首例油阻尼器破坏对结构设计的经验教训——日本3·11地震的启示
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摘要
日本3·11震后调查发现一栋消能减震钢结构上的油阻尼器发生了严重的损伤和破坏,表明消能构件在极端荷载作用下是可能受损、甚至完全失效的。明确提出了在设计概念上,消能构件是提高结构抗震能力的附属设备,是可消耗的、可替换的,应重视消能减震结构的抗震概念设计。总结了消能减震结构基于性能的设计方法还有许多问题需进一步解决和完善。
Oil dampers of a steel building in Sendai City were seriously damaged by the Great East Japan Earthquake in 2011. This event showed the dampers have their own limit states under extreme loading condition,which hasn't been investigated fully and thoroughly. This paper indicates that the energy dissipation devices are additional components for improving the seismic capacity of the main frame,and these devices are disposable and replaceable when degraded or damaged. The seismic design concept of passively-controlled structures should be studied and valued during the initial design stage. In the near future,more efforts needs to be spent in investagating the performance-based theory of passively-controlled structures.
Oil dampers of a steel building in Sendai City were seriously damaged by the Great East Japan Earthquake in 2011. This event showed the dampers have their own limit states under extreme loading condition,which hasn't been investigated fully and thoroughly. This paper indicates that the energy dissipation devices are additional components for improving the seismic capacity of the main frame,and these devices are disposable and replaceable when degraded or damaged. The seismic design concept of passively-controlled structures should be studied and valued during the initial design stage. In the near future,more efforts needs to be spent in investagating the performance-based theory of passively-controlled structures.
引文
[1]JSSI.Report of response-controlled buildings[R].Japan Society of Seismic Isolation(JSSI)Investigation Committee,Tokyo,2012.
[2]中华人民共和国住房和城乡建设部.GB 50011—2010建筑抗震设计规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2010.Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People’s Republic of China.GB 50011—2010Code for seismic design of buildings[S].Beijing:China Architecture and Building Press,2010.(in Chinese)
[3]中华人民共和国住房和城乡建设部.JGJ 297—2013建筑消能减震技术规程[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2013.Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People’s Republic of China.JGJ 297—2013Technical specification for seismic energy dissipation of building[S].Beijing:China Architecture and Building Press,2013.(in Chinese)
[4]Cao M,Tang H,Funaki N,et al.Study on a real 8F steel building with oil damper damaged during the2011 Great East Japan Earthquak[C].15th World Conference on Earthquche Engineering,Lisbon,Portugal,2012.
[5]Funaki N,Kang J,Kawamata S.Vibration response of a three-storied full-scale test building passively controlled by liquid dampers sealed by viscoelastic material[C].16th International Conferece on Structural Mechanics in Reactor Technology,Washington DC,USA,2001.
[6]Kawamata S,Funaki N,Itoh Y.Passive control of building frames by means of liquid dampers sealed by viscoelastic material[C].12th World Conference on Earthquae Engineering,Auckland,New Zealand,2000.
[7]Xie L,Cao M,Funaki N,et al.Performance study of an eight-story steel building equipped with oil dampers damaged during the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake.part 1:structural identification and damage reasoning[J].Journal of Asian Architecture and Building Engineering,2015,14(1):181-188.
[8]王亚勇.汶川地震震害启示:抗震概念设计问题[C].2008年汶川地震建筑震害分析与重建研讨会论文集,北京,2008:51-58.Wang Yayong.Wenchuan Earthquake:problems of the seismic concept design[C].Seminar on Structural Damage Analysis and Post-disaster Reconstruction of2008 Wenchuan Earthquake,Beijing,2008:51-58.(in Chinese)
[9]赵真,谢礼立.从欧洲抗震设计规范的一般规定浅谈结构抗震概念设计的重要性[J].地震工程与工程振动,2011,31(5):190-195.Zhao Zhen,Xie Lili.A brief discussion on importance of seismic concept design of structures based on general rules of Eurocode 8[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2011,31(5):190-195.(in Chinese)
[10]李钢,李宏男.基于位移的消能减震结构抗震设计方法[J].工程力学,2007,24(9):88-94.Li Gang,Li Hongnan.Direct displacement-based design for buildings with passive energy dissipation devices[J].Engineering Mechanics,2007,24(9):88-94.(in Chinese)
[11]Whittaker A S,Aiken I D,Bergman D,et al.Code requirements for the design and implementation of passive energy dissipation systems[C].Proceeding of ACT 17-1 Seminar on Seismic Isolation,Passive Energy Dissipation and Active Control,Redwood City,USA,1993,2:497-508.
[12]Kircher C A.Seismic regulations for passive structural control systems-overview of United States codes[C].2nd World Conference on Structural Control,Chichester,UK,1999.
[13]FEMA.NEHRP Recommended provision for seismic regulations for new buildings and other structures[S].Washington DC:Federal Emergency Management Agency,2003.
[14]Lin Y Y,Tsai M H,Hwang J S,et al.Direct displacement-based design for building with passive energy dissipation systems[J].Engineering Structures,2003,25(1):25-37.
[15]刘鹏飞,刘伟庆,王曙光,等.基于位移的减震结构设计方法研究[J].世界地震工程,2009,25(1):43-47.Liu Pengfei,Liu Weiqing,Wang Shuguang,et al.Study on displacement-based design method for energy dissipation structures[J].World Earthquake Engineering,2009,25(1):43-47.(in Chinese)
[16]丁春花,周云,邓雪松,等.耗能减震加固结构的性能水准与设防目标[J].工程抗震与加固改造,2004(6):35-40.Ding Chunhua,Zhou Yun,Deng Xuesong,et al.Performance levels and fortification objects of seismic retrofitting of structure with dissipators[J].Earthquake Resistant Engineering and Retrofitting,2004(6):35-40.(in Chinese)
[17]邓雪松,汤统壁,周云,等.耗能减震钢结构性能水准与目标的初步研究[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2008,28(1):104-109.Deng Xuesong,Tang Tongbi,Zhou Yun,et al.Preliminary research of performance levels and objectives for steel structure with energy dissipated dampers[J].Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering,2008,28(1):104-109.(in Chinese)
[18]谢丽宇,唐和生,薛松涛.减振高层建筑的极限破坏及性能再生的研究现状及前景[J].结构工程师,2014,30(3):205-212.Xie Liyu,Tang Hesheng,Xue Songtao.State-of-the-art and future trend in limit state and rehabilitation of vibration-controlled high-rise buildings[J].Structural Engineers,2014,30(3):205-212.(in Chinese)
[2]中华人民共和国住房和城乡建设部.GB 50011—2010建筑抗震设计规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2010.Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People’s Republic of China.GB 50011—2010Code for seismic design of buildings[S].Beijing:China Architecture and Building Press,2010.(in Chinese)
[3]中华人民共和国住房和城乡建设部.JGJ 297—2013建筑消能减震技术规程[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2013.Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People’s Republic of China.JGJ 297—2013Technical specification for seismic energy dissipation of building[S].Beijing:China Architecture and Building Press,2013.(in Chinese)
[4]Cao M,Tang H,Funaki N,et al.Study on a real 8F steel building with oil damper damaged during the2011 Great East Japan Earthquak[C].15th World Conference on Earthquche Engineering,Lisbon,Portugal,2012.
[5]Funaki N,Kang J,Kawamata S.Vibration response of a three-storied full-scale test building passively controlled by liquid dampers sealed by viscoelastic material[C].16th International Conferece on Structural Mechanics in Reactor Technology,Washington DC,USA,2001.
[6]Kawamata S,Funaki N,Itoh Y.Passive control of building frames by means of liquid dampers sealed by viscoelastic material[C].12th World Conference on Earthquae Engineering,Auckland,New Zealand,2000.
[7]Xie L,Cao M,Funaki N,et al.Performance study of an eight-story steel building equipped with oil dampers damaged during the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake.part 1:structural identification and damage reasoning[J].Journal of Asian Architecture and Building Engineering,2015,14(1):181-188.
[8]王亚勇.汶川地震震害启示:抗震概念设计问题[C].2008年汶川地震建筑震害分析与重建研讨会论文集,北京,2008:51-58.Wang Yayong.Wenchuan Earthquake:problems of the seismic concept design[C].Seminar on Structural Damage Analysis and Post-disaster Reconstruction of2008 Wenchuan Earthquake,Beijing,2008:51-58.(in Chinese)
[9]赵真,谢礼立.从欧洲抗震设计规范的一般规定浅谈结构抗震概念设计的重要性[J].地震工程与工程振动,2011,31(5):190-195.Zhao Zhen,Xie Lili.A brief discussion on importance of seismic concept design of structures based on general rules of Eurocode 8[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2011,31(5):190-195.(in Chinese)
[10]李钢,李宏男.基于位移的消能减震结构抗震设计方法[J].工程力学,2007,24(9):88-94.Li Gang,Li Hongnan.Direct displacement-based design for buildings with passive energy dissipation devices[J].Engineering Mechanics,2007,24(9):88-94.(in Chinese)
[11]Whittaker A S,Aiken I D,Bergman D,et al.Code requirements for the design and implementation of passive energy dissipation systems[C].Proceeding of ACT 17-1 Seminar on Seismic Isolation,Passive Energy Dissipation and Active Control,Redwood City,USA,1993,2:497-508.
[12]Kircher C A.Seismic regulations for passive structural control systems-overview of United States codes[C].2nd World Conference on Structural Control,Chichester,UK,1999.
[13]FEMA.NEHRP Recommended provision for seismic regulations for new buildings and other structures[S].Washington DC:Federal Emergency Management Agency,2003.
[14]Lin Y Y,Tsai M H,Hwang J S,et al.Direct displacement-based design for building with passive energy dissipation systems[J].Engineering Structures,2003,25(1):25-37.
[15]刘鹏飞,刘伟庆,王曙光,等.基于位移的减震结构设计方法研究[J].世界地震工程,2009,25(1):43-47.Liu Pengfei,Liu Weiqing,Wang Shuguang,et al.Study on displacement-based design method for energy dissipation structures[J].World Earthquake Engineering,2009,25(1):43-47.(in Chinese)
[16]丁春花,周云,邓雪松,等.耗能减震加固结构的性能水准与设防目标[J].工程抗震与加固改造,2004(6):35-40.Ding Chunhua,Zhou Yun,Deng Xuesong,et al.Performance levels and fortification objects of seismic retrofitting of structure with dissipators[J].Earthquake Resistant Engineering and Retrofitting,2004(6):35-40.(in Chinese)
[17]邓雪松,汤统壁,周云,等.耗能减震钢结构性能水准与目标的初步研究[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2008,28(1):104-109.Deng Xuesong,Tang Tongbi,Zhou Yun,et al.Preliminary research of performance levels and objectives for steel structure with energy dissipated dampers[J].Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering,2008,28(1):104-109.(in Chinese)
[18]谢丽宇,唐和生,薛松涛.减振高层建筑的极限破坏及性能再生的研究现状及前景[J].结构工程师,2014,30(3):205-212.Xie Liyu,Tang Hesheng,Xue Songtao.State-of-the-art and future trend in limit state and rehabilitation of vibration-controlled high-rise buildings[J].Structural Engineers,2014,30(3):205-212.(in Chinese)
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