酒泉市边湾农场盐碱化土壤的脱硫石膏改良机理研究
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摘要
甘肃省酒泉市边湾农场土壤盐碱化严重,致使农业生产无法进行,因此采用脱硫石膏对采自边湾农场耕作层的土样进行改良试验,以评估其对边湾农场盐碱土改良的可行性。结果表明,与对照相比,施用脱硫石膏处理组(11 250～45 000 kg/hm~2)的土壤pH、碱化度、总碱度和钠吸附比均显著降低,分别下降了11.38%～12.61%、20.07%～48.40%、4.81%～8.35%、5.5%～22.92%;土壤中Na+、Cl-、K+和Mg2+含量分别降低了16.78%～29.33%、25.44%～46.77%、4.93%～10.05%、6.61%～17.72%,土壤中Ca2+和SO42-含量分别增加了12.91%～43.46%、5.77%～40.77%,表明试验土样的盐碱化程度降低。可见,试验方案对改良边湾农场盐碱化土壤有较好的效果,综合考虑,脱硫石膏施用量为33 750 kg/hm~2时改良效果最优。
The salinization degree of soil in Bianwan farm, Jiuquan city, Gansu province, is so seriously that makes the agricultural production impossible. Therefore, the desulfuration gypsum was adopted to improve the soil samples from the tilling layer of Bianwan farm in order to evaluate its feasibility for improvement of saline-alkali soil. The results showed that, compared with the control group, the pH value, the degree of soil alkalization, total alkalinity and sodium adsorption ratio of the desulfurization gypsum treatment groups(11 250 ～45 000 kg/hm~2) were significantly decreased, fell by 11.38% to 12.61%,20.07% to 48.40%, 4.81% to 8.35%,and 8.35% to 22.92%, respectively; the content of Na+,Cl-,K+and Mg2+decreased by16.78% to 29.33%, 25.44% to 46.77%, 4.93% to 10.05%, and 6.61% to 17.72%, respectively, and that of Ca2+and SO42-increased by 12.91% to 43.46%, 5.77% to 40.77%. Thus, these phenomenons indicated an obvious decrease in salinity of the tested soil samples. So, the test scheme was good for the improvement of saline soil from Bianwan farm, and the optimal amount of desulfurization gypsum was 33 750 kg/hm~2.
The salinization degree of soil in Bianwan farm, Jiuquan city, Gansu province, is so seriously that makes the agricultural production impossible. Therefore, the desulfuration gypsum was adopted to improve the soil samples from the tilling layer of Bianwan farm in order to evaluate its feasibility for improvement of saline-alkali soil. The results showed that, compared with the control group, the pH value, the degree of soil alkalization, total alkalinity and sodium adsorption ratio of the desulfurization gypsum treatment groups(11 250 ～45 000 kg/hm~2) were significantly decreased, fell by 11.38% to 12.61%,20.07% to 48.40%, 4.81% to 8.35%,and 8.35% to 22.92%, respectively; the content of Na+,Cl-,K+and Mg2+decreased by16.78% to 29.33%, 25.44% to 46.77%, 4.93% to 10.05%, and 6.61% to 17.72%, respectively, and that of Ca2+and SO42-increased by 12.91% to 43.46%, 5.77% to 40.77%. Thus, these phenomenons indicated an obvious decrease in salinity of the tested soil samples. So, the test scheme was good for the improvement of saline soil from Bianwan farm, and the optimal amount of desulfurization gypsum was 33 750 kg/hm~2.
引文
[1]魏博娴.中国盐碱土的分布与成因分析[J].水土保持应用技术,2012(6):27-28.
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[10]王金满,杨培岭,任树梅,等.烟气脱硫副产物改良碱性土壤过程中化学指标变化规律的研究[J].土壤学报,2005,42(1):98-105.
[11]刘娟,张凤华,李小东,等.滴灌条件下脱硫石膏对盐碱土改良效果及安全性的影响[J].干旱区资源与环境,2017,31(11):87-93.
[12]肖国举,罗成科,张峰举,等.燃煤电厂脱硫石膏改良碱化土壤的施用量[J].环境科学研究,2010,23(6):762-767.
[13]张峰举,肖国举,罗成科,等.脱硫石膏对次生碱化盐土的改良效果[J].河南农业科学,2010(2):49-53.
[14]毛玉梅,李小平.烟气脱硫石膏对滨海滩涂盐碱地的改良效果研究[J].中国环境科学,2016,36(1):225-231.
[15]蒲小剑,杜文华,吴建平.甘肃酒泉边湾农场土壤速效养分及含盐量分析[J].草原与草坪,2015,35(6):59-64,70.
[16]南江宽,陈效民,王晓洋,等.石膏与肥料配施对滨海盐土降盐抑碱的效果研究[J].南京农业大学学报,2014,37(4):103-108.
[17]王彬,肖国举,毛桂莲,等.燃煤烟气脱硫废弃物对盐碱土的改良效应及对向日葵生长的影响[J].植物生态学报,2010,34(10):1227-1235.
[18]荆丹.不同理化性质土壤对籽瓜幼苗生长的影响及不同栽培密度和坐果节位对籽瓜果实与种子产量的影响[D].兰州:甘肃农业大学,2017.
[19]李彦,衣怀峰,赵博,等.燃煤烟气脱硫石膏在新疆盐碱土壤改良中的应用研究[J].生态环境学报,2010,19(7):1682-1685.
[2]孙在金.脱硫石膏与腐植酸改良滨海盐碱土的效应及机理研究[D].北京:中国矿业大学(北京),2013.
[3] KELLEY W P. Alkali Soils[M].北京:科学出版社,1959.2-10.
[4] JENNY H. The Soil Resource, Origin and Behaviour[M].北京:科学出版社,1988.394-399.
[5]刘高斯塔耶夫B M.盐渍土改良[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,1964.25-31.
[6] VALLES V,BOURGEAT F. Geochemical determination of the gypsum requirement of cultivated sodic soils:I. Development of the thermodynamic model GYPSOL simulating the irrigation water-soil chemical interactions[J].Arid Land Research and Management,1988,2(3):165-177.
[7] VALLES V,BOURGEAT F. Geochemical determination of the gypsum requirement of cultivated sodic soils:II. Application to the sodic saline soils of the lower valley of Oued Medjerdah,Tunisia[J].Arid Land Research and Management,1988,2(3):179-186.
[8]袁洁,俄胜哲,姚嘉斌,等.脱硫石膏改良盐碱土技术的机理及研究进展[J].甘肃农业科技,2014(9):42-44.
[9]李焕珍,徐玉佩,杨伟奇,等.脱硫石膏改良强度苏打盐渍土效果的研究[J].生态学杂志,1999,18(1):25-29.
[10]王金满,杨培岭,任树梅,等.烟气脱硫副产物改良碱性土壤过程中化学指标变化规律的研究[J].土壤学报,2005,42(1):98-105.
[11]刘娟,张凤华,李小东,等.滴灌条件下脱硫石膏对盐碱土改良效果及安全性的影响[J].干旱区资源与环境,2017,31(11):87-93.
[12]肖国举,罗成科,张峰举,等.燃煤电厂脱硫石膏改良碱化土壤的施用量[J].环境科学研究,2010,23(6):762-767.
[13]张峰举,肖国举,罗成科,等.脱硫石膏对次生碱化盐土的改良效果[J].河南农业科学,2010(2):49-53.
[14]毛玉梅,李小平.烟气脱硫石膏对滨海滩涂盐碱地的改良效果研究[J].中国环境科学,2016,36(1):225-231.
[15]蒲小剑,杜文华,吴建平.甘肃酒泉边湾农场土壤速效养分及含盐量分析[J].草原与草坪,2015,35(6):59-64,70.
[16]南江宽,陈效民,王晓洋,等.石膏与肥料配施对滨海盐土降盐抑碱的效果研究[J].南京农业大学学报,2014,37(4):103-108.
[17]王彬,肖国举,毛桂莲,等.燃煤烟气脱硫废弃物对盐碱土的改良效应及对向日葵生长的影响[J].植物生态学报,2010,34(10):1227-1235.
[18]荆丹.不同理化性质土壤对籽瓜幼苗生长的影响及不同栽培密度和坐果节位对籽瓜果实与种子产量的影响[D].兰州:甘肃农业大学,2017.
[19]李彦,衣怀峰,赵博,等.燃煤烟气脱硫石膏在新疆盐碱土壤改良中的应用研究[J].生态环境学报,2010,19(7):1682-1685.