摘要
通过对不同含水状态砂岩进行单轴压缩声发射试验,对比分析了不同含水状态和不同损伤表征的砂岩损伤特征.试验结果表明:干燥状态时,低应力阶段,损伤曲线非常平缓,当处于损伤急速增加阶段时,损伤曲线呈多个阶跃上升,较为陡峭;天然含水状态时,损伤曲线开始增长较快,之后进入平静期,曲线较为平缓,临近破坏时,曲线有所上升,但上升幅度较干燥状态小;饱和含水时,低应力阶段也是出现损伤值上升较快,然后进入较长的平静期,临近破坏时损伤曲线变化较小,岩石基本上无破坏征兆.结果表明:砂岩含水率越高,声发射越集中分布于砂岩破坏瞬间,破坏前兆越不显著,破坏时表现出的脆性破坏越明显,声发射参量表征的损伤较应变表征的砂岩损伤更合理.
By experimenting on the sandstone of different moisture content in acoustic emission of uniaxial compression, the sandstone's damage characteristics in different moisture content and different damage symptoms are contrasted. The results prove that the damage curve is very smooth in the dry status and low-stressed stage; however the damage curve is rather steep when the damage increases sharply,and the damage curves rise by more than one step; in the natural state of water, the damage curve is growing rapidly firstly,then it turns into the tranquil period in which the damage curve is relatively smooth, it increases when it is close to destruction, but the amplitude of increasing is lower than that of the dry state; In the saturated state, at the beginning the damage curve increases sharply in low-stressed stage, then it brings into a longer tranquil period, the damage curve changes less near destruction, the rocks hardly have any damage symptoms. The conclusions are : with the increasing of sandstone moisture content,the acoustic emission distributes in the moment of sandstone destruction intensively; the less obvious the former symptoms of damage is,the more obvious the brittle failure during destroying will be; the damage of symptoms in the acoustic emission parameter is more reasonable than the sandstone damage of strain parameters.
引文
[1]徐国林,盛冬发,张庆文,等.带孔洞损伤弹性矩形板的屈曲[J].工程力学,2014,31(1):154-159.
[2]朱杰,徐颖,李栋伟.白垩系软岩的一种增量型统计损伤本构模型[J].水文地质工程地质,2013,40(6):49-54.
[3]刘洋,余贤斌,谢强,等.岩石Kaiser效应方向独立性的研究现状及进展[J].地下空间与工程学报,2012,8(6):1185-1191.
[4]宗自华,马利科,高敏,等.北山花岗岩三轴压缩条件下声发射特性研究[J].铀矿地质,2013,29(2):123-128.
[5]周喻,吴顺川,许学良,等.岩石破裂过程中声发射特性的颗粒流分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2013,32(5):951-959.
[6]梁忠雨,陈占清,王璐珍,等.试验压力机对岩石损伤过程声发射参数的影响[J].矿业研究与开发,2013,33(3):64-66.
[7]王小琼,葛洪魁,宋丽莉,等.两类岩石声发射事件与Kaiser效应点识别方法的试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2011,30(3):580-588.
[8]朱世阳,郭佐宁,黄永安,等.基于声发射的坚硬煤断裂韧度测试与应用[J].煤矿安全,2011,42(6):110-112.
[9]武晋文,赵阳升,万志军,等.热力耦合作用鲁灰花岗岩蠕变声发射规律[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2012,31(增刊1):3061-3067.
[10]许江,唐晓军,李树春,等.周期性循环载荷作用下岩石声发射规律试验研究[J].岩土力学,2009,30(5):1241-1246.
[11]李楠,王恩元,赵恩来,等.岩石循环加载和分级加载损伤破坏声发射实验研究[J].煤炭学报,2010,35(7):1099-1103.
[12]邓飞,罗福友,罗福龙,等.砂岩单轴压缩变形规律及声发射特性[J].有色金属科学与工程,2014,5(1):77-81.
[13]黄志辉,卢春燕,沈国华,等.单轴加载条件下砂岩声发射特性分析[J].有色金属科学与工程,2014,5(1):91-94.
[14]邓华锋,原先凡,李建林,等.饱水度对砂岩纵波波速及强度影响的试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2013,32(8):1625-1631.
[15]陈旭,俞缙,李宏,等.不同岩性及含水率的岩石声波传播规律试验研究[J].岩土力学,2013,34(9):2527-2533.
[16]邓飞,罗福友,胡龙飞,等.水对岩石物理性质及声发射特征影响研究现状[J].采矿技术,2013,13(6):37-39,77.
[17]李俊平,余志雄,周创兵,等.水力耦合下岩石的声发射特征试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(3):492-498.
[18]方亚如,蔡戴恩,刘晓红,等.含水岩石破裂前的声发射b值变化[J].地震,1986(2):1-6.
[19]赵洪宝,尹光志.含瓦斯煤声发射特性试验及损伤方程研究[J].岩土力学,2011,32(3):667-671.
[20]张艳博,康志强,姜国虎,等.基于岩石损伤破坏和声发射理论的岩爆发生机理[J].金属矿山,2007(12):79-82.
[21]袁林,高召宁,孟祥瑞.基于Drucker-Prager准则下的深部软岩巷道粘弹塑性分析[J].矿业工程研究,2013,28(1):11-16.
[22]曹瑞琅,贺少辉,韦京,等.基于残余强度修正的岩石损伤软化统计本构模型研究[J].岩土力学,2013,34(6):1652-1660,1667.