井震资料尺度匹配过程中声测井数据的精细分层方法研究
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摘要
声测井资料和地震资料在纵向上尺度差异较大,因此实现二者的尺度匹配是声测井资料标定地震资料的前提。针对常规井震资料尺度匹配过程中可能会丢失声测井数据局部信息的缺点,在深时转换前采用最小速度差以及最小厚度原理对声测井数据进行精细分层处理:首先采用变时窗的中值滤波对声测井资料进行预处理,降低噪声的影响;然后根据最小速度差以及最小厚度原理对声测井资料进行分层,分层参数最小速度差由目的层的具体情况决定,最小厚度则由地震采样间隔以及最小单层双程旅行时决定;最后把分层后的声测井曲线进行深时转换,并按地震采样间隔进行重采样。对实际的声测井资料处理表明,该方法在保留声测井数据的局部信息上具有一定优势,为提高井震标定精度奠定了基础。
There is a big scale difference between acoustic log data and seismic data in vertical,therefore,the comparison of synthetic seismogram and seismic data at well is on the premise of achieving scale matching.The conventional method for scale matching between acoustic log data and seismic data may result in losing the local information of acoustic log data.Aiming at the deficiencies of the conventional method,we employ the principle of minimum speed deviation and minimum thickness to stratify acoustic log data before depth-time conversion.Firstly,we employ the median filtering with variable scales windows to preprocess acoustic log data,which can reduce the effect of noise.Secondly,we stratify the acoustic log curve according to the principle of minimum speed deviation and minimum thickness;stratified parameters are determined by the specific objective layer,seismic sampling interval and minimum two-way travel time,respectively.Finally,we transform the stratified acoustic log curve from depth domain to time domain and resample the acoustic log data in time domain according to seismic sampling interval.The model test shows that the method in this paper can remain more thin-layer information than conventional method,and laying the foundation of improving the accuracy of well-seismic calibration.
There is a big scale difference between acoustic log data and seismic data in vertical,therefore,the comparison of synthetic seismogram and seismic data at well is on the premise of achieving scale matching.The conventional method for scale matching between acoustic log data and seismic data may result in losing the local information of acoustic log data.Aiming at the deficiencies of the conventional method,we employ the principle of minimum speed deviation and minimum thickness to stratify acoustic log data before depth-time conversion.Firstly,we employ the median filtering with variable scales windows to preprocess acoustic log data,which can reduce the effect of noise.Secondly,we stratify the acoustic log curve according to the principle of minimum speed deviation and minimum thickness;stratified parameters are determined by the specific objective layer,seismic sampling interval and minimum two-way travel time,respectively.Finally,we transform the stratified acoustic log curve from depth domain to time domain and resample the acoustic log data in time domain according to seismic sampling interval.The model test shows that the method in this paper can remain more thin-layer information than conventional method,and laying the foundation of improving the accuracy of well-seismic calibration.
引文
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[8]王保丽,印兴耀,张繁昌.基于Gray近似的弹性波阻抗方程及反演[J].石油地球物理勘探,2007,42(4):435-439.WANG B L,YIN X Y,ZHANG F CH.Gray approximation-based elastic wave impedance equation and inversion[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2007,42(4):435-439.(In Chinese)
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[10]WALDEN A T,HOSKEN J W J.TUTORIAL:Choosing the averaging interval when calculating primary reflection coefficients from well logs[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,1988,36(8):799-824.
[11]韩行吉,杨文采,吴永刚.地震与声测井资料的匹配[J].石油地球物理勘探,1995,30(A02):27-33.HAN X J,YANG W C,WU Y G.Seismic and acoustic logging data matching[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,1995,30(Supplement 2):27-33.(In Chinese)
[12]陈文超,汪文秉,高静怀,等.多分辨分析理论在井-震匹配中的应用[J].地球物理学报,1999,42(增刊):219-224.CHEN W CH,WANG W B,GAO J H,et al.Matching of Seismic with Sonic Log Using the Theory of Multiresolution Analysis[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,1999,42(Supplement):219-224.(In Chinese)
[13]陈文超,王松练,汪文秉,等.由声测井资料计算反射系数序列中多分辨率逼近的选择[J].地球物理学进展,2000,15(4):79-86.CHEN W CH,WANG S L,WANG W B,et al.Choosing the Multiresolution Approximations in Calculating Reflection Coefficients from Well Logs[J].Progress in Geophysics,2000,15(4):79-86.(In Chinese)
[14]董恩清,刘贵忠,张宗平,等.多分辨分析用于测井资料的重采样及合成记录与地震道的匹配[J].测井技术,1999,23(4):264-267.DONG E Q,LIU G ZH,ZHANG Z P,et al.Resampling of Logging Data and Matching of Synthetic Seismogram with Seismic Trace by Multiresolution Analysis[J].Well Logging Technology,1999,23(4):264-267.(In Chinese)
[15]张广智,刘洪,印兴耀,等.地震解释中声波测井资料的整理方法研究[J].地球物理学进展,2011,26(6):2055-2063.ZHANG G ZH,LIU H,YIN X Y,et al.Collation method research of acoustic logging data in seismic interpretation[J].Progress in Geophysics,2011,26(6):2055-2063.(In Chinese)
[16]李承楚.关于中值滤波的理论基础[J].石油地球物理勘探,1986,21(4):372-379.LI CH CH.The basic theory of median filtering[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,1986,21(4):372-379.(In Chinese)
[17]桂志先,余梦珍.应用中值滤波实现合成地震道与实际地震道匹配[J].河南石油,1997,11(5):14-16.GUI ZH X,YU M ZH.Application of Median Filtering to Realizing the Match between Synthetic and Actual Seismic Filtering Trace[J].Henan Petroleum,1997,11(5):14-16.(In Chinese)
[2]陈林,邓勇,盖永浩,等.对井震标定中一个特殊情况的思考[J].物探化探计算技术,2014,36(1):87-91.CHEN L,DENG Y,GAI Y H,et al.Pondering on one particular situation of well-seismic calibration[J].Computing Techniques for Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,2014,36(1):87-91.(In Chinese)
[3]施振飞,印兴耀.利用井间地震资料与测井资料进行储层精细解释[J].石油地球物理勘探,2005,40(2):172-175.SHI ZH F,YIN X Y.Using cross-hole seismic data and logging data for fine reservoir interpretation[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2005,40(2):172-175.(In Chinese)
[4]印兴耀,张世鑫,张繁昌,等.利用基于Russell近似的弹性波阻抗反演进行储层描述和流体识别[J].石油地球物理勘探,2010,45(3):373-380.YIN X Y,ZHANG SH X,ZHANG F CH,et al.Utilizing Russell Approximation-based elastic wave impedance inversion to conduct reservoir description and fluid identification[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2010,45(3):373-380.(In Chinese)
[5]曹丹平,印兴耀,张繁昌,等.改进的井间地震资料波阻抗反演方法[J].中国石油大学学报:自然科学版,2008,32(2):34-38.CAO D P,YIN X Y,ZH F CH,et al.Improved impedance inversion method of crosswell seismic data[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum,2008,32(2):34-38.(In Chinese)
[6]曹丹平,印兴耀,张繁昌,等.井间地震约束下的高分辨率波阻抗反演方法研究[J].石油物探,2010,49(5):425-429.CAO D P,YIN X Y,ZH F CH,et al.Study of high-resolution impedance inversion method constrained by crosswell seismic data[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2010,49(5):425-429.(In Chinese)
[7]张明振,印兴耀,谭明友,等.对测井约束地震波阻抗反演的理解与应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2007,42(6):699-702.ZHANG M ZH,YIN X Y,TAN M Y,et al.Realization and application of logging-constrained seismic wave impedance inversion[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2007,42(6):699-702.(In Chinese)
[8]王保丽,印兴耀,张繁昌.基于Gray近似的弹性波阻抗方程及反演[J].石油地球物理勘探,2007,42(4):435-439.WANG B L,YIN X Y,ZHANG F CH.Gray approximation-based elastic wave impedance equation and inversion[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2007,42(4):435-439.(In Chinese)
[9]马劲风,赵圣亮,曲志浩.声波测井数据的深度域转换到时间域采样方法研究[J].石油地球物理勘探,1998,33(A01):40-45.MA J F,ZHAO SH L,QU ZH H.Sampling method research of acoustic log data in depth converted to time domain[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,1988,33(Supplement 1):40-45.(In Chinese)
[10]WALDEN A T,HOSKEN J W J.TUTORIAL:Choosing the averaging interval when calculating primary reflection coefficients from well logs[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,1988,36(8):799-824.
[11]韩行吉,杨文采,吴永刚.地震与声测井资料的匹配[J].石油地球物理勘探,1995,30(A02):27-33.HAN X J,YANG W C,WU Y G.Seismic and acoustic logging data matching[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,1995,30(Supplement 2):27-33.(In Chinese)
[12]陈文超,汪文秉,高静怀,等.多分辨分析理论在井-震匹配中的应用[J].地球物理学报,1999,42(增刊):219-224.CHEN W CH,WANG W B,GAO J H,et al.Matching of Seismic with Sonic Log Using the Theory of Multiresolution Analysis[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,1999,42(Supplement):219-224.(In Chinese)
[13]陈文超,王松练,汪文秉,等.由声测井资料计算反射系数序列中多分辨率逼近的选择[J].地球物理学进展,2000,15(4):79-86.CHEN W CH,WANG S L,WANG W B,et al.Choosing the Multiresolution Approximations in Calculating Reflection Coefficients from Well Logs[J].Progress in Geophysics,2000,15(4):79-86.(In Chinese)
[14]董恩清,刘贵忠,张宗平,等.多分辨分析用于测井资料的重采样及合成记录与地震道的匹配[J].测井技术,1999,23(4):264-267.DONG E Q,LIU G ZH,ZHANG Z P,et al.Resampling of Logging Data and Matching of Synthetic Seismogram with Seismic Trace by Multiresolution Analysis[J].Well Logging Technology,1999,23(4):264-267.(In Chinese)
[15]张广智,刘洪,印兴耀,等.地震解释中声波测井资料的整理方法研究[J].地球物理学进展,2011,26(6):2055-2063.ZHANG G ZH,LIU H,YIN X Y,et al.Collation method research of acoustic logging data in seismic interpretation[J].Progress in Geophysics,2011,26(6):2055-2063.(In Chinese)
[16]李承楚.关于中值滤波的理论基础[J].石油地球物理勘探,1986,21(4):372-379.LI CH CH.The basic theory of median filtering[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,1986,21(4):372-379.(In Chinese)
[17]桂志先,余梦珍.应用中值滤波实现合成地震道与实际地震道匹配[J].河南石油,1997,11(5):14-16.GUI ZH X,YU M ZH.Application of Median Filtering to Realizing the Match between Synthetic and Actual Seismic Filtering Trace[J].Henan Petroleum,1997,11(5):14-16.(In Chinese)
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