增施钼肥条件下不同密度对花生光合特性及产量的影响
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摘要
本试验以青花7号大花生为材料,在大田条件下通过增施钼肥、设置3个密度梯度研究密度和钼肥互作对花生光合特性及产量的影响。结果表明:在不同密度条件下增施钼肥对花生叶片光合作用和产量有一定的正向调节作用;M2(16.5万穴/hm~2)、增施钼肥处理,生育后期叶面积指数较高,出苗后20～100天叶片的净光合速率、气孔导度较高,产量显著增高。研究认为,在花生增密高产栽培中,补施钼肥可作为一项辅助技术。
In order to study the interaction of sowing density and molybdenum fertilizer on the photosynthetic characteristics and yield of peanut cultivar Qinghua 7, three sowing densities were set with the addition of molybdenum fertilizer in field. The results showed that molybdenum fertilizer had positive effects on photosynthesis and yield of peanut under different densities. Under the M2 treatment(165 thousand holes per hectare) with the addition of molybdenum fertilizer, the leaf area index at the later growth stage and the net photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance in 20～100 days after seedling emergence were higher, and the yield was significantly higher. In conclusion, molybdenum supplementation could be used as an assistant technique in the high-density and high-yielding cultivation of peanut.
In order to study the interaction of sowing density and molybdenum fertilizer on the photosynthetic characteristics and yield of peanut cultivar Qinghua 7, three sowing densities were set with the addition of molybdenum fertilizer in field. The results showed that molybdenum fertilizer had positive effects on photosynthesis and yield of peanut under different densities. Under the M2 treatment(165 thousand holes per hectare) with the addition of molybdenum fertilizer, the leaf area index at the later growth stage and the net photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance in 20～100 days after seedling emergence were higher, and the yield was significantly higher. In conclusion, molybdenum supplementation could be used as an assistant technique in the high-density and high-yielding cultivation of peanut.
引文
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[19] 陈海波,王志建. 钼肥不同施用量对大豆产量的影响[J]. 现代化农业,2017(5):24-25.
[20] 陈曼,袁溢,黄敏,等. 甘氨酸络合钼肥对黄瓜幼苗光合生理特性的影响[J]. 江西农业学报,2018,30(6):25-30.
[21] 王月福,王铭伦,赵长星. 花生新品种——青花6号与青花7号丰产栽培技术要点[J]. 种子世界,2011(3):41.
[2] 李爽,侯睿,张小军,等. 种植密度对“蜀彩花1号”多彩花生发育性状及产量的影响[J]. 中国农业大学学报,2018,23(12):31-38.
[3] 高飞,翟志席,王铭伦. 密度对夏直播花生光合特性及产量的影响[J]. 中国农学通报,2011,27(9):320-323.
[4] 赵志强. 花生钼营养研究综述[J]. 花生科技,1997(3):23-26.
[5] 万书波. 花生品质学 [M]. 第二版. 北京:中国农业科学技术出版社,2007:1-5.
[6] 赵兴华. 钼酸铵在花生上的增产效果[J]. 河南农业,2007(5):38.
[7] 杨庆锋,杜迎辉,刘峰. 根瘤菌肥对花生主要农艺性状及产量的影响[J]. 山东农业科学,2014,46(5):93-95.
[8] 梁晓艳,郭峰,张佳蕾,等. 单粒精播对花生冠层微环境、光合特性及产量的影响[J].应用生态学报,2015,26(12):3700-3706.
[9] Choudhury B J.Modeling radiation and carbon-use efficiencies of maize,sorghum,and rice[J]. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology,2001,106(4):317-330.
[10] Ashraf M,Bashir A. Relationship of photosynthetic capacity at the vegetative stage and during grain development with grain yield of two hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars differing in yield[J]. European Journal of Agronomy,2003,19(2):277-287.
[11] Stewart D W,Costa C,Dwyer L M,et al. Canopy structure,light interception,and photosynthesis in maize[J]. Agronomy Journal,2003,95(6):1465-1474.
[12] Marois J J,Wright D L,Wiatrak P J,et al. Effect of row width and nitrogen on cotton morphology and canopy microclimate[J]. Crop Science,2004,44(3):870-877.
[13] 王才斌,成波,郑亚萍,等. 高产条件下不同种植方式和密度对花生产量、产量性状及冠层特征的影响[J]. 花生科技,1999(1):12-14.
[14] 张俊,王铭伦,于旸,等. 不同种植密度对花生群体透光率的影响[J]. 山东农业科学,2010(10):52-54.
[15] 武维华. 植物生理学[M]. 北京:科学出版社,2007:88.
[16] 陆欣,谢英荷. 土壤肥料学[M]. 北京:中国农业大学出版社,2011:250.
[17] 张立军,刘新. 植物生理学 [M]. 第二版. 北京:科学出版社,2011:53.
[18] 邢诗晗,郭帅,刘新程,等. 三十烷醇及硼肥·钼肥对梯田旱地花生荚果性状的影响[J]. 安徽农业科学,2016,44(22):96-97,102.
[19] 陈海波,王志建. 钼肥不同施用量对大豆产量的影响[J]. 现代化农业,2017(5):24-25.
[20] 陈曼,袁溢,黄敏,等. 甘氨酸络合钼肥对黄瓜幼苗光合生理特性的影响[J]. 江西农业学报,2018,30(6):25-30.
[21] 王月福,王铭伦,赵长星. 花生新品种——青花6号与青花7号丰产栽培技术要点[J]. 种子世界,2011(3):41.