With the analysis of the characteristic of the navigation system and data synchronous acquisition on off-shore exploration vessel, the application of Kalman filtering technique in establishing the math model used to describe the dynamic characteristic of the vessel was proposed in this paper. Based on the model and the output refreshment of time and position from GPS equipment, the solution of positioning network for the vessel in the next time period was predicted and then the location of the vessel and its relative relation to the designed route of seismic exploration were determined.