沁水盆地和顺区块基于地震多属性分析的煤层含气量预测
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摘要
煤层含气量是煤层气勘探选区评价和开发部署必不可少的重要资料。煤层含气量及其平面分布特征的准确预测对煤层气勘探新区更加至关重要。通过地震、测井和测试数据的综合分析,验证并优选出了与煤层含气量相关程度高的地震属性。消除埋深影响的地震吸收衰减属性与含气量呈明显正相关性;构造(正)曲率与含气量呈负相关性;密度属性与含气量呈明显负相关性。地震AVO分析给出的碳氢指数(P×G)属性和拟泊松比属性与煤层气富集程度相关性较好,可以作为煤层含气量预测的重要参数。针对沁水盆地北部和顺区块,基于地震多属性分析的思路,建立了井点处地震属性和地质参数与实测含气量之间的多元线性回归方程。将该方程应用于非井点处的地震叠前反演属性数据体,实现了研究区太原组15号煤层含气量的定量预测。
Gas content is the essential data for coalbed methane(CBM)areas selection and evaluation as well as development deployment.Accurate prediction of gas content and its distribution is even crucial for new exploration areas of CBM.On the comprehensive analysis of seismic data,logging and test data,seismic attributes highly related with the gas content of coalbed methane are verified and preferred.Seismic wave absorption attenuation attributes,eliminating the influence of buried depth,have significantly positive correlation with gas content.Tectonic(positive)curvature shows negative correlation with gas content.Density attribute has significantly negative correlation with gas content.The correlations of hydrocarbon index(P×G)provided by seismic AVO analysis and pseudo Poisson's ratio with the enrichment of coalbed methane are fairly good,which can be used to predict gas content.In the way of the seismic multi-attributes analysis,multiple linear regression equations among seismic attributes,geological parametres and gas contents measured from CBM wells are established for Heshun Block in northern Qinshui Basin.The equation is applied to seismic prestack inversion attributes volume in the area,to the exclusion of CBM wells,and gas content of 15 th coalseam in Taiyuan group of this area is quantitatively predicted.
Gas content is the essential data for coalbed methane(CBM)areas selection and evaluation as well as development deployment.Accurate prediction of gas content and its distribution is even crucial for new exploration areas of CBM.On the comprehensive analysis of seismic data,logging and test data,seismic attributes highly related with the gas content of coalbed methane are verified and preferred.Seismic wave absorption attenuation attributes,eliminating the influence of buried depth,have significantly positive correlation with gas content.Tectonic(positive)curvature shows negative correlation with gas content.Density attribute has significantly negative correlation with gas content.The correlations of hydrocarbon index(P×G)provided by seismic AVO analysis and pseudo Poisson's ratio with the enrichment of coalbed methane are fairly good,which can be used to predict gas content.In the way of the seismic multi-attributes analysis,multiple linear regression equations among seismic attributes,geological parametres and gas contents measured from CBM wells are established for Heshun Block in northern Qinshui Basin.The equation is applied to seismic prestack inversion attributes volume in the area,to the exclusion of CBM wells,and gas content of 15 th coalseam in Taiyuan group of this area is quantitatively predicted.
引文
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[17]Shen J,Qin Y,Fu X,et al.Application of structural curvature of coalbed floor on CBM development in the Zaoyuan block of the southern Qinshui Basin[J].Mining Science and Technology(China),2010,20(6):886-890
[18]Chen X P,Huo Q,Lin J,et al.Theory of CBM AVO:I.Characteristics of anomaly and why it is so[J].Geophysics,2014,79(2):55-65
[19]Shuey R T.A simplification of the Zoeppritz equations[J].Geophysics,1985,50(4):609-614
[2]Fu X,Qin Y,Wang G G X,et al.Evaluation of gas content of coalbed methane reservoirs with the aid of geophysical logging technology[J].Fuel,2009,88(11):2269-2277
[3]Eddy G E,Rightmire C T,Byrer C W.Relationship of methane content of coal rank and depth:theoretical vs.observed[C]∥SPE Unconventional Gas Recovery Symposium.Pittsburgh,Pennsylvania:Society of Petroleum Engineers,1982:117-123
[4]Diamond W P,Schatzel S J.Measuring the gas content of coal:a review[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,1998,35(1):311-331
[5]彭苏萍,高云峰,杨瑞召,等.AVO探测煤层瓦斯富集的理论探讨和初步实践——以淮南煤田为例[J].地球物理学报,2005,48(6):1475-1486Peng S P,Gao Y F,Yang R Z,et al.Theory and application of AVO for detection of coalbed methane-a case from the Huainan coalfield[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2005,48(6):1475-1486
[6]孙斌,杨敏芳,孙霞,等.基于地震AVO属性的煤层气富集区预测[J].天然气工业,2010,30(6):15-18Sun B,Yang M F,Sun X,et al.Coalbed methane enrichment area prediction based on seismic AVO attributes[J].Natural Gas Industry,2010,30(6):15-18
[7]Zhang T,Sun P,Qian Z,et al.AVO research on coalbed methane reservoirs in east Erdos Basin[C]∥International Petroleum Technology Conference.Beijing:Society of Petroleum Engineers,2013:1-11
[8]Shuck E L,Davis T L,Benson R D.Multicomponent3-D characterization of a coalbed methane reservoir[J].Geophysics,1996,61(2):315-330
[9]Marroqun I D,Hart B S.Seismic attribute-based characterization of coalbed methane reservoirs:an example from the fruitland formation,San Juan basin,New Mexico[J].AAPG Bulletin,2004,88(11):1603-1621
[10]孟贵希,贺小黑,赵景辉,等.和顺区块15#煤层含气量分布特征及其控制因素研究[J].中国煤层气,2013,10(1):6-9Meng G X,He X H,Zhao J H,et al.Distribution characteristics and control factors of gas content of No.15coal seam in Heshun block[J].China Coalbed Methane,2013,10(1):6-9
[11]龙胜祥,陈纯芳,李辛子,等.中国石化煤层气资源发展前景[J].石油与天然气地质,2011,32(3):481-488Long S X,Chen C F,Li X Z,et al.SINOPEC's coalbed methane development potential[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2011,32(3):481-488
[12]Su X,Lin X,Zhao M,et al.The upper Paleozoic coalbed methane system in the Qinshui basin,China[J].AAPG Bulletin,2005,89(1):81-100
[13]Spencer T W,Edwards C M,Sonnad J R.Seismic wave attenuation in nonresolvable cyclic stratification[J].Geophysics,1977,42(5):939-949
[14]Johnston D H,Toksz M N,Timur A.Attenuation of seismic waves in dry and saturated rocks:II.Mechanisms[J].Geophysics,1979,44(4):691-711
[15]辛可峰,李振春,王永刚,等.地层等效吸收系数反演[J].石油物探,2001,40(4):14-20Xin K F,Li Z C,Wang Y G,et al.Formation equivalent absorption coefficient inversion[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2001,40(4):14-20
[16]刘升贵,安里千,薛茹,等.运用高斯曲率法预测煤层天然裂隙发育区[J].中国矿业大学学报,2004,33(5):573-577Liu S G,An L Q,Xue R,et al.Application of Gaussian curvature method in forecasting natural fracture zones in coal seam[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2004,33(5):573-577
[17]Shen J,Qin Y,Fu X,et al.Application of structural curvature of coalbed floor on CBM development in the Zaoyuan block of the southern Qinshui Basin[J].Mining Science and Technology(China),2010,20(6):886-890
[18]Chen X P,Huo Q,Lin J,et al.Theory of CBM AVO:I.Characteristics of anomaly and why it is so[J].Geophysics,2014,79(2):55-65
[19]Shuey R T.A simplification of the Zoeppritz equations[J].Geophysics,1985,50(4):609-614
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