柴达木盆地某油气聚集区电性结构研究
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摘要
柴达木盆地某油气聚集区地质条件复杂,地震勘探效果不明显。在该区布设了5条广域电磁法测线,采用2n序列伪随机信号发射源和广域电磁法油气目标识别技术,研究了该区电性结构特征。结果表明,该区存在5个主要电性层,产气层为高电阻率特征,产气层反演电阻率是非产气层的2倍以上。反演结果与钻井及地震资料对比证明,广域电磁法对油气层识别较有效。由于施工简单,成本低,广域电磁法具有一定的推广应用价值。
The geological conditions in a hydrocarbon accumulation area of Qaidam Basin are complex, and the seismic exploration effect is not obvious. By applying wide field electromagnetic method, this paper conducted field experiment with five survey lines and studied the electric structure of the study area by a continuous periodic 2n sequence pseudo-random signal. The results show that five main electric layers exist and the gas layers perform relatively high electrical resistivity. The inversion resistivity values of the gas layers are two times more than that of non-gas layers. Comparing with the well drilling and seismic data, the wide field electromagnetic method is effective for oil and gas identification. Due to the simple field work and low costs, the value of wide field electromagnetic method is tremendous in popularization and application in Qaidam Basin.
The geological conditions in a hydrocarbon accumulation area of Qaidam Basin are complex, and the seismic exploration effect is not obvious. By applying wide field electromagnetic method, this paper conducted field experiment with five survey lines and studied the electric structure of the study area by a continuous periodic 2n sequence pseudo-random signal. The results show that five main electric layers exist and the gas layers perform relatively high electrical resistivity. The inversion resistivity values of the gas layers are two times more than that of non-gas layers. Comparing with the well drilling and seismic data, the wide field electromagnetic method is effective for oil and gas identification. Due to the simple field work and low costs, the value of wide field electromagnetic method is tremendous in popularization and application in Qaidam Basin.
引文
[1]赵邦六,何展翔,文百红.非地震直接油气检测技术及其勘探实践[J].中国石油勘探,2005,10(6):29-37.Zhao Bangliu,He Zhanxiang,Wen Baihong.Non-seismic technique for direct oil-gas detection and its exploration practice[J].China Petroleum Exploration,2005,10(6):29-37.
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[3]Wright D,Ziolkowski A,Hobbs B.Hydrocarbon detection and monitoring with a multicomponent transient electromagnetic(MTEM)survey[J].The Leading Edge,2002,21(9):852-864.
[4]Ziolkowski A,Hobbs B,Wright D.Multitransient electromagnetic demonstration survey in France[J].Geophysics,2007,72(4):F197-F209.
[5]Streich R,Becken M,Ritter O.2.5D controlled-source EM modeling with general 3D source geometires[J].Geophysics,2011,76(6):F387-F393.
[6]Streich R,Becken M,Matzander U,et al.Strategies for land-based controlled-source electromagnetic surveying in high-noise regions[J].The Leading Edge,2011,30(10):1174-1181.
[7]何展翔,王绪本.油气藏电性异常模式与电磁法油气检测[J].石油地球物理勘探,2007,42(1):102-106.He Zhanxiang,Wang Xuben.Geo-electrical anomalous pattern of reservoir and oil/gas detection by electromagnetic survey[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2012,42(1):102-106.
[8]何继善.广域电磁测深法研究[J].中南大学学报:自然科学版,2010,41(3):1065-1072.He Jishan.Wide field electromagnetic sounding methods[J].Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology,2010,41(3):1065-1072.
[9]蒋奇云.广域电磁测深仪关键技术研究[D].长沙:中南大学,2010.Jiang Qiyun.Study on the key technology of wide field electromagnetic sounding instrument[D].Changsha:Central South University,2010.
[10]戴世坤,王顺国,张钱江,等.频率域可控源电磁法2.5D正反演[J].中国有色金属学报,2013,23(9):2513-2523.Dai Shikun,Wang Shunguo,Zhang Qianjiang,et al.2.5D forward and inversion of CSEM in frequency domain[J].The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2013,23(9):2513-2523.
[11]李帝铨,谢维,程党性.E-Ex广域电磁法三维数值模拟[J].中国有色金属学报,2013,23(9):2459-2470.Li Diquan,Xie wei,Cheng Dangxing.Three-dimensional modeling for E-Ex wide field electromagnetic methods[J].The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2013,23(9):2459-2470.
[12]周必文,凌帆.E-Ex广域电磁法探测火山岩油气藏的实验研究[J].油气地球物理,2012,10(3):56-59.Zhou Biwen,Ling Fan.E-Ex wide field electromagnetic method experiment research in exploring volcanic rock reservoirs[J].Petroleum Geophysics,2012,10(3):56-59.
[13]朱裕振,许聪悦.广域电磁法深部找矿实验结果[J].物探与化探,2011,35(6):743-746.Zhu Yuzhen,Xu Congyue.The experimental application of wider field electromagnetic method to the prospecting for deep ore deposits[J].Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,2011,35(6):742-746.
[14]汤井田,戴前伟,柳建新,等.何继善教授从事地球物理工作60周年学术成就回顾[J].中国有色金属学报,2013,23(9):2323-2339.Tang Jingtian,Dai Qianwei,Liu Jianxin,et al.Academic achievements of Professor HE Ji-shan dedicated to geophysics for six decades[J].The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2013,23(9):2323-2339.
[15]何继善.广域电磁法和伪随机信号电法[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2010:34-39.He Jishan.Wide field electromagnetic sounding methods and pseudorandom signal coding electrical method[M].Beijing:Higher Education Press,2010.
[16]陈启林.大型咸化湖盆地层岩性油气藏有利条件与勘探方向——以柴达木盆地柴西南古近纪为例[J].岩性油气藏,2007,19(1):46-51.Chen Qilin.Favorable condition and exploration prospecting of lithologic hydrocarbon reservoir in large-scale saline basin—Case study on the Eogene in the southwest of Qaidam Basin[J].Lithologic Reservoirs,2007,19(1):46-51.
[17]袁剑英,付锁堂,曹正林,等.柴达木盆地高原复合油气系统多源生烃和复式成藏[J].岩性油气藏,2011,23(3):7-14.Yuan Jianying,Fu Suotang,Cao Zhenglin,et al.Multi-source hydrocarbon generation and accumulation of plateau multiple petroleum system in Qaidam Basin[J].Lithologic Reservoirs,2011,23(3):7-14.
[18]马新民,赵明君,石亚军,等.阿尔金南斜坡东段鼻状构造带构造演化特征及找气方向[J].天然气工业,2013,33(5):19-23.Ma Xinmin,Zhao Mingjun,Shi Yajun,et al.Evolutional history and gas exploration direction of the nose-like structural belt in the eastern part of south Altun slope,Qaidam Basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,2013,33(5):19-23.
[19]张景廉,石兰亭,陈启林,等.柴达木盆地地壳深部构造特征及油气勘探新领域[J].岩性油气藏,2008,20(2):29-36.Zhang Jinglian,Shi Lanting,Chen Qilin,et al.Deep crust structural features and new targets of petroleum exploration in Qaidam Basin[J].Lithologic Reservoirs,2008,20(2):29-36.
[20]孙国强,杜忠明,贾艳艳,等.柴达木盆地北缘西段古近纪以来沉积模式研究[J].岩性油气藏,2012,24(4):13-18.Sun Guoqiang,Du Zhongming,Jia Yanyan,et al.Sedimentary model since Paleogene in northern margin of Qaidam Basin[J].Lithologic Reservoirs,2012,24(4):13-18.
[21]赵健,张成娟,黄建红,等.柴达木盆地东坪古隆起气藏特征及成藏分析[J].青海石油,2013,31(1):1-6.Zhao Jian,Zhang Chengjuan,Huang Jianhong,et al.Characteristics of the gas reservoirs and gas accumulation analysis of Dongping palaeo-uplift in Qaidam Basin[J].Qinghai Oil,2013,31(1):1-6.
[22]黄兆辉,底青云,侯胜利.CSAMT的静态效应校正及应用[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(4):1290-1295.Huang Zhaohui,Di Qingyun,Hou Shengli.CSAMT static correction and its application[J].Progress in Geophysics,2006,21(4):1290-1295.
[23]王信和,唐明光,吕新友.阿尔金山斜坡的深部电性结构及推覆构造[J].地质科学,1992,27(4):317-324.Wang Xinhe,Tang Mingguang,LüXinyou.Deep electric characteristics and nappe structure of Altun Mountain slope[J].Scientia Geaologica Sinica,1992,27(4):317-324.
[2]徐义贤,王槐仁.电和电磁法探测油气的回顾与展望[J].勘探地球物理进展,2002,25(6):1-5.Xu Yixian,Wang Huairen.The past and future of oil and gas exploration via electrical and electromagnetic methods[J].Progress in Exploration Geophysics,2002,25(6):1-5.
[3]Wright D,Ziolkowski A,Hobbs B.Hydrocarbon detection and monitoring with a multicomponent transient electromagnetic(MTEM)survey[J].The Leading Edge,2002,21(9):852-864.
[4]Ziolkowski A,Hobbs B,Wright D.Multitransient electromagnetic demonstration survey in France[J].Geophysics,2007,72(4):F197-F209.
[5]Streich R,Becken M,Ritter O.2.5D controlled-source EM modeling with general 3D source geometires[J].Geophysics,2011,76(6):F387-F393.
[6]Streich R,Becken M,Matzander U,et al.Strategies for land-based controlled-source electromagnetic surveying in high-noise regions[J].The Leading Edge,2011,30(10):1174-1181.
[7]何展翔,王绪本.油气藏电性异常模式与电磁法油气检测[J].石油地球物理勘探,2007,42(1):102-106.He Zhanxiang,Wang Xuben.Geo-electrical anomalous pattern of reservoir and oil/gas detection by electromagnetic survey[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2012,42(1):102-106.
[8]何继善.广域电磁测深法研究[J].中南大学学报:自然科学版,2010,41(3):1065-1072.He Jishan.Wide field electromagnetic sounding methods[J].Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology,2010,41(3):1065-1072.
[9]蒋奇云.广域电磁测深仪关键技术研究[D].长沙:中南大学,2010.Jiang Qiyun.Study on the key technology of wide field electromagnetic sounding instrument[D].Changsha:Central South University,2010.
[10]戴世坤,王顺国,张钱江,等.频率域可控源电磁法2.5D正反演[J].中国有色金属学报,2013,23(9):2513-2523.Dai Shikun,Wang Shunguo,Zhang Qianjiang,et al.2.5D forward and inversion of CSEM in frequency domain[J].The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2013,23(9):2513-2523.
[11]李帝铨,谢维,程党性.E-Ex广域电磁法三维数值模拟[J].中国有色金属学报,2013,23(9):2459-2470.Li Diquan,Xie wei,Cheng Dangxing.Three-dimensional modeling for E-Ex wide field electromagnetic methods[J].The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2013,23(9):2459-2470.
[12]周必文,凌帆.E-Ex广域电磁法探测火山岩油气藏的实验研究[J].油气地球物理,2012,10(3):56-59.Zhou Biwen,Ling Fan.E-Ex wide field electromagnetic method experiment research in exploring volcanic rock reservoirs[J].Petroleum Geophysics,2012,10(3):56-59.
[13]朱裕振,许聪悦.广域电磁法深部找矿实验结果[J].物探与化探,2011,35(6):743-746.Zhu Yuzhen,Xu Congyue.The experimental application of wider field electromagnetic method to the prospecting for deep ore deposits[J].Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,2011,35(6):742-746.
[14]汤井田,戴前伟,柳建新,等.何继善教授从事地球物理工作60周年学术成就回顾[J].中国有色金属学报,2013,23(9):2323-2339.Tang Jingtian,Dai Qianwei,Liu Jianxin,et al.Academic achievements of Professor HE Ji-shan dedicated to geophysics for six decades[J].The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2013,23(9):2323-2339.
[15]何继善.广域电磁法和伪随机信号电法[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2010:34-39.He Jishan.Wide field electromagnetic sounding methods and pseudorandom signal coding electrical method[M].Beijing:Higher Education Press,2010.
[16]陈启林.大型咸化湖盆地层岩性油气藏有利条件与勘探方向——以柴达木盆地柴西南古近纪为例[J].岩性油气藏,2007,19(1):46-51.Chen Qilin.Favorable condition and exploration prospecting of lithologic hydrocarbon reservoir in large-scale saline basin—Case study on the Eogene in the southwest of Qaidam Basin[J].Lithologic Reservoirs,2007,19(1):46-51.
[17]袁剑英,付锁堂,曹正林,等.柴达木盆地高原复合油气系统多源生烃和复式成藏[J].岩性油气藏,2011,23(3):7-14.Yuan Jianying,Fu Suotang,Cao Zhenglin,et al.Multi-source hydrocarbon generation and accumulation of plateau multiple petroleum system in Qaidam Basin[J].Lithologic Reservoirs,2011,23(3):7-14.
[18]马新民,赵明君,石亚军,等.阿尔金南斜坡东段鼻状构造带构造演化特征及找气方向[J].天然气工业,2013,33(5):19-23.Ma Xinmin,Zhao Mingjun,Shi Yajun,et al.Evolutional history and gas exploration direction of the nose-like structural belt in the eastern part of south Altun slope,Qaidam Basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,2013,33(5):19-23.
[19]张景廉,石兰亭,陈启林,等.柴达木盆地地壳深部构造特征及油气勘探新领域[J].岩性油气藏,2008,20(2):29-36.Zhang Jinglian,Shi Lanting,Chen Qilin,et al.Deep crust structural features and new targets of petroleum exploration in Qaidam Basin[J].Lithologic Reservoirs,2008,20(2):29-36.
[20]孙国强,杜忠明,贾艳艳,等.柴达木盆地北缘西段古近纪以来沉积模式研究[J].岩性油气藏,2012,24(4):13-18.Sun Guoqiang,Du Zhongming,Jia Yanyan,et al.Sedimentary model since Paleogene in northern margin of Qaidam Basin[J].Lithologic Reservoirs,2012,24(4):13-18.
[21]赵健,张成娟,黄建红,等.柴达木盆地东坪古隆起气藏特征及成藏分析[J].青海石油,2013,31(1):1-6.Zhao Jian,Zhang Chengjuan,Huang Jianhong,et al.Characteristics of the gas reservoirs and gas accumulation analysis of Dongping palaeo-uplift in Qaidam Basin[J].Qinghai Oil,2013,31(1):1-6.
[22]黄兆辉,底青云,侯胜利.CSAMT的静态效应校正及应用[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(4):1290-1295.Huang Zhaohui,Di Qingyun,Hou Shengli.CSAMT static correction and its application[J].Progress in Geophysics,2006,21(4):1290-1295.
[23]王信和,唐明光,吕新友.阿尔金山斜坡的深部电性结构及推覆构造[J].地质科学,1992,27(4):317-324.Wang Xinhe,Tang Mingguang,LüXinyou.Deep electric characteristics and nappe structure of Altun Mountain slope[J].Scientia Geaologica Sinica,1992,27(4):317-324.
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