):93~98
    [7]. U. S. EPA, Protocol for Developinn Nutrient TMDLs[R]. Office of Water 4503F Washington DC 20460, EPA 841-B-99-007, t999
    [8].杨鲁豫,王琳,我国水资源污染治理的技术策略,给排水,2001,27(1):94~101
    [9]. Fujiwara O, Gnanendran S K, Ohgaki S. River quality management under stochastic streamflow. J. Environ. Eng., 1986, 112(2): 185-198.
    [10]. Mujumdar, Pradeep P., Vemula, V. R. Subbarao. Fuzzy waste load allocation model: Simulation-optimization approach. Journal of Computing in Civil Engineering. 2004, 18(2): 120~131.
    [11]. Shiyu Li, Tohru Morioka. Optimal allocation of waste loads in a fiver with probabilistic tributary flow under transverse mixing. Water Environ. Res. 1999, 71 (2): 152~162.
    [12]. Shiyu Li. A programming model for river quality management under transverse mixing. Water Sci. Tech., 1992, 26(7~8): 1823~1830.
    [13]. Joshi V, Modak P. Heuristic algorithms for waste load allocation in a river basin. Water Sci. Tech., 1989, 21 (8~9): 1057~1064.
    [14]. Cho, J. H., Ahn, K. H., Chung, Wook Jin. Waste load allocation for water quality management of a heavily polluted river using linear programming. Water Sci. Technol. 2003, 48(10): 185~190.
    [15]. Burn D H, Yulianti J. S. Waste~load allocation using genetic algorithms. Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management. 2001, 127(2): 121~129.
    [16]. Kerachian R., Karamouz M.. Waste~load allocation model for seasonal river water quality management: Application of Sequential Dynamic Genetic Algorithms. Scientia Iranica. 2005, 12(2): 117~130.
    [17]. Scherer, CharlesR. On the efficient aocation of environmental assimilative caPacity: the case of thermal emissions to a garge body of water. Water Resource Research, 1975, 11(1): 180~181
    [18].徐肇忠.城市环境规划.武汉测绘科技大学出版社.1999
    [19].周孝德,郭瑾珑,程文等.水环境容量计算方法研究[J].西安理工大学学报,1999,15(3):1~6
    [20].王灿发.中华人民共和国水污染防治法阐释.北京:中国环境科学出版社.1997:4~25.
    [21].赵庆良.开封市河流水质变化趋势与水环境容量研究.河南大学硕士学位论文.2003.5
    [22].夏青.沱江水环境容量研究.沱江水环境容量课题鉴定材料.1985
    [23].韩龙喜,姚琪,张健.南通水系片水环境容量及污染综合治理研究.河海大学学报.1998,26(1):114~118.
    [24].郑英铭,高建群.河流水环境容量的研究.环境科学.1990,11(3):63~69.
    [25].徐祖信,卢士强,林卫青.潮汐河网水环境容量的计算分析.上海环境科学.2003,22(4):254~257.
    [26].陈振洪.双向流模型在河段水环境容量计算中的应用探讨.福建师范大学福清分校学报.2005,69(2):5~8.
    [27].赵玉强,张丽君,乔卓.沈阳市水环境容量测算及其方法的研究.环境保护科学.2003,29(6):9~11,18.
    [28].顾珏蓉,徐祖信,林卫青.苏州河水系水动力模型建立及研究[J].上海环境科学,2002,21(10):606~609.
    [29].吴汉涛.汉江水环境容量分配研究[R].中国水利学会2002年学术年会论文集,300~304.
    [30].徐贵泉,褚君达,吴祖扬等.感潮河网水环境容量影响因素研究[J].水科学进展,2000,11(4):375~380.
    [31].杨志平,孙伟.河流动态水环境容量计算方法探讨
    [32].李开明,陈铣成.东莞运河水环境容量优化研究.环境科学研究,1991,(10):13~16.
    [33].郑孝宇,褚君达,朱维斌.河网非稳态水环境容量研究[J].水科学进展,1997,8(1):24~31.
    [34].曹芦林.河段水环境容量计算方法探讨.上海环境科学,1998,(1):15~18.
    [35].徐祖信,卢士强.潮汐河网水环境容量的计算分析.上海环境科学,2003,22(4):254~257
    [36].丁训静,姚琪.苏州水网水量调控研究[J].河海大学学报,1995,23(5):81-87.
    [37].孙程.渭河陕西段水环境容量的计算模拟.西安建筑科技大学硕士论文.2004.3
    [38].王丽娟.成都新都区水环境容量研究.西南交通大学硕士论文.2005.6
    [39].翁焕新.城市水资源控制与管理.浙江大学出版社,2000,234~241
    [40].张永良,刘培哲.水环境容量综合手册.北京:清华大学出版社,1991
    [41].刘英男,沈晶,周瑞岩.本溪市太子河水环境容量计算研究[J].辽宁城乡环境科技,2005,10(5):6~8.
    [42].阮晓红等.环境规划与管理.南京:河海大学出版社.2006
    [43].夏青.流域水污染总量控制.北京:中国环境科学出版社,1996
    [44].张玉清.河流功能区水污染物容量总量控制的原理和方法.北京:中国环境科学出版社,2001:2~7
    [45].喻良,刘遂庆,王牧阳.基于水环境模型的水环境容量计算的研究.河南科学,2006,6:874~876
    [46].张家贤,田一平,孙瑞林等.河流水环境容量及其计算方法[J].环境科学与技术,1991,2:7~12
    [47].孟伟.深圳市城市污水排海方案对深圳湾水体质量影响的分析.环境科学论文集.北京:中国环境科学出版社.1990,215~220
    [48].张永良,周克钊等.三种不同投放方式的示踪试验.第二届环境科学学术报告会论文集(1985~1986).北京:中国环境科学出版社.1988,132~140.
    [49].夏青.沱江水环境容量研究.沱江水环境容量课题鉴定材料.1985
    [50].郑孝宇,褚君达,朱维斌.河网非稳态水环境容量研究.水科学进展.1997,8(1):25~31
    [51].喻良.基于地表水环境模型系统(SMS)的城市内河水污染控制研究.福州大学硕士论文.2003,5
    [52].张永良、洪继华、夏青等.我国水环境容量研究与展望.北京:中国环境科学出版社.1991
    [53].谭建强、顾丁锡.湖泊岸边污染带水质预测研究.中国环境科学.1988(1):8~11
    [54].夏青,王华东.水环境容量开发与利用.北京:北京师范大学出版社,1990
    [55].司全印,冉新权,周孝德等.区域水污染控制与生态环境保护研究.北京,中国环境科学出版社,2000.6
    [56].谢忠岩.水环境价值理论初探.中国环境管理,2002,4(2):14~16.
    [57].姜文来.水资源价值论.北京:科学出版社,1999
    [58].薛朝霞,汪翔等.从苏州水环境治理议引水冲污.水利规划设计.2002,3:42~45
    [59].田贵全.水环境容量资源的有偿使用探讨.山东环境,1994,5:6~7
    [60].朱冬生.试论环境容量资源的成本化.中国环境科学,1992,12
    [61].李金昌.环境价值及其量化是综合决策的基础.环境科学动态,1995,1:7~11