• 责任者：Dong Xiping (School of Earth and Space Sciences ; Peking University ; Beijing 100871 ; China)
• 刊名：Acta Palaeontologica Sinica
• 出版年：2009
• 卷期：48(3)
• 关键词：后生动物界 ; Metazoa ; 生命起源 ; life origin ; X射线分析 ; X-ray analysis
• 页码：p.390-401
• 图表：1 illus., 2 plates, 34 refs.
• 分类号：1100
• issnNo：ISSN0001-6616
• isbnNo：CN32-1188/Q

Bengtson and Yue first identified Olivooides and Markuelia as fossil embryos, established the embryonic and post-embryonic developmental. In the last decade, many papers on Cambrian fossil embryos have been published, which has dramatically increased our knowledge on them. Among others, Steiner et al. identified Pseudooides as fossil embryo and proposed its developmental sequences. The anatomy, affinity, and cladistic analysis of Markuelia were studied based on much more exquisitely preserved specimens recovered from Middle and Upper Cambrian in western Hunan, China. Markuelia was constrained as a stem Scalidophora. The developmental sequences were tentatively established, from cleavage through organogenesis to the pre-hatching of Cambrian embryo Markuelia, especially the developmental sequences during the pre-hatching stage, i.e., from the earliest period when the scalids and tail spines only took shape to the latest period. Because the well-preserved specimens of Olivooides that respectively represent the pre-hatching stage, the hatching stage, and the stage of the earliest juvenile have been recovered recently, the embryonic and post-embryonic developmental sequences of Olivooides are reestablished with more confidence. Although the phylogenetic affinities of Olivooides remain controversial, many authors support the cnidarian affinity.