云南壳幔S波速度结构与强震的构造背景
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摘要
本文选取云南及周边65个台站记录到的47个地震事件,利用相匹配滤波技术分离出了基阶Rayleigh面波信号.选取与震中处于同一大圆弧上的两个台站,利用双台格林函数法获取了台间相速度频散,频散的周期范围在10～80 s之间.从2000个波形记录中提取了152个台站对之间的相速度频散,最后,利用台间的相速度频散反演得到云南地区0～200km深度范围内的S波速度结构.结果表明:云南地区地壳厚度整体上呈南北向变化趋势,从南部的30 km变化到北部的60 km.在局部地区Moho面呈现出隆起和凹陷,基本上呈"一隆两凹"的特征.另外,滇西地区大致以红河断裂为界,其两侧的岩石圈结构存在明显的差异.西侧从70 km深处开始,滇缅泰块体上的保山、畹町、沧源、思茅一带大范围内均为低速区,并且一直延伸到120 km深处.而红河断裂东侧的滇中块体,只有在康滇古隆起区存在上地幔低速区,其余大部分地区上地幔S波速度在4.4～4.6 km/s之间.
The technique of phase-matched filter is applied to extract the fundamental Rayleigh surface waves from 47 seismic events recorded by 65 digital seismic stations,which are deployed in Yunnan and its adjacent region.The phase velocity dispersion between two stations that are located on the same great circle with the epicenter,in the period range of 10～80 s,is computed by the inter-station Green s function.We extract the phase velocity dispersion within 152 pairs of stations from 2000 waveforms,and then invert it for the S-wave velocity structure in a depth of 0～200 km.The result shows that the overall variation of the crust thickness beneath Yunnan has a south-north trend,increasing gradually from 30 km in the south to 60 km in the north.The Moho shows uplift and depression locally,and is basically featured with one uplift and two depressions.Additionally,the lithosphere structures are significantly different across the Redriver fault in western Yunnan.Beneath the Baoshan,Wanding,Cangyuan,and Simao areas that are geologically located in the Yunnan-Myanmar-Thailand block,there are low-velocity areas from depth 70 km to 120 km on the west side of Red-river fault.In contrast,in the Central-Yunnan block that is located on the east side of the fault,the low-velocity zone in upper mantle only exists beneath the Kangdian palaeo-uplift,and the S-wave velocity in upper mantle varies between 4.4 to 4.6 km/s beneath most areas.
The technique of phase-matched filter is applied to extract the fundamental Rayleigh surface waves from 47 seismic events recorded by 65 digital seismic stations,which are deployed in Yunnan and its adjacent region.The phase velocity dispersion between two stations that are located on the same great circle with the epicenter,in the period range of 10～80 s,is computed by the inter-station Green s function.We extract the phase velocity dispersion within 152 pairs of stations from 2000 waveforms,and then invert it for the S-wave velocity structure in a depth of 0～200 km.The result shows that the overall variation of the crust thickness beneath Yunnan has a south-north trend,increasing gradually from 30 km in the south to 60 km in the north.The Moho shows uplift and depression locally,and is basically featured with one uplift and two depressions.Additionally,the lithosphere structures are significantly different across the Redriver fault in western Yunnan.Beneath the Baoshan,Wanding,Cangyuan,and Simao areas that are geologically located in the Yunnan-Myanmar-Thailand block,there are low-velocity areas from depth 70 km to 120 km on the west side of Red-river fault.In contrast,in the Central-Yunnan block that is located on the east side of the fault,the low-velocity zone in upper mantle only exists beneath the Kangdian palaeo-uplift,and the S-wave velocity in upper mantle varies between 4.4 to 4.6 km/s beneath most areas.
引文
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[2] 张中杰,滕吉文,李英康等.藏南地壳结构与地壳物质东西向“逃逸”.中国科学(D辑).2002,32(10) :793～798 Zhang Z J,Teng J W,Li Y K,et al.Crustal structure of seismic velocity in the southern Tibet and east westward escape of the crustal material.Science in China (Series D)(in Chinese) ,2002,32(10) :793～798
[3] 张中杰,李英康,王光杰等.藏北地壳东西向结构与“下凹”莫霍面.中国科学(D辑),2001,31(11) :881～888 Zhang Z J,Li Y K,Wang G J,et al.East-west crustal structure and “down bowing” Moho under the northern Tibet revealed by wide angle seismic profile.Science in China (SeriesD) (in Chinese),2001,31(11) :881～888
[4] 钟大赉,丁林,刘福田等.造山带岩石层多向层层架构造及其对新生代岩浆活动制约--以三江及邻区为例.中国科学(D辑),2000,30(增刊):1～8 Zhong D L,Ding L,Liu FT,et al.Multi-oriented and layered structures of lithosphere in orgenic belt and their effects on Cenozoic magmatism,a case study of western Yunnan and Sichuan.Science in China (Series D) (in Chinese),2000,43(Suppl.) :122-133
[5] 胡鸿翔,陆涵行,王椿镛等.滇西地区地壳结构的爆破地震研究.地球物理学报,1 986,29(2) :133～144 Hu H X, Lu H X, Wang C Y, et al.Exploration investigatiion 0f the crustal structure in western Yunnan province.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),1986,29(2) :133～144
[6] 阚荣举,林中洋.云南地壳上地幔构造的初步研究.中国地震,1986,2(4) :50～61 Kan R J,Iin Z Y.A preliminary study on crustal and upper mantle structures in Yunnan.Earthquake Research in China(in Chinese),1986,2(4) :50～61
[7] 陈培善,刘福田,李强等.云南地区速度结构的横向不均匀性.中国科学(B辑),1990,20(4) :431～438 Chen P S,Liu F T,Li Q,et al.The lateral inhomogeneity of velocity structure in Yunnan region.Science in China (Series B) (in Chinese),1990,20(4) :431～438
[8] 林中洋,胡鸿翔,张文彬等.滇西地区地壳上地幔速度结构特征的研究.地震学报,1993,15(4) :427～440 Lin Z Y,Hu H X,Zhang W B,et al.A study on velocity structure of the crustal and upper mantle in Dianxi region.ActaSeismologica Sinica (in Chinese),1993,15(4) :427～440
[9] 熊绍柏,郑晔,尹周勋等.丽江一攀枝花一者海地带二维地壳结构及其构造意义.地球物理学报,1 993,36(4) :435～444 Xiong S B,Zheng Y,Yin Z X,et al.The 2-D structure andits tectonic implications of the crust in the Lijiang-PanzhihuaZhehai region.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),1993,36(4) :435～444
[10] 孙洁,徐常芳,江钊等.滇西地区地壳上地幔电性结构与地壳构造运动的关系.地震地质,1989,11(1) :35～45 Sun J,Xu C F,Jiang Z,et al.The electrical structure of the crust and upper mantle in the west part of Yunnan Province and its relation to crustal tectonics.Seismology and Geology (in Chinese),1989,11(1) :35～45
[11] 刘瑞丰,陈培善,李强等.云南及其邻近地区三维速度图像.地震学报,1993,15(1) :61～67 Liu R F,Chen P S,Li Q,et al.Three dimensional velocity pictures in Yunnan and the surrounding regions.Acta Seismologgica Sinica (in Chinese),1993,15(1) :61～67
[12] 刘建华,刘福田,吴华等.中国南北带地壳和上地幔的三维速度成像.地球物理学报,1989,32(2) :143～151 Liu J H,Liu F T,Wu H,et al.Three dimensional velocity images of the crust and upper mantle beneath North-South Zone in China.ChineseJ.Geophys.(in Chinese),1989,32(2) :143～151
[13] 王椿镛,王溪莉,颜其中.昆明地震台网下方的三维速度结 构.地震学报,1994,16(2) :167～175 Wang C Y,Wang X L,Yan Q Z.Three dimensional velocity structure beneath Kunming seismic network.Acta Seismologica Sinica (in Chinese),1994,16(2) :167～175
[14] 秦嘉政,皇甫岗,李强等.腾冲火山及邻区速度结构的三维层析成像.地震研究,2000,23(2) :157～163 Qin J Z,Huang P G,Li Q,et al.3-D chromatography of velocity structure in Tengchong volcano areas and nearby.Seismological Research (in Chinese),2000,23(2) :157～163
[15] 王椿镛,W.D.Mooney,王溪莉等.川滇地区地壳上地幔三维速度结构研究.地震学报,2002,24(1) :1～16 WangCY,W.D.Mooney,WangXL,et a1． Study on3 D velocity structure of crust and upper mantle in SichuanYunnan region,China.Acta Seismologica Sinica (in Chinese),2002,24(1) :1～16
[16] 马宏生,张国民,闻学泽等.川滇地区三维P波速度结构反演与构造分析.地球科学-中国地质大学学报,2008,33(5) :591～602 Ma H S,ZhangG M,Wen X Z,et al.3 D P wave velocity structure tomographic inversion and its tectonic interpretation in Southwest China.Earth Science Journal of China University of Geosciences (in Chinese),2008,33(5) :591～602
[17] 吴建平,明跃红,王椿镛.云南数字地震台站下方的S波速度结构研究.地球物理学报,2001,44(2) :228～237 Wu J P,Ming Y H,Wang C Y.The S wave velocity structure beneath digital seismic stations of Yunnan province inferred from teleseismic receiver function modeling.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2001,44(2) :228～237
[18] 胡家富,苏有锦,朱雄关等.云南的地壳S波速度与泊松比结构及其意义.中国科学(D辑),2003,33(8) :714～722 Hu J F,Su Y J,Zhu X G,et al.S-wave velocity of the crust and the structure of Possion ratio in Yunnan and meanings.Science in China (Series D) (in Chinese),2003,33(8) :714～722
[19] 贺传松,王椿镛,吴建平.用远震接受函数研究滇西地区的深部结构.地震学报,2004,26(3) :238～246 He C S,Wang C Y,Wu J P.A study on deep structure using teleseismic receiver function in western Yunnan.Acta Seismologica Sinica (in Chinese),2004,26(3) :238～246
[20] 何正勤,苏伟,叶太兰.云南地区的短周期面波相速度层析成像研究.地震学报,2004,11,26(6) :583～590 He Z Q,Su W,Ye T L.Seismic tomography of Yunnan region using short period surface wave phase velocity.Acta Seismologica Sinica (in Chinese),2004,26(6) :583～590
[21] 何正勤,叶太兰,苏伟.云南地区地壳中上部横波速度结构研究.地球物理学报,2004,47(5) :839～844 He Z Q,Ye T L,Su W.S-wave velocity structure of the middle and upper crust in the Yunnan region.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2004,47(5) :839～844
[22] 张智,陈赟,李飞.利用地震面波频散重建川滇地区壳幔S波速度.地球物理学报,2008,51(4) :1114～1122 Zhang Z,Chen Y,Li F.Reconstruction of the S-wave velocity structure of crust and mantle from seismic surface wave dispersion in Sichuan-Yunnan Region.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2008,51(4) :1114～1122
[23] Ammon C J,Randall G E,Zandt G.On the non-uniqueness of receiver function inversions.J.Geophys.Res.,1995,95 (B10) :15303~15318
[24] Chen Y,BadalJ,HuJ.Love and Rayleigh wave tomography of Qinghai-Tibet plateau and surrounding areas.Pure and App.Geophys.,2010,167:1171～1203
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