村庄压煤区土地综合整治技术优化体系及实证
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摘要
[目的]为了推动村庄压煤区土地资源与矿产资源协调利用,促进开采规划与新型城镇化和新农村建设相结合。[方法]文章论述了压煤区土地整治转型中的转型方向、整治内容和整合技术,并以泽州县4个压煤村为综合示范区进行实证。[结果]基于"地—矿"资源协调利用优化路径及其驱动下集成的压煤区土地综合整治技术应用于实践,结果表明整治后示范区耕地面积增长17.79%,粮食产能增长率33.33%,耕地质量提高等级1个等级,平均地块面积变化率为261.54%,高标准基本农田建设面积增长13.72%,田间路网密度增加量12.88m/hm~2,煤炭压覆面积干扰度减少3.12%,煤炭可采量提升率4.56%,机耕面积增长率为17.79%,农村建设用地复垦统筹城镇建设用地率71.97%,农地地均年收入变化率33.33%,集约用地面积增长3.9%,工矿废弃地面积减少100%,复垦后土地再利用率100%,生态用地面积增长率6.345%,植被覆盖提高率3.8%,风景休闲用地面积提升0.007%。[结论]在压煤区"地—矿"资源利用冲突逐渐加剧的背景下,协调"地—矿"资源利用关键在于田块修筑、压煤村居民点整理、工矿废弃建设地复垦、资源循环再利用及生态修复等项目联动实施,而基于以上内容的土地综合整治技术体系优化,能够为压煤区"地—矿"资源协调利用提供技术支撑。
In order to promote the coordinated use of "land-mineral" resources in the village coal-pressing area and the combination of mining plan with new urbanization and new rural construction. This research discussed the transformation direction, remediation content and integration technology of the land remediation transformation in the coal-pressing area, and conducted the research with these four coal-pressing villages in Zezhou county as the comprehensive demonstration areas. Applying to practice the optimization path based on the "land-mineral" resource coordinated utilization and the integrated land comprehensive consolidation technology actuated by the optimization path in the coal-pressing area, the research revealed that after the consolidation, in the demonstration areas, the cultivated land area increased by 17.79%, the grain productivity increased by 33.33%, and the cultivated land quality improved by 1 grade, the average land area change rate was 261.54%, the high standard basic farmland construction area increased 13.72%, the density of field road network increased 12.88 m/hm~2, the disturbance degree in coal-pressing area reduced by 19.73%, coal recovery rate increased by 4.56%, the growth rate of tractor plowing area was 17.79%, the ratio of rural construction land reclamation for overall planning of urban construction land reached 71.97%, the annual income change rate of farmland was 33.33%, intensive land use area increased by 3.9%, the area of industrial and mining wasteland decreased 100%, the reutilization rate of reclaimed land was 100%, the ecological land area increased 6.345%, the vegetation coverage improvement rate was 3.8%, and the scenic leisure land area increased 0.007%. Therefore, in the mining area, "land-mineral" resource utilization conflicts had gradually intensified, and the key to coordinate "land-mineral" resource utilization is to implement projects of field blocks building, rural construction land reclamation, mining wasteland reclamation and ecological restoration. Optimization of land comprehensive remediation technology based on the research can provide technical support for the coordinated utilization of "land-mineral" resources in coal mining area.
In order to promote the coordinated use of "land-mineral" resources in the village coal-pressing area and the combination of mining plan with new urbanization and new rural construction. This research discussed the transformation direction, remediation content and integration technology of the land remediation transformation in the coal-pressing area, and conducted the research with these four coal-pressing villages in Zezhou county as the comprehensive demonstration areas. Applying to practice the optimization path based on the "land-mineral" resource coordinated utilization and the integrated land comprehensive consolidation technology actuated by the optimization path in the coal-pressing area, the research revealed that after the consolidation, in the demonstration areas, the cultivated land area increased by 17.79%, the grain productivity increased by 33.33%, and the cultivated land quality improved by 1 grade, the average land area change rate was 261.54%, the high standard basic farmland construction area increased 13.72%, the density of field road network increased 12.88 m/hm~2, the disturbance degree in coal-pressing area reduced by 19.73%, coal recovery rate increased by 4.56%, the growth rate of tractor plowing area was 17.79%, the ratio of rural construction land reclamation for overall planning of urban construction land reached 71.97%, the annual income change rate of farmland was 33.33%, intensive land use area increased by 3.9%, the area of industrial and mining wasteland decreased 100%, the reutilization rate of reclaimed land was 100%, the ecological land area increased 6.345%, the vegetation coverage improvement rate was 3.8%, and the scenic leisure land area increased 0.007%. Therefore, in the mining area, "land-mineral" resource utilization conflicts had gradually intensified, and the key to coordinate "land-mineral" resource utilization is to implement projects of field blocks building, rural construction land reclamation, mining wasteland reclamation and ecological restoration. Optimization of land comprehensive remediation technology based on the research can provide technical support for the coordinated utilization of "land-mineral" resources in coal mining area.
引文
[1] 卞正富.我国煤压煤区土地复垦与生态重建研究.矿产资源开发,2005(2):18-23.
[2] 张军锋,邱道持,杨润群.豫西煤仓土地利用与土地覆盖变化研究.西南大学学报:自然科学版,2008,30(6):135-140.
[3] 卞正富.国内外煤压煤区土地复垦研究综述.中国土地科学,2000,14(1):6-11.
[4] 赵艳玲,胡振琪.未稳沉采煤沉陷地超前复垦时机的计算模型.煤炭学报,2008,33(2):157-161.
[5] 吴吟.发展煤矿充填开采技术推动煤炭生产方式变革.(2012-05-08)[2017-10-03]http://www.nea.gov.cn/2012-05/18/c_131595471.htm.
[6] 寇晓蓉,白中科,薛藩秀.绿色矿山建设与土地整治的关系.东北农业大学学报,2017,48(4):89-96.
[7] 寇晓蓉.压煤区复垦土地功能提升的方法与途径研究.北京:中国地质大学,2017.
[8] 李钢.矿地统筹发展及关键技术探讨.中国土地,2015(6):55-58.
[9] 曹向彬.矿山土地复垦水土保持研究与案例分析.杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2015.
[10] 黄晶晶,张坤,魏朝富,等.西南喀斯特山地采煤沉陷区土地整治关键技术研究.西南大学学报,36(11):164-174.
[11] 李晋川,白中科,柴书杰,等.平朔露天煤矿土地复垦与生态重建技术研究.科技导报,2009,27(17):30-34.
[12] 王利.压煤村庄和谐—生态搬迁模式及关键技术研究.北京:中国矿业大学,2009.
[13] 彭建,将一军,吴健生,等.我国矿山开采的生态环境效应及土地复垦典型技术.地理科学进展,2005,24(2):38-47.
[14] 顾汉龙.我国城乡建设用地增减挂钩政策与美国土地发展权转移政策的比较研究.经济地理,2015,35(6):143-148+183.
[15] 张飞.增减挂钩对城乡统筹发展的影响机理与效应研究.中州学刊,2016(8):35-40.
[16] 谭明智.严控与激励并存:土地增减挂钩的政策脉络及地方实施.中国社会科学,2014 (7)125-142.
[17] 康纪田,刘卫常.矿业用地用途管制的路径取向.上海国土资源,2015,36(3):12-16.
[18] 周伟,白中科,曹银贵.我国矿业用地现状及其节约集约利用途径.资源与产业,2012,14(4):41-46.
[19] 国土资源部土地整理中心.中国土地整治发展研究报告.北京:社会科学文献出版社,2016.
[20] 郧文聚.土地整治规划概论.北京:地质出版社,2011.
[21] 刘孟媛,范金梅,宇振荣.多功能绿色基础设施规划——以海淀区为例.中国园林,2013(7):61-66.
[22] 信桂新,杨朝现,邵景安,等.基于农地流转的山地丘陵区土地整治技术体系优化及实证.农业工程学报,2017,33(6):246-256.
[23] 田惠,杜正茂,许月明.矿区经济转型期土地利用问题及破解途径分析.中国农业资源与区划,2009,30(6):29-34.
[24] 杨建云.乡村治理视角下的农村土地综合整治研究.中国农业资源与区划,2014,35(4):20-25.
[2] 张军锋,邱道持,杨润群.豫西煤仓土地利用与土地覆盖变化研究.西南大学学报:自然科学版,2008,30(6):135-140.
[3] 卞正富.国内外煤压煤区土地复垦研究综述.中国土地科学,2000,14(1):6-11.
[4] 赵艳玲,胡振琪.未稳沉采煤沉陷地超前复垦时机的计算模型.煤炭学报,2008,33(2):157-161.
[5] 吴吟.发展煤矿充填开采技术推动煤炭生产方式变革.(2012-05-08)[2017-10-03]http://www.nea.gov.cn/2012-05/18/c_131595471.htm.
[6] 寇晓蓉,白中科,薛藩秀.绿色矿山建设与土地整治的关系.东北农业大学学报,2017,48(4):89-96.
[7] 寇晓蓉.压煤区复垦土地功能提升的方法与途径研究.北京:中国地质大学,2017.
[8] 李钢.矿地统筹发展及关键技术探讨.中国土地,2015(6):55-58.
[9] 曹向彬.矿山土地复垦水土保持研究与案例分析.杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2015.
[10] 黄晶晶,张坤,魏朝富,等.西南喀斯特山地采煤沉陷区土地整治关键技术研究.西南大学学报,36(11):164-174.
[11] 李晋川,白中科,柴书杰,等.平朔露天煤矿土地复垦与生态重建技术研究.科技导报,2009,27(17):30-34.
[12] 王利.压煤村庄和谐—生态搬迁模式及关键技术研究.北京:中国矿业大学,2009.
[13] 彭建,将一军,吴健生,等.我国矿山开采的生态环境效应及土地复垦典型技术.地理科学进展,2005,24(2):38-47.
[14] 顾汉龙.我国城乡建设用地增减挂钩政策与美国土地发展权转移政策的比较研究.经济地理,2015,35(6):143-148+183.
[15] 张飞.增减挂钩对城乡统筹发展的影响机理与效应研究.中州学刊,2016(8):35-40.
[16] 谭明智.严控与激励并存:土地增减挂钩的政策脉络及地方实施.中国社会科学,2014 (7)125-142.
[17] 康纪田,刘卫常.矿业用地用途管制的路径取向.上海国土资源,2015,36(3):12-16.
[18] 周伟,白中科,曹银贵.我国矿业用地现状及其节约集约利用途径.资源与产业,2012,14(4):41-46.
[19] 国土资源部土地整理中心.中国土地整治发展研究报告.北京:社会科学文献出版社,2016.
[20] 郧文聚.土地整治规划概论.北京:地质出版社,2011.
[21] 刘孟媛,范金梅,宇振荣.多功能绿色基础设施规划——以海淀区为例.中国园林,2013(7):61-66.
[22] 信桂新,杨朝现,邵景安,等.基于农地流转的山地丘陵区土地整治技术体系优化及实证.农业工程学报,2017,33(6):246-256.
[23] 田惠,杜正茂,许月明.矿区经济转型期土地利用问题及破解途径分析.中国农业资源与区划,2009,30(6):29-34.
[24] 杨建云.乡村治理视角下的农村土地综合整治研究.中国农业资源与区划,2014,35(4):20-25.