摘要
传统农田沼液施用通常因为沼液的养分浓度较低而需要大量施用。同时,因为沼液的养分浓度受外界环境因素的影响具有较大的波动性而极难做到精准施用。此外,沼液农田施用会显著增加土壤氨挥发和硝酸根流失,引发区域及下游的生态环境问题。沼液膜浓缩技术是解决沼液产生量大、养分含量波动大,以及沼液存储与运输成本高的关键措施。粗木醋液中的有机酸、酚、酮等有机物质能够与沼液浓缩液中的铵盐等易挥发或易流失养分形成弱有机结合氨氮或金属络合物,可以起到缓释沼液浓缩液养分的作用。围绕沼液的产生特征与其膜浓缩工艺研究进展,结合粗木醋液的农业应用及其与沼液原液混合施用对土壤氨挥发和养分流失的截留作用,探讨沼液浓缩液与粗木醋液混合施用的应用前景。并在此基础上,结合农田沼液施用对全球气候与环境变化方面的潜在影响作用,探讨沼液浓缩液农田施用面临的主要问题和相应问题的解决思路,为农业废弃物资源化利用过程中的低污染利用提供科学参考。
引文
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