汶川地震救援人员创伤后应激障碍状况调查
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摘要
目的调查汶川地震救援人员创伤后应激障碍(post-traumatic stress disorder,PTSD)状况,为救援人员心理应激的防治提供依据。方法采用随机抽样的方式对17 132名救援人员进行心理应激相关量表调查。结果 1汶川地震救援人员PTSD的发生率高于常模,震后2年救援人员PTSD发病率下降;2救援人员震后PTSD早期症状突出表现为再体验,后期主要表现为强烈的心理痛苦烦恼、回避或麻木和警觉性增高的症状。结论 PTSD影响救援人员心理健康,需及时进行有效的团体和个体心理干预。
Objective To provide evidence for prevention and treatment of mental stress by investigating incidence of post-traumatic stress disorder( PTSD) in rescue servicemen after Wenchuan earthquake. Methods Myriad seventeen thousand one hundred and thirty-two rescue servicemen that were chosen by the random sampling method were investigated by the questionnaires of mental stress. Results 1 The incidence of PTSD in rescue servicemen is higher than that from norms and decreased in 2 years after rescue. 2Early symptom of PTSD is re-experience,and late symptoms of PTSD include psychological distress,avoidance reaction,and arousal. Conclusion PTSD affects mental health of rescue servicemen. It need timely group and individual psychological intervention.
Objective To provide evidence for prevention and treatment of mental stress by investigating incidence of post-traumatic stress disorder( PTSD) in rescue servicemen after Wenchuan earthquake. Methods Myriad seventeen thousand one hundred and thirty-two rescue servicemen that were chosen by the random sampling method were investigated by the questionnaires of mental stress. Results 1 The incidence of PTSD in rescue servicemen is higher than that from norms and decreased in 2 years after rescue. 2Early symptom of PTSD is re-experience,and late symptoms of PTSD include psychological distress,avoidance reaction,and arousal. Conclusion PTSD affects mental health of rescue servicemen. It need timely group and individual psychological intervention.
引文
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[5]Dobie DJ,Kivlahan DR,Maynard C,et al.Screening for post-traumatic stress disorder in female Veteran's Affairs patients:validation of the PTSD checklist[J].Gen Hosp Psychiatry,2002,24(6):367-374.
[6]Mc Carthy S.Post-traumatic stress diagnostic scale(PDS)[J].Occup Med(Lond),2008,58(5):379.
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[8]齐建林,段丽娜,郭琳,等.汶川地震男性救援者创伤后应激障碍危险因素研究[J].中国健康心理学杂志,2010,18(11):1316-1318.
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[11]贾艳艳,牛晟,杨君,等.汶川地震救援官兵睡眠质量与睡眠自适应的关系研究[J].现代生物医学进展,2012,12(13):2552-2556.
[12]齐建林,郭琳,周晓梅,等.汶川地震后3个月和6个月男性救援者创伤后应激障碍比较研究[J].中国健康心理学杂志,2011,19(6):670-672.
[13]董燕,齐建林,杨征,等.四川汶川地震男性救援者创伤后应激障碍患病情况调查[J].人民军医,2010,53(11):825-827.
[14]王焕林,崔庶,陈继军,等.中国军人心理创伤后应激障碍的流行学调查[J].中华精神科杂志,1996,29(2):69-72.
[15]张佳佳,冯国君,郭禹,等.某部队汶川地震救援军人创伤后应激障碍追踪研究[J].第三军医大学学报,2010,32(21):2326-2328.
[16]Perrin MA,Di Grande L,Wheeler K,et al.Differences in PTSD prevalence and associated risk factors among World Trade Center disaster rescue and recovery workers[J].Am J Psychiatry,2007,164(9):1385-1394.
[17]Epstein RS,Fullerton CS,Ursano RJ.Posttraumatic stress disorder following an air disaster:a prospective study[J].Am J Psychiatry,1998,155(7):934-938.
[18]Guo YJ,Chen CH,Lu ML,et al.Posttraumatic stress disorder among professional and non-professional rescuers involved in an earthquake in Taiwan[J].Psychiatry Res,2004,127(1/2):35-41.
[19]Cetin M,Kose S,Ebrinc S,et al.Identification and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms in rescue workers in the Marmara,Turkey,earthquake[J].J Trauma Stress,2005,18(5):485-489.
[20]惠武利,施旺红,徐德忠,等.烟台海难援救军人PTSD发生的影响因素分析[J].中国心理卫生杂志,2001,15(3):148-149.
[21]张月平,朱霞,苗丹民,等.汶川地震救援人员一年后的焦虑状况及其影响因素[J].解放军护理杂志,2010,27(7A):972-975.
[22]朱海涛,张佳佳,李敏,等.汶川地震后1.5年空降兵救援部队创伤后应激障碍状况及影响因素分析[J].中华创伤杂志,2011,27(7):627-630.
[23]胡光涛,李学成,王国威,等.赴北川抗震救灾某部官兵急性心理应激障碍及影响因素调查[J].第三军医大学学报,2009,31(15):1491-1494.
[24]李敏,李培培,张丽丽,等.汶川地震救援武警消防官兵心理健康状况及影响因素[J].中华行为医学与脑科学杂志,2009,18(3):196-198.
[25]张佳佳,韩爱华,李敏,等.救援军人心理弹性状况及影响因素的研究[J].中华行为医学与脑科学杂志,2011,20(1):53-55.
[2]汪向东,王希林,马弘,等.心理卫生评定量表手册[J].中国心理卫生杂志,1999,增刊:122,127-131.
[3]汪向东,王希林,马弘,等.心理卫生量表评定手册[J].中国心理卫生杂志,1993,增刊:194-197.
[4]汪向东,王希林,马弘,等.心理卫生量表评定手册[J].中国心理卫生杂志,1993,增刊:235-238.
[5]Dobie DJ,Kivlahan DR,Maynard C,et al.Screening for post-traumatic stress disorder in female Veteran's Affairs patients:validation of the PTSD checklist[J].Gen Hosp Psychiatry,2002,24(6):367-374.
[6]Mc Carthy S.Post-traumatic stress diagnostic scale(PDS)[J].Occup Med(Lond),2008,58(5):379.
[7]李权超,何英强,申国祥,等.我军军人心理应激自评问卷的编制[J].解放军预防医学杂志,2003,21(4):256-258.
[8]齐建林,段丽娜,郭琳,等.汶川地震男性救援者创伤后应激障碍危险因素研究[J].中国健康心理学杂志,2010,18(11):1316-1318.
[9]刘贤臣,唐茂芹,胡蕾,等.匹兹堡睡眠质量指数的信度和效度研究[J].中华精神科杂志,1996,29(2):103-107.
[10]崔红,胡军生.军人睡眠自适应量表的编制[J].中国临床心理学杂志,2011,19(1):31-34.
[11]贾艳艳,牛晟,杨君,等.汶川地震救援官兵睡眠质量与睡眠自适应的关系研究[J].现代生物医学进展,2012,12(13):2552-2556.
[12]齐建林,郭琳,周晓梅,等.汶川地震后3个月和6个月男性救援者创伤后应激障碍比较研究[J].中国健康心理学杂志,2011,19(6):670-672.
[13]董燕,齐建林,杨征,等.四川汶川地震男性救援者创伤后应激障碍患病情况调查[J].人民军医,2010,53(11):825-827.
[14]王焕林,崔庶,陈继军,等.中国军人心理创伤后应激障碍的流行学调查[J].中华精神科杂志,1996,29(2):69-72.
[15]张佳佳,冯国君,郭禹,等.某部队汶川地震救援军人创伤后应激障碍追踪研究[J].第三军医大学学报,2010,32(21):2326-2328.
[16]Perrin MA,Di Grande L,Wheeler K,et al.Differences in PTSD prevalence and associated risk factors among World Trade Center disaster rescue and recovery workers[J].Am J Psychiatry,2007,164(9):1385-1394.
[17]Epstein RS,Fullerton CS,Ursano RJ.Posttraumatic stress disorder following an air disaster:a prospective study[J].Am J Psychiatry,1998,155(7):934-938.
[18]Guo YJ,Chen CH,Lu ML,et al.Posttraumatic stress disorder among professional and non-professional rescuers involved in an earthquake in Taiwan[J].Psychiatry Res,2004,127(1/2):35-41.
[19]Cetin M,Kose S,Ebrinc S,et al.Identification and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms in rescue workers in the Marmara,Turkey,earthquake[J].J Trauma Stress,2005,18(5):485-489.
[20]惠武利,施旺红,徐德忠,等.烟台海难援救军人PTSD发生的影响因素分析[J].中国心理卫生杂志,2001,15(3):148-149.
[21]张月平,朱霞,苗丹民,等.汶川地震救援人员一年后的焦虑状况及其影响因素[J].解放军护理杂志,2010,27(7A):972-975.
[22]朱海涛,张佳佳,李敏,等.汶川地震后1.5年空降兵救援部队创伤后应激障碍状况及影响因素分析[J].中华创伤杂志,2011,27(7):627-630.
[23]胡光涛,李学成,王国威,等.赴北川抗震救灾某部官兵急性心理应激障碍及影响因素调查[J].第三军医大学学报,2009,31(15):1491-1494.
[24]李敏,李培培,张丽丽,等.汶川地震救援武警消防官兵心理健康状况及影响因素[J].中华行为医学与脑科学杂志,2009,18(3):196-198.
[25]张佳佳,韩爱华,李敏,等.救援军人心理弹性状况及影响因素的研究[J].中华行为医学与脑科学杂志,2011,20(1):53-55.
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