Natural gas in the Ludong-Wucaiwan area is characterized by typical source-controlled reservoirs. This paper makes a systematic research and evaluation on the characteristics of the Carboniferous source rocks in the area. The Carboniferous source rocks are dominantly dark grey and grey mudstones, secondarily tuffs, carbonaceous mudstones, silty mudstones and coals. The source rock abundance of the Upper Carboniferous Batamayineishan Formation (C₂b) is higher than that of the Lower Carboniferous Dishuiquan Formation (C₁d), while the kerogen type of the Lower Carboniferous source rock is better than that of the Upper Carboniferous. The maturity center of the Carboniferous source rocks is located in the west part of Dinan uplift to the Wucaiwan Depression area. The source rocks are distributed in zonal shape in east-west direction, and are most developed in the west part of the Dinan uplift and its southern area.