燃油与纯电动汽车流通过程中CO_2排放分析
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摘要
随着社会生产技术的不断进步及汽车保有量的不断增加,环境与能源问题日益凸显。结合国内2016年石油资源的消耗量及国家电网能源结构,对传统燃油车及纯电动汽在流通过程中CO_2的排放情况进行计算。研究结果表明:若2016年全年汽车燃油消耗量的一半由电能取代,则需要新增发电量为809.6×10~9kW·h,新增部分电量占2016年全年发电总量的13.18%;为使CO_2排放量降至一半,且主要把汽油车替换为电动车,需要新增电动车1.9×10~8辆,新增充电功率为570.06×10~6kW,将对现在的电网负荷提出了更高的要求;相对于传统燃油车电动化,合理减少电网结构中煤炭的使用量对于降低CO_2排放有更积极的意义。
With the continuous progress of social production technology and the increasing number of vehicles,the problem of environment and energy has become increasingly prominent. Based on the consumption of oil resources in China in 2016 and the energy structure of the State Grid,the CO_2 emission of traditional fuel vehicles and pure electric vehicles in the process of circulation was calculated. If half of the fuel consumption in 2016 was replaced by electricity,a additional power generation of 809.6 bill. kW·h woule be needed,which accounted for 13.18% of the total power generation in 2016. To cut CO_2 emissions by half and mainly replace gasoline vehicles with electric vehicles,more than 190 million additional electric vehicles needed to be added and charging power of 570. 06 × 106 kW would be increased,which put forward higher requirements for the current grid load. Compared with the electrification of traditional fuel vehicles,reasonable reduction of coal consumption in power grid structure has more positive significance for reducing CO_2 emissions.
With the continuous progress of social production technology and the increasing number of vehicles,the problem of environment and energy has become increasingly prominent. Based on the consumption of oil resources in China in 2016 and the energy structure of the State Grid,the CO_2 emission of traditional fuel vehicles and pure electric vehicles in the process of circulation was calculated. If half of the fuel consumption in 2016 was replaced by electricity,a additional power generation of 809.6 bill. kW·h woule be needed,which accounted for 13.18% of the total power generation in 2016. To cut CO_2 emissions by half and mainly replace gasoline vehicles with electric vehicles,more than 190 million additional electric vehicles needed to be added and charging power of 570. 06 × 106 kW would be increased,which put forward higher requirements for the current grid load. Compared with the electrification of traditional fuel vehicles,reasonable reduction of coal consumption in power grid structure has more positive significance for reducing CO_2 emissions.
引文
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[3]石秀勇,康杨,倪计民,等.直喷汽油机颗粒物生成及排放特性研究进展[J].同济大学学报(自然科学版),2017,45(增刊1):144-151.SHI Xiuyong,KANG Yang,NI Jimin,et al. Research progress in particulate formation mechanism and emission characteristics of gasoline direct injection engine[J]. Journal of Tongji University(Natural Science),2017,45(Sup1):144-151.
[4]HERGUETA C,BOGARRA M,TSOLAKIS A,et al. Butanolgasoline blend and exhaust gas recirculation,impact on GDI engine emissions[J]. Fuel,2017,208:662-672.
[5]陈艳艳,秦伟玲,李晓祎,等.货运场站机动车污染物排放监测及污染特征研究[J].重庆交通大学学报(自然科学版),2018,37(9):60-65.CHEN Yanyan,QIN Weiling,LI Xiaoyi,et al. Pollutant emission monitoring and pollution characteristics of motor vehicle in freight stations[J]. Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University(Natural Science),2018,37(9):60-65.
[6]任其亮,吴丽霞,靳旭刚,等.电动汽车充电站分层递进式选址方法研究[J].重庆交通大学学报(自然科学版),2018,37(6):121-126.REN Qiliang,WU Lixia,JIN Xugang, et al. Research on site selection of electric vehicle charging stations using analytical hierachy process[J]. Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University(Natural Science),2018,37(6):121-126.
[7]张恪渝,廖明球.中国经济增长与碳排放之间的关系研究——基于非参数bootstrap方法构建的VEC模型[J].数理统计与管理,2019,38(1):28-39.ZHANG Keyu,LIAO Mingqiu. The causality between CO2emission and economic growth—based on non-parametric VEC model[J].Journal of Applied Statistics and Management,2019,38(1):28-39.
[8]阿鲁斯,温孟阳,郭放,等.基于发动机与飞机的藻基航空燃料全生命周期分析[J].航空动力学报,2018,33(6):1315-1325.A Lusi,WEN Mengyang,GUO Fang,et al. Life cycle assessment of algae based aviation fuel on basis of engine type and related aircraft[J].Journal of Aerospace Power,2018,33(6):1315-1325.
[9]彭小燕.产品生命周期分析的理论探讨与应用研究[D].北京:清华大学,1996.PENG Xiaoyan.Study on the Theory and Application of Product Life Cycle Analysis[D]. Beijing:Tsinghua University,1996.
[10]何立强.中国机动车温室效应污染物排放清单及其削减潜力研究[D].北京:中国环境科学研究院,2014.HE Liqiang. Emission Inventory of the Greenhouse Pollutants from Motor Vehicles in China and Its Control Potential Analysis[D].Beijing:Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,2014.