摘要
地震沉积学应用于陆相湖盆时,亟待开展技术方法上的探索。分析了90°相位转换技术、地层切片技术和分频解释技术等3项地震沉积学关键技术的局限性,指出90°相位转换需要综合考虑与之相匹配的地质体的厚度和地震数据频率;地层切片可以用于沉积相解释,针对不同的沉积相类型,需采用不同的切片方式;地质体三维可视化雕刻技术应用于地震沉积学解释,可以解决复杂储集层沉积的三维解释难题。
Seismic sedimentology is a new research field proposed during studies of the marine strata abroad in recent years,but its applica-tion to continental lake basins is urgently required to explore in technique.This paper analyzes the limitations of such three key techniquesof seismic sedimentology as 90°-phase conversion,strata slicing and frequency decomposition interpretation,and points out that the 90°-phase conversion technique needs comprehensive consideration of the matched geologic body thickness and the frequency components ofseismic data; strata slicing technique can be used for interpretation of sedimentary facies,but need to adopt different ways of slicing,ac-cording to different types of sedimentary facies; 3D visualization sculpture technique of geological body can be applied to seismic sedimen-tology,solving 3D interpretation problem of complex reservoir sediments.
引文
[1]孙天皛.葡北油田水下分流河道砂体结构分析及剩余油分布模式[J].石油天然气学报,2012,34(10):40-42.Sun Tianxiao.The sandbody structure of underwater distributarychannel and remaining oil distributive pattern in Pubei oilfield[J].Journal of Oil and Gas Technology,2012,34(10):40-42.
[2]陈俊庆,魏小东.葡北地区三维地震资料精细解释[J].石油地球物理勘探,2002,37(增刊1):145-149.Chen Junqing,Wei Xiaodong.Fine interpretation of 3D seismic datain Pubei area[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2002,37(Suppl.1):145-149.
[3]马英健,王长生,姜显春,等.松辽盆地葡北油田葡Ⅰ组油层精细沉积相[J].大庆石油学院学报,2003,27(2):8-12.Ma Yingjian,Wang Changsheng,Jiang Xianchun,et al.Fine sedi-mentary facies research of oil reservoir in formation PⅠ,Pubei oil-field,Songliao basin[J].2003,27(2):8-12.
[4]Zeng Hongliu,Ambrose W A.Seismic sedimentology and regionaldepositional systems in Mioceno Norte,Lake Maracaibo,Venezuela[J].The Leading Edge,2001,20(11):1 260-1 269.
[5]Zeng Hongliu,Kerans C.Seismic frequency control on carbonateseismic stratigraphy:a case study of the Kingdom Abo sequence,west Texas[J].AAPG Bulletin,2003,87(2):273-293.
[6]Zeng Hongliu,Backus M M.Interpretive advantages of 90°-phasewavelets,part 1:modeling[J].Geophysics,2005,70(3):7-15.
[7]Zeng Hongliu,Backus M M.Interpretive advantages of 90°-phasewavelets,part 2:seismic applications[J].Geophysics,2005,70(3):17-24.
[8]林承焰,张宪国.地震沉积学探讨[J].地球科学进展,2006,21(11):1 140-1 144.Lin Chengyan,Zhang Xianguo.The discussion of seismic sedmien-tology[J].Advances in Earth Science,2006,21(11):1 140-1 144.
[9]董春梅,张宪国,林承焰.有关地震沉积学若干问题的探讨[J].石油地球物理勘探,2006,41(4):405-409.Dong Chunmei,Zhang Xianguo,Lin Chengyan.Discussion on sever-al issues about seismic sedimentology[J].Oil Geophysical Prospect-ing,2006,41(4):405-409.
[10]Brown A R,Dahm C G,Graebner R J.A stratigraphic case histo-ry—using three-dimensional seismic data in the Gulf of Thailand[J].Geophysical Prospecting,1981,29(3):327-349.
[11]Wolfgang S.The future of applied sedimentary geology[J].Journalof Sedimentary Research,2000,70(1):2-9.
[12]Zeng Hongliu,Backus M M,Barraw K T,et al.Stratal slicing,partΙ:realistic 3D seismic model[J].Geophysics,1998,63(2):502-513.
[13]Widess M B.How thin is thin bed?[J].Geophysics,1973,38(6):1 176-1 180.
[14]Kallweit R S,Wood L C.The limits of resolution of zero-phasewavelets[J].Geophysics,1982,47(7):1 035-1 046.
[15]Schoenberger M.Resolution comparison of minimum-phase and ze-ro-phase signal[J].Geophysics,1974,39(6):826-833.
[16]Sheriff R E.Limitations on resolution of seismic reflection and geo-logic detail derivable from them[C]//Payton C E.Seismic stratigra-phy:applications to hydrocarbon exploration.AAPG Memoir 26,1977:3-14.
[17]Hongliu Zeng.How thin is thin bed?An alternative perspective[J].The Leading Edge,2009,18(11):1 192-1 197.
[18]Hongliu Zeng.A new definition of seismic resolution for predictingvery thin(1 m)reservoirs in layered media[R].Beijing:CPS/SEGBeijing 2009 International Geophysical Conference&Exposition,2009.