高校食堂食物浪费的影响因素
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摘要
中国高校食堂中的食物浪费现象较为突出,为揭示大学生在食堂就餐时浪费食物的关键原因,本文使用直接称重法,对29省29所高校食堂食物浪费进行了大规模抽样调查。基于9192份大学生问卷,本文从个体特征、家庭特征、饮食特征、信息干预和区域特征5个维度,探索了大学生食物浪费行为的影响因素。研究发现:①高达74%的大学生有食物浪费行为,人均就餐食物剩余重量达到61.03 g/餐,每人每餐平均食物浪费率为12.13%。②整体而言,女性相对男性、本科生相对研究生浪费食物更严重,日常就餐浪费频率越高个体的食物浪费情况越严重;家庭经济条件越好的个体越浪费食物;购置的饭菜重量越大、对饭菜口味的满意度越低个体越浪费食物;相对于在北方高校就读的大学生,在南方高校就读大学生的食物浪费情况更严重。③进一步研究发现,影响南方籍和北方籍大学生的食物浪费行为的因素有所差异,但性别、浪费习惯、家庭经济水平、饭菜重量、对饭菜口味的满意度对南方籍和北方籍大学生食物浪费行为的显著影响与整体样本保持一致。因此,要高度重视高校食堂场所产生的食物浪费,根据大学生食物浪费行为的特征和规律,针对性地出台引导性措施以有效减少"舌尖上的浪费"。
The phenomenon of food waste in Chinese college canteens is very prominent. In order to reveal the key reasons for college students to waste food when dining in the cafeteria, this study used direct weighing method to conduct a large-scale survey of food waste in college cafeterias in29 universities of 29 provinces. Based on the questionnaire survey of 9192 college students and from the perspectives of individual characteristics, family characteristics, dietary characteristics,information intervention, and regional characteristics, we explored factors that affect food waste behavior of college students. The study found that:(1) Up to 74% of college students have food waste, the weight of food wasted per person has reached 61.03 g/meal, and the average food waste rate per person per meal is 12.13%.(2) On the whole, women are more wasteful than men, and undergraduate students are more wasteful than postgraduates. Individuals who more often trend to waste have a worse food waste status. The better family economic situation, the more wasteful the individual is. The more weight of purchased food and the lower satisfaction with the taste of the food, the more wasteful the individual is. Compared with college students studying in northern universities, the food waste problem of college students in southern universities is more serious.(3)Further research found that some influencing factors of the food waste behavior of southern and northern students are different, but the significant correlation between gender, waste habits, family economic situation, weight of the portion, and satisfaction with the taste of the food, and wasteful behavior, for both southern and northern students is consistent with the overall sample. Therefore,we should pay attention to food waste generation in college and university canteens. According to the characteristics and patterns of college students' food waste behavior, some guiding measures should be issued to effectively reduce"waste on the tongue".
The phenomenon of food waste in Chinese college canteens is very prominent. In order to reveal the key reasons for college students to waste food when dining in the cafeteria, this study used direct weighing method to conduct a large-scale survey of food waste in college cafeterias in29 universities of 29 provinces. Based on the questionnaire survey of 9192 college students and from the perspectives of individual characteristics, family characteristics, dietary characteristics,information intervention, and regional characteristics, we explored factors that affect food waste behavior of college students. The study found that:(1) Up to 74% of college students have food waste, the weight of food wasted per person has reached 61.03 g/meal, and the average food waste rate per person per meal is 12.13%.(2) On the whole, women are more wasteful than men, and undergraduate students are more wasteful than postgraduates. Individuals who more often trend to waste have a worse food waste status. The better family economic situation, the more wasteful the individual is. The more weight of purchased food and the lower satisfaction with the taste of the food, the more wasteful the individual is. Compared with college students studying in northern universities, the food waste problem of college students in southern universities is more serious.(3)Further research found that some influencing factors of the food waste behavior of southern and northern students are different, but the significant correlation between gender, waste habits, family economic situation, weight of the portion, and satisfaction with the taste of the food, and wasteful behavior, for both southern and northern students is consistent with the overall sample. Therefore,we should pay attention to food waste generation in college and university canteens. According to the characteristics and patterns of college students' food waste behavior, some guiding measures should be issued to effectively reduce"waste on the tongue".
引文
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[11]Painter K,Thondhlana G,Kua H W.Food waste generation and potential interventions at Rhodes University,South Africa[J].Waste Management,2016,56:491-497.
[12]Lorenz B A S,Hartmann M,Langen N.What makes people leave their food?The interaction of personal and situational factors leading to plate leftovers in canteens[J].Appetite,2017,116:45-56.
[13]Pinto R S,Pinto R M D S,Melo F F S,et al.A simple awareness campaign to promote food waste reduction in a University canteen[J].Waste Management,2018,76:28-38.
[14]Schaubroeck T,Ceuppens S,Luong A D,et al.A pragmatic framework to score and inform about the environmental sustainability and nutritional profile of canteen meals,a case study on a university canteen[J].Journal of Cleaner Production,2018,187:672-686.
[15]Gaiani S,Caldeira S,Adorno V,et al.Food wasters:Profiling consumers’attitude to waste food in Italy[J].Waste Management,2018,72:17-24.
[16]Mattar L,Abiad M G,Chalak A,et al.Attitudes and behaviors shaping household food waste generation:Lessons from Lebanon[J].Journal of Cleaner Production,2018,198:1219-1223.
[17]Thyberg K L,Tonjes D J.Drivers of food waste and their implications for sustainable policy development[J].Resources,Conservation and Recycling,2016,106:110-123.
[18]樊琦,刘梦芸,李霜.湖北大学食堂粮食浪费影响因素实证研究[J].粮油食品科技,2016,24(6):109-113.[Fan Q,Liu M Y,Li S.Empirical study on the factors of food waste in college canteen in Hubei Province[J].Science and Technology of Cereals,Oils and Foods,2016,24(6):109-113.]
[19]李丰,钱壮.高校食堂粮食浪费研究及政策建议:以南京财经大学为例[J].粮食科技与经济,2018,43(4):27-30.[Li F,Qian Z.Study on food waste in university canteens and policy suggestions:Taking Nanjing University of Finance and Economics as an example[J].Grain Science and Technology and Economy,2018,43(4):27-30.]
[20]智研咨询.2017年中国大学生互联网消费金融交易规模及在校大学生人数分析[EB/OL].(2018-06-25)[2019-08-10].http://www.chyxx.com/industry/201705/520597.html.[Zhiyan Consulting.Analysis of the Scale of Chinese College Students’Internet Consumer Finance Transactions and the Number of College Students in 2017[EB/OL].(2018-06-25)[2019-08-10].http://www.chyxx.com/industry/201705/520597.html.]
[21]Xue L,Liu G,Parfitt J,et al.Missing food,missing data?A critical review of global food losses and food waste data[J].Environmental Science&Technology,2017,51(12):6618-6633.
[22]张盼盼,白军飞,成升魁,等.信息干预是否影响食物浪费?基于餐饮业随机干预试验[J].自然资源学报,2018,33(8):1439-1450.[Zhang P P,Bai J F,Cheng S K,et al.Does information intervention affect food waste?Randomized controlled trials in catering industry[J].Journal of Natural Resources,2018,33(8):1439-1450.]
[23]Boschini M,Falasconi L,Giordano C,et al.Food waste in school canteens:A reference methodology for large-scale studies[J].Journal of Cleaner Production,2018,182:1024-1032.
[24]Kummu M,De Moel H,Porkka M,et al.Lost food,wasted resources:Global food supply chain losses and their impacts on freshwater,cropland,and fertiliser use[J].Science of the Total Environment,2012,438:477-489.
[25]Derqui B,Fernández V.The opportunity of tracking food waste in school canteens:Guidelines for self-assessment[J].Waste Management,2017,69:431-444.
[26]Bai J,Zhang C,Wahl T,et al.Dining out,the missing food consumption in China[J].Applied Economics Letters,2016,23(15):1084-1087.
[27]Buzby J C,Guthrie J F.Plate waste in school nutrition programs[J].The Journal of Consumer Affairs,2002,36(2):220-238.
[28]Falasconi L,Vittuari M,Politano A,et al.Food waste in school catering:An Italian case study[J].Sustainability,2015,7(11):14745-14760.
[29]Abdelradi F.Food waste behavior at the household level:A conceptual framework[J].Waste Management,2018,71:485-493.
[30]Koivupuro H K,Hartikainen H,Silvennoinen K,et al.Influence of socio-demographical,behavioural and attitudinal factors on the amount of avoidable food waste generated in Finnish households[J].International Journal of Consumer Studies,2012,36(2):183-191.
[31]Mattar L,Abiad M G,Chalak A,et al.Attitudes and behaviors shaping household food waste generation:Lessons from Lebanon[J].Journal of Cleaner Production,2018,198:1219-1223.
[32]Nikoclaus C J,Nickols-Richardson S M,Ellison B.Wasted food:A qualitative study of U.S.young adults’perceptions,beliefs and behaviors[J].Appetite,2018,130(1):70-78.
[33]Marlette M A,Templeton S B,Panemangalore M.Food type,food preparation,and competitive food purchases impact school lunch plate waste by sixth-grade students[J].Journal of the American Dietetic Association,2005,105(11):1779-1782.
[34]Parfitt J,Barthel M,Macnaughton S.Food waste within food supply chains:Quantification and potential for change to 2050[J].Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B:Biological Sciences,2010,365(1554):3065-3081.
[35]张盼盼,王灵恩,白军飞,等.旅游城市餐饮消费者食物浪费行为研究[J].资源科学,2018,40(6):1186-1195.[Zhang P P,Wang L E,Bai J F,et al.The food waste behavior of catering consumers from a tourism perspective[J].Resources Science,2018,40(6):1186-1195.]
[36]Marais M L,Smit Y,Koen N,et al.Are the attitudes and practices of foodservice managers,catering personnel and students contributing to excessive food wastage at Stellenbosch University?[J].South African Journal of Clinical Nutrition,2017,30(3):60-67.
[37]Talhelm T,Zhang X,Oishi S,et al.Large-scale psychological differences within China explained by rice versus wheat agriculture[J].Science,2014,344(6184):603-608.
[38]张丹,成升魁,高利伟,等.城市餐饮业食物浪费的生态足迹:以北京市为例[J].资源科学,2016,38(1):10-18.[Zhang D,Cheng S K,Gao L W,et al.Ecological footprint of catering industry food waste in Beijing[J].Resources Science,2016,38(1):10-18.]
[2]王灵恩,侯鹏,刘晓洁,等.中国食物可持续消费内涵及其实现路径[J].资源科学,2018,40(8):1550-1559.[Wang L E,Hou P,Liu X J,et al.The connotation and realization way of sustainable food consumption in China[J].Resources Science,2018,40(8):1550-1559.]
[3]Young W,Russell S V,Robinson C A,et al.Can social media be a tool for reducing consumers’food waste?A behavior change experiment by a UK retailer[J].Resources,Conservation and Recycling,2017,117:195-203.
[4]Secondi L,Principato L,Laureti T.Household food waste behaviour in EU-27 countries:A multilevel analysis[J].Food Policy,2015,56:25-40.
[5]Wang L E,Liu G,Liu X J,et al.The weight of unfinished plate:Asurvey based characterization of restaurant food waste in Chinese cities[J].Waste Management,2017,66:3-12.
[6]江金启,Yu E T,黄琬真,等.中国家庭食物浪费的规模估算及决定因素分析[J].农业技术经济,2018,(9):88-99.[Jiang J Q,Yu E T,Huang W Z,et al.Home food waste in China and the associated determinants[J].Journal of Agrotechnical Economics,2018,(9):88-99.]
[7]Liu Y,Cheng S K,Liu X C,et al.Plate waste in school lunch programs in Beijing,China[J].Sustainability,2016,8(12):1-11.
[8]成升魁,高利伟,徐增让,等.对中国餐饮食物浪费及其资源环境效应的思考[J].中国软科学,2012,(7):106-114.[Cheng S K,Gao L W,Xu Z R,et al.Food Waste in catering industry and its impacts on resources and environment in China[J].China Soft Science,2012,(7):106-114.]
[9]Al-Domi H,Al-Rawajfeh H,Aboyousif F,et al.Determining and addressing food plate waste in a group of students at the University of Jordan[J].Pakistan Journal of Nutrition,2011,10(9):871-878.
[10]Whitehair K J,Shanklin C W,Brannon L A.Written messages improve edible food waste behaviors in a university dining facility[J].Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics,2013,113(1):63-69.
[11]Painter K,Thondhlana G,Kua H W.Food waste generation and potential interventions at Rhodes University,South Africa[J].Waste Management,2016,56:491-497.
[12]Lorenz B A S,Hartmann M,Langen N.What makes people leave their food?The interaction of personal and situational factors leading to plate leftovers in canteens[J].Appetite,2017,116:45-56.
[13]Pinto R S,Pinto R M D S,Melo F F S,et al.A simple awareness campaign to promote food waste reduction in a University canteen[J].Waste Management,2018,76:28-38.
[14]Schaubroeck T,Ceuppens S,Luong A D,et al.A pragmatic framework to score and inform about the environmental sustainability and nutritional profile of canteen meals,a case study on a university canteen[J].Journal of Cleaner Production,2018,187:672-686.
[15]Gaiani S,Caldeira S,Adorno V,et al.Food wasters:Profiling consumers’attitude to waste food in Italy[J].Waste Management,2018,72:17-24.
[16]Mattar L,Abiad M G,Chalak A,et al.Attitudes and behaviors shaping household food waste generation:Lessons from Lebanon[J].Journal of Cleaner Production,2018,198:1219-1223.
[17]Thyberg K L,Tonjes D J.Drivers of food waste and their implications for sustainable policy development[J].Resources,Conservation and Recycling,2016,106:110-123.
[18]樊琦,刘梦芸,李霜.湖北大学食堂粮食浪费影响因素实证研究[J].粮油食品科技,2016,24(6):109-113.[Fan Q,Liu M Y,Li S.Empirical study on the factors of food waste in college canteen in Hubei Province[J].Science and Technology of Cereals,Oils and Foods,2016,24(6):109-113.]
[19]李丰,钱壮.高校食堂粮食浪费研究及政策建议:以南京财经大学为例[J].粮食科技与经济,2018,43(4):27-30.[Li F,Qian Z.Study on food waste in university canteens and policy suggestions:Taking Nanjing University of Finance and Economics as an example[J].Grain Science and Technology and Economy,2018,43(4):27-30.]
[20]智研咨询.2017年中国大学生互联网消费金融交易规模及在校大学生人数分析[EB/OL].(2018-06-25)[2019-08-10].http://www.chyxx.com/industry/201705/520597.html.[Zhiyan Consulting.Analysis of the Scale of Chinese College Students’Internet Consumer Finance Transactions and the Number of College Students in 2017[EB/OL].(2018-06-25)[2019-08-10].http://www.chyxx.com/industry/201705/520597.html.]
[21]Xue L,Liu G,Parfitt J,et al.Missing food,missing data?A critical review of global food losses and food waste data[J].Environmental Science&Technology,2017,51(12):6618-6633.
[22]张盼盼,白军飞,成升魁,等.信息干预是否影响食物浪费?基于餐饮业随机干预试验[J].自然资源学报,2018,33(8):1439-1450.[Zhang P P,Bai J F,Cheng S K,et al.Does information intervention affect food waste?Randomized controlled trials in catering industry[J].Journal of Natural Resources,2018,33(8):1439-1450.]
[23]Boschini M,Falasconi L,Giordano C,et al.Food waste in school canteens:A reference methodology for large-scale studies[J].Journal of Cleaner Production,2018,182:1024-1032.
[24]Kummu M,De Moel H,Porkka M,et al.Lost food,wasted resources:Global food supply chain losses and their impacts on freshwater,cropland,and fertiliser use[J].Science of the Total Environment,2012,438:477-489.
[25]Derqui B,Fernández V.The opportunity of tracking food waste in school canteens:Guidelines for self-assessment[J].Waste Management,2017,69:431-444.
[26]Bai J,Zhang C,Wahl T,et al.Dining out,the missing food consumption in China[J].Applied Economics Letters,2016,23(15):1084-1087.
[27]Buzby J C,Guthrie J F.Plate waste in school nutrition programs[J].The Journal of Consumer Affairs,2002,36(2):220-238.
[28]Falasconi L,Vittuari M,Politano A,et al.Food waste in school catering:An Italian case study[J].Sustainability,2015,7(11):14745-14760.
[29]Abdelradi F.Food waste behavior at the household level:A conceptual framework[J].Waste Management,2018,71:485-493.
[30]Koivupuro H K,Hartikainen H,Silvennoinen K,et al.Influence of socio-demographical,behavioural and attitudinal factors on the amount of avoidable food waste generated in Finnish households[J].International Journal of Consumer Studies,2012,36(2):183-191.
[31]Mattar L,Abiad M G,Chalak A,et al.Attitudes and behaviors shaping household food waste generation:Lessons from Lebanon[J].Journal of Cleaner Production,2018,198:1219-1223.
[32]Nikoclaus C J,Nickols-Richardson S M,Ellison B.Wasted food:A qualitative study of U.S.young adults’perceptions,beliefs and behaviors[J].Appetite,2018,130(1):70-78.
[33]Marlette M A,Templeton S B,Panemangalore M.Food type,food preparation,and competitive food purchases impact school lunch plate waste by sixth-grade students[J].Journal of the American Dietetic Association,2005,105(11):1779-1782.
[34]Parfitt J,Barthel M,Macnaughton S.Food waste within food supply chains:Quantification and potential for change to 2050[J].Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B:Biological Sciences,2010,365(1554):3065-3081.
[35]张盼盼,王灵恩,白军飞,等.旅游城市餐饮消费者食物浪费行为研究[J].资源科学,2018,40(6):1186-1195.[Zhang P P,Wang L E,Bai J F,et al.The food waste behavior of catering consumers from a tourism perspective[J].Resources Science,2018,40(6):1186-1195.]
[36]Marais M L,Smit Y,Koen N,et al.Are the attitudes and practices of foodservice managers,catering personnel and students contributing to excessive food wastage at Stellenbosch University?[J].South African Journal of Clinical Nutrition,2017,30(3):60-67.
[37]Talhelm T,Zhang X,Oishi S,et al.Large-scale psychological differences within China explained by rice versus wheat agriculture[J].Science,2014,344(6184):603-608.
[38]张丹,成升魁,高利伟,等.城市餐饮业食物浪费的生态足迹:以北京市为例[J].资源科学,2016,38(1):10-18.[Zhang D,Cheng S K,Gao L W,et al.Ecological footprint of catering industry food waste in Beijing[J].Resources Science,2016,38(1):10-18.]