The authors measured soil microbial biomass C (SMBC), microbial respiration (MR) and microbial metabolic quotient ( qCO2) on surface soil (0 ~ 10 cm) in tilled field, shrub, Ligustrum lucidum forest and Pinus massoniana forest in Guiyang, Guizhou Province. The data revealed that SMBC and MR were higher in secondary forests than in tilled field and the shrub plot had the highest values. The results suggested that shrub plant is preferable to the pure broad-leaf or needle plant for soil microbial communities and has more rapid accumulation rate of soil organic matter.