跨孔阻尼比测试的原理与方法及其在核电厂地基测试中的应用
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摘要
本文概括了岩土体阻尼比测试的各类方法,重点说明了跨孔阻尼比测试的测试原理与方法,结合核电厂岩土工程勘察工程实践,提出了具体的跨孔阻尼比测试技术要求。工程应用与分析表明,跨孔阻尼比测试为破碎岩体及强风化岩体阻尼比的测试提供了一种行之有效的测试方法,可以测定地基小应变情况下的材料阻尼比,在核电厂地基岩土工程勘察中具有广阔的应用前景。
All kinds of the ground damping ratio testing methods are summarized in the paper.The principle and procedures of damping ratio test by crosshole seismic method is described.The test requirements of damping ratio test by crosshole seismic method are specified for nuclear plant investigation work.The engineering practice and analysis shows that the crosshole seismic test is an effective method to determine the damping ratio of fractured and highly weather rock,and which is suitable for ground damping ratio test under small strain conditions.
All kinds of the ground damping ratio testing methods are summarized in the paper.The principle and procedures of damping ratio test by crosshole seismic method is described.The test requirements of damping ratio test by crosshole seismic method are specified for nuclear plant investigation work.The engineering practice and analysis shows that the crosshole seismic test is an effective method to determine the damping ratio of fractured and highly weather rock,and which is suitable for ground damping ratio test under small strain conditions.
引文
[1]房营光.岩土介质与结构动力相互作用理论及其应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2005.Fang Yingguang.Theory and application of the dynamic interaction between rock,soil and structure[M].Beijing:Science Press,2005.(in Chinese)
[2]杜海金,高博.新近沉积粉土动模量和阻尼比的试验研究[J].工程勘察,2006,(12):27~31.Du Haijin,Gao Bo.Dynamic modulus and damping ratio test study of Neogene silt[J].Geotechnical Investigation&Surveying,2006,(12):27~31.(in Chinese)
[3]尚守平,卢华喜.动剪模量和阻尼比的循环单剪试验研究[J].工程勘察,2006,(4):1~3.Shang Shouping,Lu Huaxi.Cycle shear test study for dynamic modulus and damping ratio[J].Geotechnical Investigation&Surveying,2006,(4):1~3.(in Chinese)
[4]侍倩.土工试验与测试技术[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2005.Shi Qian.Soil laboratory and in-situ tests techniques[M].Beijing:Chemical Industry Press,2005.(in Chinese)
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[6]张克绪,谢君斐.土动力学[M].北京:地震出版社,1989.Zhang Kexu,Xie Junfei.Soil dynamics[M].Beijing:Earthquake Press,1998.(in Chinese)
[7]孙静.岩土动剪切模量阻尼试验及应用研究[博士学位论文][D].哈尔滨:中国地震局工程力学研究所,2004.Sun Jing.Experiment and application studies on dynamic shear modulus and damping of geotechnical media[D].Harbin:Institute of Engineering Mechanics,China Seismological Bureau,2004.(in Chinese)
[8]钱家欢,殷宗泽.土工原理与计算(第二版)[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,1996.Qian Jiahuan,Yin Zongze.Soil mechanics and calculation(second edition)[M].Beijing:China Water&Power Press,1996.(in Chinese)
[9]D.Park.Evaluation of dynamic soil properties:Strain amplitude effects on shear modulus and damping ratio[D].New York:Cornell University,1998.
[10]P.Michaels.In situ determination of soil stiffness and damping[J].Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering,1998,124(8):709~719.
[11]孙静,袁晓铭.土的动模量和阻尼比研究评述[J].世界地震工程,2003,19(1):88~94.Sun Jing,Yuan Xiaoming.Review of the study on the dynamic modulus and damping ratio of soil[J].World Earthquake Engineering,2003,19(1):88~94.(in Chinese)
[12]X.Guo,Y.L.Wong and Y.f.Yuan.Estimation of damping ratio of soil sites using microtremor[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2002,1(1):45~49.
[13]R.J.Hoar and K.H.Stokoe.Field and laboratory measurement of material damping of soil in shear[A].Proc.8th.WCEE[C].Sanfrancisco,California,Vol.III,1984:47~54.
[14]郭锡荣.对用跨孔法测定土的动力性质的几个问题的探讨[A].水利水电科学研究院科学研究论文集第27集(结构材料、岩土与抗震工程)[C].北京:水利水电科学研究院,1985:274~282.Guo Xirong.Discussions on the dynamic characteristics of the soil by crosshole seismic tests[A].27th symposia of hydroelectricity sciences academy(structural material,geotechnical and seismic engineering)[C].Beijing:Hydro-Electricity Sciences Academy,1985:274~282.(in Chinese)
[15]刘小生,汪闻韶,常亚屏等.地基土动力特性测试中的若干问题[J].水利学报,2005,36(11):1298~1306.Liu Xiaosheng,Wang Wenshao,Chang Yaping et al.Discussions on some problems about the measurement of dynamic properties of foundation soil[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2005,36(11):1298~1306.(in Chinese)
[16]萧秉彝.跨孔式震波检测敲击源之研发[硕士学位论文][D].台中:台湾朝阳科技大学,2007.Xiao Bingyi.Study on the the vibration source in the crosshole seismic test[D].Taizhong:Taiwan Zhaogyang Technology University,2007.(in Chinese)
[17]核工业第二研究设计院.江苏省田湾核电站二期工程特殊地质体研究评价报告[R].2004.China Nuclear Power Engineering Co.Ltd.Evaluation of the special geological body in 2nd phase of nuclear power plant in Jiangsu Province[R].2004.(in Chinese)
[18]核工业第二研究设计院.江苏省田湾核电站二期工程特殊地质体空间分布和动力特征分析及勘察报告[R].2006.China Nuclear Power Engineering Co.Ltd.Distribution and dynamic properties of special geological body in 2nd phase of nuclear power plant in Jiangsu Province[R].2006.(in Chinese)
[19]中国核电工程有限公司,核工业南京工程勘察院.海南某核电厂一期工程主厂区岩土工程详勘报告[R].2009.China Nuclear Power Engineering Co.Ltd.,Nanjing Engineering Investigation Institute of Nuclear Industry.Detailed geotechnical investigation of nuclear power plant in Hainan Province[R].2009.(in Chinese)
[20]中国核电工程有限公司,河北中核岩土工程有限责任公司.江苏某核电站扩建工程5、6号机组主厂区岩土工程详勘报告[R].2009.China Nuclear Power Engineering Co.Ltd.,Nuclear Industry of China Geotechnical Engineering Co.,Ltd.Detailed geotechnical investigation of main plants of unit 5&unit 6 in a nuclear power plant in Jiangsu Province[R].2009.(in Chinese)
[21]中国核电工程有限公司,郑州中核岩土有限公司.福建某核电厂5、6号机组主厂区岩土工程详勘报告[R].2009.China Nuclear Power Engineering Co.Ltd.,Zhenzhou Nuclear Power Geotechnical Engineering Co.Ltd.Detailed geotechnical investigation of main plants of unit 5&unit 6 in a nuclear power plant in Fujian Province[R].2009.(in Chinese)
[22]中国核电工程有限公司,河北中核岩土工程有限责任公司.辽宁某核电厂一期工程主厂区岩土工程详勘报告(0628-GDC01)[R].2011.China Nuclear Power Engineering Co.Ltd.,Nuclear Industry of China Geotechnical Engineering Co.,Ltd.Detailed geotechnical investigation of main plants in 1st phase in a nuclear power plant in Liaoning Province[R].2011.(in Chinese)
[23]中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所.福建某核电厂一期工程1、2号核岛、常规岛岩土工程勘察(初步设计阶段)现场激振试验报告[R].2008.Wuhan Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics,Chinese Academy of Sciences.Excitation method test in nuclear island and conventional island of unit 1&unit 2 in a nuclear power plant in Fujian Province[R].2008.(in Chinese)
[24]廖振鹏.工程波动理论导论[M].北京:科学出版社,2002.Liao Zhenpeng.Introduction of engineering wave theory[M].Beijing:Science Press,2002.(in Chinese)
[25]中华人民共和国国家标准.岩土工程勘察规范(2009版)(GB 50021-2001)[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2009.The State Standard of People’s Republic of China.Code for investigation of geotechnical engineering(version,2009)(GB50021-2001)[S].Beijing:China Architecture&Building Press,2009.(in Chinese)
[26]J.P.瓦尔夫[著].吴世明,唐有职,陈龙珠,陈云敏[译].土—结构动力相互作用[M].北京:地震出版社,1989.J.P.Wolf.Translated by Tang Shiming,Tang Youzhi,Chen Longzhu,Chen Yunmin.Dynamic soil-structure interaction[M].Beijing:Earthquake Press,1989.(in Chinese)
[2]杜海金,高博.新近沉积粉土动模量和阻尼比的试验研究[J].工程勘察,2006,(12):27~31.Du Haijin,Gao Bo.Dynamic modulus and damping ratio test study of Neogene silt[J].Geotechnical Investigation&Surveying,2006,(12):27~31.(in Chinese)
[3]尚守平,卢华喜.动剪模量和阻尼比的循环单剪试验研究[J].工程勘察,2006,(4):1~3.Shang Shouping,Lu Huaxi.Cycle shear test study for dynamic modulus and damping ratio[J].Geotechnical Investigation&Surveying,2006,(4):1~3.(in Chinese)
[4]侍倩.土工试验与测试技术[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2005.Shi Qian.Soil laboratory and in-situ tests techniques[M].Beijing:Chemical Industry Press,2005.(in Chinese)
[5]中华人民共和国国家标准.地基动力特性测试规范(GB/T50269-97)[S].北京:中国计划出版社,1998.The State Standard of People’s Republic of China.Code for measurement method of dynamic properties of subsoil(GB/T50269-97)[S].Beijing:Chinese Plan Press,1998.(in Chinese)
[6]张克绪,谢君斐.土动力学[M].北京:地震出版社,1989.Zhang Kexu,Xie Junfei.Soil dynamics[M].Beijing:Earthquake Press,1998.(in Chinese)
[7]孙静.岩土动剪切模量阻尼试验及应用研究[博士学位论文][D].哈尔滨:中国地震局工程力学研究所,2004.Sun Jing.Experiment and application studies on dynamic shear modulus and damping of geotechnical media[D].Harbin:Institute of Engineering Mechanics,China Seismological Bureau,2004.(in Chinese)
[8]钱家欢,殷宗泽.土工原理与计算(第二版)[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,1996.Qian Jiahuan,Yin Zongze.Soil mechanics and calculation(second edition)[M].Beijing:China Water&Power Press,1996.(in Chinese)
[9]D.Park.Evaluation of dynamic soil properties:Strain amplitude effects on shear modulus and damping ratio[D].New York:Cornell University,1998.
[10]P.Michaels.In situ determination of soil stiffness and damping[J].Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering,1998,124(8):709~719.
[11]孙静,袁晓铭.土的动模量和阻尼比研究评述[J].世界地震工程,2003,19(1):88~94.Sun Jing,Yuan Xiaoming.Review of the study on the dynamic modulus and damping ratio of soil[J].World Earthquake Engineering,2003,19(1):88~94.(in Chinese)
[12]X.Guo,Y.L.Wong and Y.f.Yuan.Estimation of damping ratio of soil sites using microtremor[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2002,1(1):45~49.
[13]R.J.Hoar and K.H.Stokoe.Field and laboratory measurement of material damping of soil in shear[A].Proc.8th.WCEE[C].Sanfrancisco,California,Vol.III,1984:47~54.
[14]郭锡荣.对用跨孔法测定土的动力性质的几个问题的探讨[A].水利水电科学研究院科学研究论文集第27集(结构材料、岩土与抗震工程)[C].北京:水利水电科学研究院,1985:274~282.Guo Xirong.Discussions on the dynamic characteristics of the soil by crosshole seismic tests[A].27th symposia of hydroelectricity sciences academy(structural material,geotechnical and seismic engineering)[C].Beijing:Hydro-Electricity Sciences Academy,1985:274~282.(in Chinese)
[15]刘小生,汪闻韶,常亚屏等.地基土动力特性测试中的若干问题[J].水利学报,2005,36(11):1298~1306.Liu Xiaosheng,Wang Wenshao,Chang Yaping et al.Discussions on some problems about the measurement of dynamic properties of foundation soil[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2005,36(11):1298~1306.(in Chinese)
[16]萧秉彝.跨孔式震波检测敲击源之研发[硕士学位论文][D].台中:台湾朝阳科技大学,2007.Xiao Bingyi.Study on the the vibration source in the crosshole seismic test[D].Taizhong:Taiwan Zhaogyang Technology University,2007.(in Chinese)
[17]核工业第二研究设计院.江苏省田湾核电站二期工程特殊地质体研究评价报告[R].2004.China Nuclear Power Engineering Co.Ltd.Evaluation of the special geological body in 2nd phase of nuclear power plant in Jiangsu Province[R].2004.(in Chinese)
[18]核工业第二研究设计院.江苏省田湾核电站二期工程特殊地质体空间分布和动力特征分析及勘察报告[R].2006.China Nuclear Power Engineering Co.Ltd.Distribution and dynamic properties of special geological body in 2nd phase of nuclear power plant in Jiangsu Province[R].2006.(in Chinese)
[19]中国核电工程有限公司,核工业南京工程勘察院.海南某核电厂一期工程主厂区岩土工程详勘报告[R].2009.China Nuclear Power Engineering Co.Ltd.,Nanjing Engineering Investigation Institute of Nuclear Industry.Detailed geotechnical investigation of nuclear power plant in Hainan Province[R].2009.(in Chinese)
[20]中国核电工程有限公司,河北中核岩土工程有限责任公司.江苏某核电站扩建工程5、6号机组主厂区岩土工程详勘报告[R].2009.China Nuclear Power Engineering Co.Ltd.,Nuclear Industry of China Geotechnical Engineering Co.,Ltd.Detailed geotechnical investigation of main plants of unit 5&unit 6 in a nuclear power plant in Jiangsu Province[R].2009.(in Chinese)
[21]中国核电工程有限公司,郑州中核岩土有限公司.福建某核电厂5、6号机组主厂区岩土工程详勘报告[R].2009.China Nuclear Power Engineering Co.Ltd.,Zhenzhou Nuclear Power Geotechnical Engineering Co.Ltd.Detailed geotechnical investigation of main plants of unit 5&unit 6 in a nuclear power plant in Fujian Province[R].2009.(in Chinese)
[22]中国核电工程有限公司,河北中核岩土工程有限责任公司.辽宁某核电厂一期工程主厂区岩土工程详勘报告(0628-GDC01)[R].2011.China Nuclear Power Engineering Co.Ltd.,Nuclear Industry of China Geotechnical Engineering Co.,Ltd.Detailed geotechnical investigation of main plants in 1st phase in a nuclear power plant in Liaoning Province[R].2011.(in Chinese)
[23]中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所.福建某核电厂一期工程1、2号核岛、常规岛岩土工程勘察(初步设计阶段)现场激振试验报告[R].2008.Wuhan Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics,Chinese Academy of Sciences.Excitation method test in nuclear island and conventional island of unit 1&unit 2 in a nuclear power plant in Fujian Province[R].2008.(in Chinese)
[24]廖振鹏.工程波动理论导论[M].北京:科学出版社,2002.Liao Zhenpeng.Introduction of engineering wave theory[M].Beijing:Science Press,2002.(in Chinese)
[25]中华人民共和国国家标准.岩土工程勘察规范(2009版)(GB 50021-2001)[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2009.The State Standard of People’s Republic of China.Code for investigation of geotechnical engineering(version,2009)(GB50021-2001)[S].Beijing:China Architecture&Building Press,2009.(in Chinese)
[26]J.P.瓦尔夫[著].吴世明,唐有职,陈龙珠,陈云敏[译].土—结构动力相互作用[M].北京:地震出版社,1989.J.P.Wolf.Translated by Tang Shiming,Tang Youzhi,Chen Longzhu,Chen Yunmin.Dynamic soil-structure interaction[M].Beijing:Earthquake Press,1989.(in Chinese)
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