混种龙葵对番茄和茄子生理生化特性及镉含量的影响
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摘要
为研究混种对蔬菜生理生化特性及重金属含量的影响,在镉污染条件下,将番茄(Lycopersicon esculentum)和茄子(Solanum melongena)幼苗分别与镉超富集植物龙葵(Solanum nigrum)混种,研究混种龙葵对番茄和茄子幼苗生理生化特性及镉含量的影响。结果表明,与龙葵混种后,番茄根系及地上部分生物量、光合色素含量、抗氧化酶活性、可溶性糖含量、可溶性蛋白含量及地上部分镉含量较单种均增加,仅根系镉含量减少了43.54%。与龙葵混种后,茄子根系及地上部分生物量、光合色素含量、抗氧化酶活性、可溶性糖含量及可溶性蛋白含量较单种均减少,但根系及地上部分镉含量分别增加了44.06%和6.52%。龙葵分别混种番茄和茄子后,其根系镉含量、地上部分镉含量和镉积累量较单种均减少。因此,龙葵混种番茄和茄子不适合用于修复镉污染土壤和作为镉污染地区蔬菜的生产方式。
To study the effects of intercropping on physiological and biochemical characteristics and cadmium content of vegetables, Lycopersicon esculentum and Solanum melongena were intercropped with cadmium hyperaccumulator plant S. nigrum under cadmium contamination condition. The results showed that the root and aboveground biomass, photosynthetic pigment content, antioxidant enzyme activity, soluble sugar content,soluble protein content and cadmium content in the aboveground part of L. esculentum were higher than those of monoculture, only cadmium content in root decreased by 43.54%. The root and aboveground biomass,photosynthetic pigment content, antioxidant enzyme activity, soluble sugar content and soluble protein content of S. melongena were decreased after intercropped with S. nigrum, but cadmium content in root and aboveground increased by 44.06% and 6.52%, respectively. The root cadmium content, aboveground cadmium content and cadmium accumulation of S. nigrum intercropped with L. esculentum and S. melongenat were lower than those of monoculture. Therefore, L. esculentum and S. melongena intercropped with S. nigrum are not suitable for repairingthesoilpollutedbycadmiumandforproducingvegetablesintheareapollutedbycadmium.
To study the effects of intercropping on physiological and biochemical characteristics and cadmium content of vegetables, Lycopersicon esculentum and Solanum melongena were intercropped with cadmium hyperaccumulator plant S. nigrum under cadmium contamination condition. The results showed that the root and aboveground biomass, photosynthetic pigment content, antioxidant enzyme activity, soluble sugar content,soluble protein content and cadmium content in the aboveground part of L. esculentum were higher than those of monoculture, only cadmium content in root decreased by 43.54%. The root and aboveground biomass,photosynthetic pigment content, antioxidant enzyme activity, soluble sugar content and soluble protein content of S. melongena were decreased after intercropped with S. nigrum, but cadmium content in root and aboveground increased by 44.06% and 6.52%, respectively. The root cadmium content, aboveground cadmium content and cadmium accumulation of S. nigrum intercropped with L. esculentum and S. melongenat were lower than those of monoculture. Therefore, L. esculentum and S. melongena intercropped with S. nigrum are not suitable for repairingthesoilpollutedbycadmiumandforproducingvegetablesintheareapollutedbycadmium.
引文
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[10]黄佳璟,林立金,陈发波,等.混种鬼针草属植物对葡萄幼苗生长及镉积累的影响[J].四川农业大学学报,2018,36(4):481-487.
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[14]卫泽斌,吴启堂,龙新宪.利用套种和混合添加剂修复重金属污染土壤[J].农业环境科学学报,2005,24(6):1262-1262.
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[18] Wang S, Wei S, Ji D, et al. Co-planting Cd contaminated field using hyperaccumulator Solanum nigrum L. through interplant with low accumulation welsh onion[J]. International Journal of Phytoremediation,2015,17(9):879-884.
[19]丁海东,万延慧,齐乃敏,等.重金属(Cd2+、Zn2+)胁迫对番茄幼苗抗氧化酶系统的影响[J].上海农业学报,2004,20(4):79-82.
[20]张宪政.植物叶绿素含量测定——丙酮乙醇混合液法[J].辽宁农业科学,1986(3):26-28.
[21]熊庆娥.植物生理学实验教程[M].成都:四川科学技术出版社,2003:55-126.
[22] Rastmanesh F, Moore F, Keshavarzi B. Speciation and phytoavailability of heavy metals in contaminated soils in Sarcheshmeh area, Kerman province, Iran[J]. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination&Toxicology,2010,85(5):515-519.
[23] Dalcorso G, Farinati S, Maistri S, et al. How plants cope with cadmium:staking all on metabolism and gene expression[J].Journal of Integrative Plant Biology,2008,50(10):1268-1280.
[24]安玲瑶.作物间作对重金属吸收的影响及其机制的研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2012.
[25]谭建波,陈兴,郭先华,等.续断菊与玉米间作系统不同植物部位Cd、Pb分配特征[J].生态环境学报,2015,24(4):700-707.
[26]秦丽,祖艳群,湛方栋,等.续断菊与玉米间作对作物吸收积累镉的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2013,32(3):471-477.
[27]任纬,石军,严康,等.混种杂草对水果玉米幼苗生长及锌吸收的影响[J].河南农业科学,2016,45(9):21-25.
[28]赵雅洁,李周,宋海燕,等.喀斯特地区土壤厚度降低和水分减少对两种草本植物混种后光合的影响[J].草业科学,2017,34(7):1475-1486.
[29] Rubio F C, Camacho F G, Sevilla J M F, et al. A mechanistic model of photosynthesis in microalgae[J]. Biotechnology and Bioengineering,2003,81(4):459-473.
[30]周希琴,莫灿坤.植物重金属胁迫及其抗氧化系统[J].新疆教育学院学报,2003,19(2):103-108.
[31]谢娟娜,路杨,房琴,等.种子引发对小麦抗盐及抗旱特性影响综述[J].中国生态农业学报,2016,24(8):1025-1034.
[32]王兴伟,刘子芳,赵兵,等.铅锌胁迫下混种黑麦草和三叶草对假繁缕生理生态的影响[J].陕西农业科学,2017,63(1):30-34.
[33] Zhu S, Ma X, Guo R, et al. A field study on heavy metals phytoattenuation potential of monocropping and intercropping of maize and/or legumes in weakly alkaline soils[J]. International Journal of Phytoremediation, 2016,18(10):1014-1021.
[34]王激清,茹淑华,苏德纯.印度芥菜和油菜互作对各自吸收土壤中难溶态镉的影响[J].环境科学学报,2004,24(5):890-894.
[35] An L, Pan Y, Wang Z, et al. Heavy metal absorption status of five plant species in monoculture and intercropping[J]. Plant&Soil,2011,345(1-2):237-245.
[36]林立金,罗丽,杨代宇,等.混种富集植物对牛膝菊镉积累的影响[J].水土保持学报,2014,28(6):319-324.
[2] Xiao X, Cheng Z, Meng H, et al. Intercropping of green garlic(Allium sativum L.)induces nutrient concentration changes in the soil and plants in continuously cropped cucumber(Cucumis sativus L.)in a plastic tunnel[J]. PLoS ONE,2013,8(4):e62173.
[3] Ahmad l, Cheng Z, Meng H W, et al. Effect of pepper-garlic intercropping system on soil microbial and bio-chemical properties[J]. Pakistan Journal of Botany,2013,45(2):695-702.
[4]黄志勇,余江,秦德萍,等.菜园土壤重金属污染潜在生态危害评估分析[A].中国北京国际食品安全高峰论坛[C].2011:79-85.
[5]马瑾,万洪富,杨国义,等.东莞市蔬菜重金属污染状况研究[J].生态环境学报,2006,15(2):319-322.
[6]李明德,汤海涛,汤睿,等.长沙市郊蔬菜土壤和蔬菜重金属污染状况调查及评价[J].湖南农业科学,2005(3):34-36.
[7]林梅.福州市上市蔬菜中重金属污染评价及防治措施[J].江西农业学报,2011,23(6):129-131.
[8]秦丽.间作系统中续断菊与作物Cd、Pb累积特征和根系分泌低分子有机酸机理[D].云南:云南农业大学,2017.
[9] Wenzel W W. Rhizosphere processes and management in plantassisted bioremediation(phytoremediation)of soils[J]. Plant&Soil,2009,321(1-2):385-408.
[10]黄佳璟,林立金,陈发波,等.混种鬼针草属植物对葡萄幼苗生长及镉积累的影响[J].四川农业大学学报,2018,36(4):481-487.
[11]叶菲.镉的超富集植物油菜对小白菜生长环境净化效果及其机理的研究[D].湖南:湖南大学,2007.
[12]杨晖,梁巧玲,赵鹂,等.7种蔬菜型作物重金属积累效应及间作鸡眼草对其重金属吸收的影响[J].水土保持学报,2012,26(6):209-214.
[13]唐明灯,艾绍英,李盟军,等.轮间作对伴矿景天和苋菜生物量及Cd含量的影响[J].广东农业科学,2012,39(13):35-37.
[14]卫泽斌,吴启堂,龙新宪.利用套种和混合添加剂修复重金属污染土壤[J].农业环境科学学报,2005,24(6):1262-1262.
[15] Kn?rzer H, Graeff-H?nninger S, Guo B, et al. The rediscovery of intercropping in china:a traditional cropping system for future Chinese agriculture-a review[A]. Climate Change, Intercropping,Pest Control and Beneficial Microorganisms[M]. Springer Netherlands,2009.
[16]殷恒霞.重金属超富集植物龙葵(Solanum nigrum L.)对Cd耐受和富集的生理和分子机制初探[D].青海:青海师范大学,2010.
[17] Niu M, Wei S, Bai J, et al. Remediation and safe production of Cd contaminated soil via multiple cropping hyperaccumulator Solanum nigrum L. and low accumulation Chinese cabbage[J]. International Journal of Phytoremediation,2015,17(7):657-661.
[18] Wang S, Wei S, Ji D, et al. Co-planting Cd contaminated field using hyperaccumulator Solanum nigrum L. through interplant with low accumulation welsh onion[J]. International Journal of Phytoremediation,2015,17(9):879-884.
[19]丁海东,万延慧,齐乃敏,等.重金属(Cd2+、Zn2+)胁迫对番茄幼苗抗氧化酶系统的影响[J].上海农业学报,2004,20(4):79-82.
[20]张宪政.植物叶绿素含量测定——丙酮乙醇混合液法[J].辽宁农业科学,1986(3):26-28.
[21]熊庆娥.植物生理学实验教程[M].成都:四川科学技术出版社,2003:55-126.
[22] Rastmanesh F, Moore F, Keshavarzi B. Speciation and phytoavailability of heavy metals in contaminated soils in Sarcheshmeh area, Kerman province, Iran[J]. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination&Toxicology,2010,85(5):515-519.
[23] Dalcorso G, Farinati S, Maistri S, et al. How plants cope with cadmium:staking all on metabolism and gene expression[J].Journal of Integrative Plant Biology,2008,50(10):1268-1280.
[24]安玲瑶.作物间作对重金属吸收的影响及其机制的研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2012.
[25]谭建波,陈兴,郭先华,等.续断菊与玉米间作系统不同植物部位Cd、Pb分配特征[J].生态环境学报,2015,24(4):700-707.
[26]秦丽,祖艳群,湛方栋,等.续断菊与玉米间作对作物吸收积累镉的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2013,32(3):471-477.
[27]任纬,石军,严康,等.混种杂草对水果玉米幼苗生长及锌吸收的影响[J].河南农业科学,2016,45(9):21-25.
[28]赵雅洁,李周,宋海燕,等.喀斯特地区土壤厚度降低和水分减少对两种草本植物混种后光合的影响[J].草业科学,2017,34(7):1475-1486.
[29] Rubio F C, Camacho F G, Sevilla J M F, et al. A mechanistic model of photosynthesis in microalgae[J]. Biotechnology and Bioengineering,2003,81(4):459-473.
[30]周希琴,莫灿坤.植物重金属胁迫及其抗氧化系统[J].新疆教育学院学报,2003,19(2):103-108.
[31]谢娟娜,路杨,房琴,等.种子引发对小麦抗盐及抗旱特性影响综述[J].中国生态农业学报,2016,24(8):1025-1034.
[32]王兴伟,刘子芳,赵兵,等.铅锌胁迫下混种黑麦草和三叶草对假繁缕生理生态的影响[J].陕西农业科学,2017,63(1):30-34.
[33] Zhu S, Ma X, Guo R, et al. A field study on heavy metals phytoattenuation potential of monocropping and intercropping of maize and/or legumes in weakly alkaline soils[J]. International Journal of Phytoremediation, 2016,18(10):1014-1021.
[34]王激清,茹淑华,苏德纯.印度芥菜和油菜互作对各自吸收土壤中难溶态镉的影响[J].环境科学学报,2004,24(5):890-894.
[35] An L, Pan Y, Wang Z, et al. Heavy metal absorption status of five plant species in monoculture and intercropping[J]. Plant&Soil,2011,345(1-2):237-245.
[36]林立金,罗丽,杨代宇,等.混种富集植物对牛膝菊镉积累的影响[J].水土保持学报,2014,28(6):319-324.