In order to find the potential ecological risk of soil heavy metal pollution in the eastern Shandong Province, compared with the average content of deep soil heavy metal, potential ecological risk of soil heavy metal pollution was evaluated by means of potential ecological risk index method based on soil survey. Its eco-environmental effect was discussed. The results showed that the degrees of soil heavy metal pollution of Hg, Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn, Cr and As in the eastern Shandong Province were in descending order. Potential ecological risks of soil heavy metal pollution of Hg, Cd, As, Pb, Cu, Cr and Zn were in descending order. Contribution rate of Hg and Cd to soil pollution risk was 87.95%, and the soil mainly distributed in Laizhou-Zhaoyuan-Yantai and Mouping-Rushan gold mine districts and urban zones.